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Modelling the population fluctuation of winter moth and mottled umber moth in central and northern Germany

Forest Ecosystems 2019年第1期6卷 38-55页

作者： Anika Hittenbeck ronald Bialozyt Matthias Schmidt Northwest German Forest Research Institute

Background: Winter moth(Operophtera brumata) and mottled umber moth(Erannis defoliaria) are forest Lepidoptera species characterized by periodic high abundance in a 7–11 year cycle. During outbreak years they cause severe defoliation in many forest stands in Europe. In order to better understand the spatio-temporal dynamics and elucidate possible influences of weather, stand and site conditions, a generalized additive mixed model was developed. The investigated data base was derived from glue band catch monitoring stands of both species in Central and North Germany. From the glue bands only female moth individuals are counted and a hazard code is calculated. The model can be employed to predict the exceedance of a warning threshold of this hazard code which indicates a potential severe defoliation of oak stands by winter moth and mottled umber in the coming ***: The developed model accounts for specific temporal structured effects for three large ecoregions and random effects at stand level. During variable selection the negative model effect of pest control and the positive model effects of mean daily minimum temperature in adult stage and precipitation in early pupal stage were ***: The developed model can be used for short-term predictions of potential defoliation risk in Central and North Germany. These predictions are sensitive to weather conditions and the population dynamics. However, a future extension of the data base comprising further outbreak years would allow for deeper investigation of the temporal and regional patterns of the cyclic dynamics and their causal influences on abundance of winter moth and mottled umber.

关键词： Operophtera brumata Erannis defoliaria Generalized additive mixed model Weather effect Insect pest outbreaks

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Diabetes and Hypertension Are Associated with Food Insecurity in a Cameroonian Population: A Case-Control Study

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Journal of Biosciences and Medicines 2024年第2期12卷 1-21页

作者： Boris ronald Tonou Tchuente Pauline Vervaine Hagbe Hippolyte Tene Mouafo Janvier Aime Fotso Youovop Ousmane Mfopou Mbiondi Javeres Leonel Ntepe Mbah Roussel Guy Nguemto Takuissu Raissa Francoise Ntentie Boris Gabin Kingue Azantsa Judith Laure Ngondi Julius Oben Enyong Department of Biochemistry Faculty of Sciences University of Yaounde 1 Yaounde Cameroon Centre for Food Food Security and Nutrition Research Institute of Medical Research and Medicinal Plant Studies Yaounde Cameroon Department of Biosciences COMSATS University Islamabad Islamabad Pakistan Laboratory of Human Metabolism and Non-Communicable Disease Institute of Medical Research and Medicinal Plant Studies Yaounde Cameroon Higher Teacher’s and Training College University of Yaounde 1 Yaounde Cameroon Center of Nutrition and Functional Foods Yaounde Cameroon

Diabetes and hypertension are the most prevalent cardiovascular risk factors. Recent studies showed an increase in the prevalence of food insecurity in our country. The aim of this study was to assess how food insecurity affects the dietary habits, socio-demographic characteristics and metabolic profile of individuals with diabetes or hypertension. This case-control study was conducted among diabetic and hypertensive participants (cases) and diabetic and hypertensive normal (controls) during the screening campaigns for nutrition-related chronic diseases. The sociodemographic, clinical and biochemical parameters of the participants were analyzed. Logistic regression analyses were performed to identify factors associated with diabetes and hypertension in the study population. Bivariate analyses showed that male gender (OR = 1.972;95% CI: 1.250 - 3.089), regular alcohol consumption (OR = 2.012;95% CI: 1.294 - 3.130), low fruit consumption (OR = 1.590;95% CI: 1.016 - 2.488), low dietary diversity (OR = 2.915;95% CI: 1.658 - 5.127) and abdominal obesity (OR = 1.893, CI 95% 1.203 - 2.978) were significantly associated with hypertension. In addition, low fruit consumption (OR = 1.829;95% CI 1.092 - 3.064), low legume consumption (OR = 3.515;95% CI 1.861 - 6.635), and hypertriglyceridaemia (OR = 2.241, 95% CI 1.139 - 4.408) were significantly associated with diabetes. The indirect association observed between food insecurity and diabetes and hypertension suggests the need for nutritional policies aimed at popularizing the production and consumption of fruits and legumes. Similarly, health services need to be aware and informed of the important role that food insecurity can play in the development of diabetes and hypertension.

关键词： Food Insecurity Diabetes Hypertension Cameroon

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A Study in the 20th-Century Western Assimilation of China： The American Poet Ezra Pound＇s Imagination of Kwan-yin in the Pisan Cantos

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浙江大学学报（人文社会科学版） 2012年第3期42卷 53-73页

作者： ronald Bush St John＇s College Oxford University St. Giles Oxford OX1 3J P UK

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Optically stimulated luminescence dating of aeolian sand in the Otindag dune field and Holocene climate change

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Science China Earth Sciences 2008年第6期51卷 837-847页

作者： Joseph MASON James SWINEHART ronald GOBLE Department of Geography University of Wisconsin Madison School of Natural Resources IANR University of Nebraska-Lincoln Department of Geosciences University of Nebraska-Lincoln

The dune system in Otindag sand field of northern China is sensitive to climate change, where effective moisture and related vegetation cover play a controlling role for dune activity and stability. Therefore, aeolian deposits may be an archive of past environmental changes, possibly at the millennial scale, but previous studies on this topic have rarely been reported. In this study, thirty-five optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) ages of ten representative sand-paleosol profiles in Otindag sand field are ob-tained, and these ages provide a relatively complete and well-dated chronology for wet and dry varia-tions in Holocene. The results indicate that widespread dune mobilization occurred from 9.9 to 8.2 ka, suggesting a dry early Holocene climate. The dunes were mainly stabilized between 8.0 and 2.7 ka, implying a relatively wet climate, although there were short-term penetrations of dune activity during this wet period. After ~2.3 ka, the region became dry again, as inferred from widespread dune activity. The '8.2 ka' cold event and the Little Ice Age climatic deterioration are detected on the basis of the dune records and OSL ages. During the Medieval Warm Period and the Sui-Tang Warm Period (570-770 AD), climate in Otindag sand field was relatively humid and the vegetation was denser, and the sand dunes were stabilized again. These aeolian records may indicate climate changes at millennial time scale during Holocene, and these climatic changes may be the teleconnection to the climate changes elsewhere in the world.

关键词： Otindag sand field OSL dating Holocene drought dune

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Hydroelastic Response of A Circular Plate in Waves on A Two-Layer Fluid of Finite Depth

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China Ocean Engineering 2014年第5期28卷 671-686页

作者：林强卢东强 ronald W.YEUNG Shanghai Institute of Applied Mathematics and Mechanics Shanghai University Shanghai Key Laboratory of Mechanics in Energy Engineering China Ship Scientific Research Center American Bureau of Shipping Endowed Chair in Ocean Engineering University of California at Berkeley

The hydroelastic response of a circular, very large floating structure(VLFS), idealized as a floating circular elastic thin plate, is investigated for the case of time-harmonic incident waves of the surface and interfacial wave modes, of a given wave frequency, on a two-layer fluid of finite and constant depth. In linear potential-flow theory, with the aid of angular eigenfunction expansions, the diffraction potentials can be expressed by the Bessel functions. A system of simultaneous equations is derived by matching the velocity and the pressure between the open-water and the platecovered regions, while incorporating the edge conditions of the plate. Then the complex nested series are simplified by utilizing the orthogonality of the vertical eigenfunctions in the open-water region. Numerical computations are presented to investigate the effects of different physical quantities, such as the thickness of the plate, Young’s modulus, the ratios of the densities and of the layer depths, on the dispersion relations of the flexural-gravity waves for the two-layer fluid. Rapid convergence of the method is observed, but is slower at higher wave frequency. At high frequency, it is found that there is some energy transferred from the interfacial mode to the surface mode.

关键词： wave diffraction two-layer fluid orthogonality matched eigenfunction circular elastic plate flexural waves

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The notion of dominant terminology in bibliometric research

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Journal of Data and Information Science 2023年第4期8卷 1-7页

作者： Yves Fassin ronald Rousseau Department of Marketing Innovationand OrganisationFaculty of Economics and Business AdministrationGhent UniversityB-9000 GentBelgium University of Antwerp Middelheimlaan 1Faculty of Social SciencesB-2020 Antwerp KU Leuven MSIFacultair Onderzoekscentrum ECOOMNaamsestraat 61Leuven B-3000Belgium

In this opinion paper, we introduce the expressions of dominant terminology and dominant term in the quantitative studies of science in analogy to the notion of dominant design in product development and innovation.

关键词： Dominant design Dominant terminology Science of science Bibliometrics Scientometrics

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FLIGHTLAB^(TM) modeling for real-time simulation applications

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International Journal of Modeling, Simulation, and Scientific Computing 2017年第4期8卷 25-42页

作者： ronald Du Val Chengjian He Advanced Rotorcraft Technology Inc.SunnyvaleCaliforniaUSA

Modeling and simulation are used to support a wide range of applications including design,analysis,operations research,test and evaluation,training,*** application has different fidelity requirements and computational ***,a variety of models are required to support a single aircraft type throughout its life *** and configuration management of this array of models is *** a software tool that supports selective fidelity modeling and simulation to insure trace-ability and commonality between models,ranging from the comprehensive models required for design to the real time models required for training and hardware-in-the-loop *** a single tool with this range of modeling options greatly enhances the configuration management *** once the highest fidelity,comprehensive,model is validated,it can be used to provide reference data for validation of simpler models,thereby expediting the validation process for all levels of *** paper describes the real-time simulation capability of FLIGHTLABTMmodels and their trace-ability to higher level FLIGHTLABTMmodels.

关键词： Rotorcraft modeling simulation real-time validation selective fidelity helicopter FLIGHTLABTM

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Network design for local agriculture using robust optimization

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Information Processing in Agriculture 2021年第3期8卷 469-483页

作者： Ashish Kambli ronald G.McGarvey Department of Industrial and Manufacturing Systems Engineering University of MissouriColumbiaMO 65211United States Harry S Truman School of Public Affairs University of MissouriColumbiaMO 65211United States

For small farmers wishing to sell their products under the “local agriculture”marketing con-cept,connecting with consumers can be *** approach to mitigating this discon-nect between where production occurs and where consumers reside is through a network of regional consolidation *** this study,we utilize optimization models to assist the Mis-souri Coalition of Environment(MCE)in helping farmers from Missouri and Illinois route products from their farms to a central hub in *** aim of this study was to minimize the ton-miles traveled by farmers and MCE vehicles in delivering agricultural products from farms to regional hubs to the central *** historical data about variability of plant and animal production in the Greater Plains region,a robust optimization approach was incorpo-rated to increase the likelihood that the network can accommodate uncertainty in agricul-tural ***/CPLEX was used to solve the model under different configurations and identify potential locations for regional *** testing determined that the capacity of hubs plays a key role in the optimal assignments:given the assumed model constraint that farmers can travel only to their nearest regional hub,solutions may sacrifice a better objective function value in order to accommodate farmers’travel requirements.

关键词： Optimization Robustness and sensitivity analysis Supply chain management

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Hot Money Flows,Commodity Price Cycles and Financial Repression in the USA and China:The Consequences of Near-zero US Interest Rates

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China & World Economy 2013年第4期21卷 1-13页

作者： ronald McKinnon Department of Economics Stanford UniversityStanfordCAUSA.

Under near-zero US interest rates, the international dollar standard malfunctions. Emerging markets with naturally higher interest rates are swamped with hot money inflows. Emerging market central banks intervene to prevent their currencies from rising precipitately. They lose monetary control and domestic prices begin inflating. Primary commodity prices rise worldwide unless interrupted by an international banking crisis＇. This cyclical inflation on the dollar＇s periphery only registers in the US core eonsumer price index with a long lag. The zero interest rate policy also fails to stimulate the US economy as domestic finaneial intermediation by banks and money market mutual funds is repressed. Because China is forced to keep its interest rates below market-clearing levels, it also suffers from finaneial repression, although in a form differing from that in the USA.

关键词： commodity price financial repression hot money flows zero interest rate

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Integration and scaling of UV-B radiation effects on plants: the relative sensitivity of growth forms and interspecies interactions

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2018年第4期11卷 656-670页

作者： Vasile Alexandru Suchar ronald Robberecht Department of Statistical Science College of ScienceUniversity of Idaho875 Perimeter Drive MS1104MoscowID 83844-1104USA Department of Forest Rangelandand Fire SciencesCollege of Natural ResourcesUniversity of Idaho875 Perimeter Drive MS1133MoscowID 83844-1133USA

Aims the relative plant type sensitivity and selected community interac-tions under increased UV-B radiation where ***,we investigated:(i)if there are differences among growth forms in regard to their sensitivity to UV-B radiation,(ii)if increased UV-B radiation influences the plant competitive balance in plant com-munities and(iii)the response mechanisms of the UV-B radiation-sensitive species that might increase their *** to answer our research questions,we used a mechanistic model that,for the first time,integrated the effects of increased UV-B radia-tion from molecular level processes,whole plant growth and devel-opment,and community *** Findings In the model simulations,species types exhibited different levels of sensitivity to increased UV-B *** C3 and C4 annuals showed similar growth inhibition rates,while biennials and winter C3 annuals were the most *** exhibited inhibitions in growth only if increased UV-B radiation results in increases in metabolic *** communities,species sensitive to UV-B radiation may have a competitive disadvantage compared to resistant plant ***,sensitive species may have a wide array of responses that can increase their fitness and reproductive success in the com-munity,such as,increased secondary metabolites production,changes in timing of emergence and reproduction,and changes in seed *** individual plants may exhibit significant inhibi-tions in growth and development,in communities,these inhibitions can be mitigated by small morphological and physiological *** or occasional increased UV-B radiation events should not have any lasting effect on the structure of the commu-nity,unless other environmental factors are perturbing the dynamic equilibrium.

关键词： UV-B radiation effects plant growth and development simulation modeling relative sensitivity competition

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