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Epigenetic modification associated with climate regulates betulin biosynthesis in birch

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Journal of Forestry research 2023年第1期34卷 21-35页

作者： Jiang Wang Bowei Chen Shahid Ali Tianxu Zhang Yu Wang He Zhang Lishan Wang Yonglan Zhang Linan Xie Tingbo Jiang Jing Yin Heike W.sederoff Gaurav Zinta ronald r.sederoff Yuhua Li Qingzhu Zhang State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding Northeast Forestry UniversityHarbin 150040People’s Republic of China College of Life Sciences Northeast Forestry UniversityHarbin 150040People’s Republic of China Forest Biotechnology Group Department of Forestry and Environmental ResourcesNorth Carolina State UniversityRaleighNC 27695USA Biotechnology Division CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource TechnologyPalampur 176061India

The Betula genus contains pentacyclic triterpenoid betulin known for its environmental adaptation and medicinal ***,the mechanisms underlying betulin biosynthesis responding to climate change remain *** this study,the role of epigenetic modification(DNA methylation) in betulin biosynthesis was examined and how climatic factors influence ***-genome bisulfite sequencing was performed for greenhouse-grown Chinese white birch(Betula platyphylla Sukaczev) treated with DNA methylation inhibitor zebularine(ZEB) and a natural birch population in Northeast *** treatment significantly affected the CHH methylation level of transposable elements and betulin content in a hormesis dose-dependent *** methylation and expression of bHLH9,a key transcriptional factor controlling betulin biosynthesis,were also consistently affected by ZEB treatment as a hormetic *** the natural population,there was a positive correlation between promoter methylation of bHLH9 and summer precipitation,while winter temperature was negatively *** climate-dependent methylation of bHLH9 regulates the expression of downstream genes involved in betulin *** study highlights the role of environmental signals to induce epigenetic changes that result in betulin production,possibly helping to develop resilient plants to combat ongoing climate change and enhance secondary metabolite production.

关键词： Epigenetics DNA methylation Betulin bHLH9 transcription factor Hormesis Climate change Secondary metabolite

Exceptionally high genetic variance of the doubled haploid(DH)population of poplar

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Journal of Forestry research 2023年第6期34卷 1941-1950页

作者： Caixia Liu Sui Wang Yi Liu Meng Wang Erqin Fan Chen Liu Shikai Zhang Chuanping Yang Junhui Wang Heike W.sederoff Xiangling You Vincent L.Chiang Su Chen ronald r.sederoff Guanzheng Qu College of Life Science Northeast Forestry UniversityHarbin 150040People’s Republic of China State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding Northeast Forestry UniversityHarbin 150040People’s Republic of China Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology in Chinese Ministry of Education Northeast Agricultural UniversityHarbin 150030People’s Republic of China State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding Key Laboratory of Tree Breeding and Cultivation of State Forestry AdministrationResearch Institute of ForestryChinese Academy of ForestryBeijing 100091People’s Republic of China Department of Plant and Microbial Biology North Carolina State UniversityRaleighNC 27695USA Forest Biotechnology Group Department of Forestry and Environmental ResourcesNorth Carolina State UniversityRaleighNC 27695USA

Doubled haploid(DH)plants have been widely used for breeding and biological research in *** ulus *** been used as model woody plant species for biological ***,the induction of DH poplar plants is onerous,and limited biological or breeding work has been carried out on DH individuals or *** this study,we provide an effective protocol for poplar haploid induction based on an anther culture method.A total of 96 whole DH plant lines were obtained using an F1hybrid of Populus simonii×*** as a donor *** phenotypes of the DH population showed exceptionally high variance when compared to those of half-sib progeny of the donor *** DH line displayed distinct features compared to those of the other DH lines or the donor ***,some excellent homozygous lines have the potential to be model plants in genetic and breeding studies.

关键词： Populus Anther culture Doubled haploid Genetic variance Flow cytometry

Qu-2,a robust poplar suspension cell line for molecular biology

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Journal of Forestry research 2021年第2期32卷 733-740页

作者： Caixia Liu Kailong Li Meng Wang Erqin Fan Chuanping Yang Junhui Wang Pengyue Fu Xiaolan Ge Heike W.sederoff ronald rsederoff Vincent LChiang Sui Wang Guanzheng Qu State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding Northeast Forestry UniversityHarbin 150040People’s Republic of China State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding Key Laboratory of Tree Breeding and Cultivation of State Forestry AdministrationResearch Institute of ForestryChinese Academy of ForestryBeijing 100091People’s Republic of China Department of Plant and Microbial Biology North Carolina State UniversityRaleighNC 27695USA Forest Biotechnology Group Department of Forestry and Environmental ResourcesNorth Carolina State UniversityRaleighNC 27695USA Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology in Chinese Ministry of Education Northeast Agricultural UniversityHarbin 150030People’s Republic of China

Populus *** long been used as model woody plant species for molecular biology ***,tissues of poplar are often recalcitrant to experimental procedures for molecular *** generated a hormone autotrophic poplar suspension cell line from a hybrid of Populus alba×***‘Yinzhong’,named ***-2 cells are suitable as a model biological system for studying woody ***-2 cells have many advantages over suspension cell lines derived so far from any other woody ***-2 cells are very easy to cultivate and can grow on several common plant culture media without the addition of any plant *** show exceptionally high growth rates,reaching an approximately 150-fold increase in biomass after one week of *** important unique characteristic of Qu-2 cells is that they can be cryopreserved and readily ***-2 cells are suitable for molecular manipulations such as protoplast production,transient transformation,and rNA-seq ***,Qu-2 cells have the great potential to be an excellent model cell line in tree molecular biological research,ranging from physiology to gene *** Qu-2 cells will be made available to the plant community for research.

关键词： Qu-2 cell line Suspension cell Poplar Protoplast isolation Transient transformation

Customization Using Fuzzy recommender Systems

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Journal of Donghua University(English Edition) 2004年第3期21卷 9-14页

作者： ronald r. Yager Machine Intelligence Institute Iona College New Rochelle NY 10801

We discuss some methods for constructing recommender systems. An important feature of the methods studied here is that we assume the availability of a description, representation, of the objects being considered for recommendation. The approaches studied here differ from collaborative filtering in that we only use preferences information from the individual for whom we are providing the recommendation and make no use the preferences of other collaborators. We provide a detailed discussion of the construction of the representation schema used. We consider two sources of information about the users preferences. The first are direct statements about the type of objects the user likes. The second source of information comes from ratings of objects which the user has experienced.

关键词： recommender system fuzzy logic preference.

Minimum spouting velocity of flat-base spouted fluid bed

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Particuology 2018年第1期16卷 27-36页

作者： Esmail r. Monazam ronald W. Breault Justin Weber Ky Layfield National Energy Technology Laboratory U. S. Department of Energy 3610 Collins Ferry Rd. Morgantown WV26507-0880 USA rEM Engineering Services PLLC 3537 Collins Ferry Rd. Morgantown WV26505 USA

Experiments were performed on spout characteristics of a cylindrical spout-fluidized bed （I.D. = 10 cm） with different static heights and two materials （A1203 and high density polyethylene）. results of minimum spouting velocity obtained in this study were compared with reported correlations for both spouted and spout-fluidized beds. Considerable discrepancies were found between the values obtained using different model equations as well as with respect to experimental results. Based on the Mathur-Gishler correlation, a new correlation is proposed for calculating the minimum spouting velocity that introduces the ratio U/Umf. It was found that the minimum spouting velocity decreases with increasing fluidizing gas velocity （U/Umf）. The pressure drop at the point of minimum spouting velocity is also correlated using this dimensionless group and is presented in this work. This investigation demonstrates that the use of correlations reported in the literature that focus primarily on conical bottom spouted beds are not applicable to fiat-bottom spouted and spout-fluidized beds.

关键词： Spouted bed Spout-fluidized bed Minimum spouting velocity Flat-bottom spouted bed

Beating the blues:engineering cryptochrome expression improves soybean yield

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Molecular Plant 2021年第2期14卷 202-204页

作者： ronald Pierik Plant Ecophysiology Department of BiologyUtrecht UniversityPadualaan 83584 CH Utrechtthe Netherlands

Phytochrome A overexpression can increase harvest index,as was shown 25 years ago in a breakthrough paper on tobacco(robson et al.,1996).The impact of this important discovery has,however,not been fully *** at high densities often respond strongly to nearby competitors by strong elongation of their internodes and upward bending of their leaves,i.e.,shade *** is crucial for plants to ascertain access to sunlight,and this navigation through vegetation occurs through light cues that are sensed with various photoreceptors.A spectacular sensitivity is displayed by sun-loving plants that can already sense their nearby competitors even before mutual shading occurs and respond through a first acceleration of shoot *** anticipatory response is triggered through red(r):far-red(Fr)light-sensitive phytochrome photoreceptors that detect Fr light that is reflected by nearby *** the vegetation continues to grow and true shading occurs,there is also a significant depletion of red and blue light,since the latter two are absorbed for photosynthesis in the overhead leaves(reviewed in Pierik and Ballaré,2021).Plants can respond to blue light depletion,especially when integrating it with signaling of Fr enrichment in Arabidopsis(de Wit et al.,2016).

关键词： depletion soybean breakthrough

Contextual influences on animal decision-making:Significance for behavior-based wildlife conservation and management

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Integrative Zoology 2017年第1期12卷 32-48页

作者： Megan A.OWEN ronald r.SWAISGOOD Daniel T.BLUMSTEIN Institute for Conservation research San Diego Zoo GlobalSan DiegoCaliforniaUSA Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology University of CaliforniaLos AngelesCaliforniaUSA

Survival and successful reproduction require animals to make critical decisions amidst a naturally dynamic environmental and social background(i.e.“context”).However,human activities have pervasively,and rapidly,extended contextual variation into evolutionarily novel territory,potentially rendering evolved animal decision-making mechanisms and strategies *** suggest that explicitly focusing on animal decision-making(ADM),by integrating and applying findings from studies of sensory ecology,cognitive psychology,behavioral economics and eco-evolutionary strategies,may enhance our understanding of,and our ability to predict how,human-driven changes in the environment and population demography will influence animal ***,the decisions animals make involve evolved mechanisms,and behaviors emerge from the combined action of sensory integration,cognitive mechanisms and strategic rules of thumb,and any of these processes may have a disproportionate influence on *** there is extensive literature exploring ADM,it generally reflects a canalized,discipline-specific approach that lacks a unified conceptual *** a result,there has been limited application of ADM theory and research findings into predictive models that can enhance management outcomes,even though it is likely that the relative resilience of species to rapid environmental change is fundamentally a result of how ADM is linked to contextual ***,we focus on how context influences ADM,and highlight ideas and results that may be most applicable to conservation biology.

关键词： animal behavior anthropogenic change context decision-making wildlife management

Geometric morphometric analysis of the early Pleistocene hominin teeth from Jianshi,Hubei Province,China

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Science China Earth Sciences 2010年第8期53卷 1141-1152页

作者： ronald CLArKE University of the Witwatersrand JohannesburgSouth Africa

Although the early Pleistocene hominin fossils found in East Asia continent are widely recognized as the earliest hominins migrated from Africa, debates remain on the morphology and taxonomy of these fossils. In this study, dental crown shape of the three early Pleistocene hominin teeth (P3, M1, and M1) found in Jianshi, Hubei Province of China was analyzed by means of geometric morphometrics. The comparative samples of fossil hominins from Africa, Asia, and Europe as well as those of modern humans (N=257) were used. The results indicate that the contour, asymmetry, and cusp patterns of these three types of teeth differ obviously between the fossil hominins and modern humans. The crown shape of P3 in most fossil hominins including Australopithecus, African early Homo, and Asian Pleistocene hominins are asymmetric with their crown occlusal contours long and curving elliptic-shaped. The occlusal contour of the fossil hominin M1 is symmetric and rectangle-shaped with no marked cusp protrusion. The crown shape of fossil M1 is characterized by asymmetric contour with slightly projected metaconid and hypoconid. On the contrary, in modern Chinese and some European late Pleistocene hominins, the crowns of P3s show symmetric contours with buccal side wider than lingual side; the crown shape of M1 is asymmetric with lingual cusp distalplaced, especially for hypoconid; the M1 has symmetric and round crown contour. Our study reveals that Australopithecus has wide variations in its crown shape, whereas these dental morphospaces of Asian hominins are closely placed. The crown contour, symmetry, and cusp patterns of these three teeth of Jianshi hominin resemble those of Asian early and middle Pleistocene hominins. No marked difference in dental crown shape is shown between the Jianshi hominin and other Chinese Homo erectus, and there is also no evidence in support of the Jianshi hominin's closeness to Australopithecus and African early Homo members.

关键词： human evolution tooth shape geometric morphometric Jianshi Hubei China

Artificial enzymes,cancer chemotherapy,conjugation and nanoelectronics,and prebiotic chemistry

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Science China Chemistry 2011年第12期54卷 1803-1814页

作者： BrESLOW ronald Department of Chemistry Columbia University

This is a summary,with extensive references,of several areas of chemistry in which the Breslow lab has been involved,leading to work still underway in several of *** principal conclusions are described,but it will be ... 详细信息

关键词： artificial enzymes cancer chemotherapy conjugation and nanoelectronics prebiotic chemistry