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Journal of Behavioral and Brain Science 2015年第11期5卷 513-523页

作者： Taryn G. Aubrecht Zachary M. Weil Bachir Abi Salloum Maria Eugenia Ariza Marshall Williams Brenda Reader ronald glaser John Sheridan Randy J. Nelson Departments of Neuroscience The Ohio State University Columbus OH USA Molecular Virology Immunology & Medical Genetics The Ohio State University Columbus OH USA Institute of Behavioral Medicine Research Wexner Medical Center Comprehensive Cancer Center The Ohio State University Columbus OH USA Division of Biosciences College of Dentistry The Ohio State University Columbus OH USA

Most adult humans have been infected with Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), which is thought to contribute to the development of chronic fatigue syndrome. Stress is known to influence the immune system and can exacerbate the sickness response. Although a role for psychological stress in the sickness response, particularly in combination with EBV-encoded deoxyuridine triphosphate nucleotidohydrolase (dUTPase) has been established, and the role of physical stressors in these interactions remains unspecified. In this study, we seek to determine the interaction of chronic physical (swim) stress and EBV-encoded dUTPase injection. We hypothesize that a chronic physical stressor will exacerbate the sickness response following EBV-encoded dUTPase injection. To test this hypothesis mice receive daily injections of EBV-encoded dUTPase or vehicle and are subjected to 15 min of swim stress each day for 14 days or left unmanipulated. On the final evening of injections mice undergo behavioral testing. EBV-encoded dUTPase injection alone produces some sickness behaviors. The physical swimming stress does not alter the sickness response.

关键词： Epstein-Barr Virus Swim Stress Sickness Response

Epidemiology and clinical characteristics of pediatric osteomyelitis in northern California

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World Journal of Pediatrics 2023年第6期19卷 609-613页

作者： Xiao Ben Wang Navendu Samant Justin Searns Carol glaser Department of Pediatrics UCLA Medical Center10833 Le Conte AvenueA2-383 MDCCLos AngelesCA 90095USA Division of Research Kaiser Permanente Northern CaliforniaOaklandCAUSA Department of Pediatrics University of ColoradoChildren's Hospital ColoradoAuroraCOUSA California Department of Public Health CARichmondUSA

Pediatric osteomyelitis is a serious infection in children leading to significant morbidity and hospitalization[1].Infections most commonly occur in the long bones,and 52%-70% are caused by Staphylococcus aureus(S.aureus)[2-4].Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus(MRSA)has been associated with higher rates of complications for children with acute osteomyelitis.

关键词： Epidemiology myelitis acute

Restraint Induces Sickness Responses Independent of Injection with Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV)-Encoded dUTPase

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Journal of Behavioral and Brain Science 2014年第11期4卷 491-505页

作者： Taryn G. Aubrecht Bachir Abi Salloum Maria Eugenia Ariza Marshall Williams Brenda Reader ronald glaser John Sheridan Randy J. Nelson Departments of Neuroscience The Ohio State University Columbus OH USA Departments of Molecular Virology Immunology & Medical Genetics The Ohio State University Columbus OH USA Institute for Behavioral Medicine Research Wexner Medical Center Comprehensive Cancer Center The Ohio State University Columbus OH USA Division of Bioscience College of Dentistry The Ohio State University Columbus OH USA

Most adult humans have been infected by Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), a putative cause of chronic fatigue syndrome, and carry latent EBV. The EBV-encoded dUTPase can induce sickness responses in mice and chronic stress exacerbates this response. Because individuals often adapt to chronic stress, we tested the hypothesis that acute restraint stress would potentiate these sickness responses elicited by EBV-encoded dUTPase. Male CD-1 mice were injected daily for one or three days with either saline or EBV-encoded dUTPase. Additionally, mice from each condition were either restrained for three hours daily or left undisturbed during the light phase when mice are inactive. Restraint decreased weight gain during the one- and three-day experiments. Restraint in saline injected mice increased anxiety-like behavior in the open field during the three-day experiment. There were no behavioral differences during the one-day experiment. Restraint stress had no effect when experienced acutely on one day, but did produce a sickness response after three days of exposure regardless of saline or dUTPase injection. In contrast to the effects of chronic stress and EBV-encoded dUTPase on the sickness response, acute stress did not affect sickness responses in association with EBV-encoded dUTPase. Thus, dUTPase does not appear to provoke the same sickness responses after acute stress as compared to chronic stress.

关键词： Epstein-Barr Virus Restraint Stress Sickness Response Anxiety-Like and Depressive-Like Behaviors

Emerging Therapeutic Strategies in The Fight Against Primary Biliary Cholangitis

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Journal of Clinical and Translational Hepatology 2023年第4期11卷 949-957页

作者： Abigail Medford Jonathan Childs Ashleigh Little Sanjukta Chakraborty Leonardo Baiocchi Gianfranco Alpini Shannon glaser Department of Medical Physiology Texas A&M University School of MedicineBryanTXUSA Hepatology Unit University of Tor VergataRomeItaly Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Department of MedicineIndiana University School of MedicineIndianapolisINUSA

The liver has a vital role in many metabolic and regulatory processes in the body.Primary biliary cholangitis(PBC),previously known as primary biliary cirrhosis,is a chronic cholestatic autoimmune disease of the intrahepatic bile ducts associated with loss of tolerance to mitochondrial antigens.At this time there is no definitive cure for PBC;however,ursodeoxycholic acid(UDCA)has been shown to reduce injury when administered as the first line of treatment.Additional therapeutics can be given concurrently or as an alternative to UDCA to manage the symptoms and further curb disease progression.Currently,a liver transplant is the only potentially curative option when the patient has developed end-stage liver disease or intractable pruritus.This review aims to delineate the pathogenesis of primary biliary cholangitis and shed light on current therapeutic strategies in the treatment of PBC.

关键词： Cholestatic liver disease Therapeutic approaches Biliary epithelia ursodeoxycholic acid

An adaptive Markov chain algorithm applied over map-matching of vehicle trip GPS data

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Geo-Spatial Information Science 2021年第3期24卷 484-497页

作者： Bilge Kaan Karamete Louai Adhami Eli glaser Engineering GeospatialKinetica DB IncArlingtonVAUSA

Markov chains have frequently been applied to match the probable routes with a set of GPS trip data that a pilot vehicle is emitting over a specific graph road network. This class of mapmatching (MM) algorithms presently demonstrates and involve statistical and ad-hoc measures to drive the Markov chain transitional probabilities in picking the best route combinations constrained over the graph road network. In this study, we have devised an adaptive scheme to modify the Markov Chain (MC) kernel window as we move along the GPS samples to reduce the mistakes that can happen by the use of narrower MC widths. The measure for temporarily increasing the MC window width is chosen to be the ratio between the geodesic distance of current route to the actual geodesic distance between each pair of GPS samples. This adaptive use of MC has shown to have hardened the results significantly with tolerable computational cost increase. The details of the overall algorithm are depicted by the example routes extracted from various vehicle trips and the results are shown to validate the usefulness of the algorithm in practice.

关键词： Hidden Markov chain(HMC) map-matching(MM) graph networks

Import Determinants of Organelle-Specific and Dual Targeting Peptides of Mitochondria and Chloroplasts in Arabidopsis thaliana

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Molecular Plant 2014年第1期7卷 121-136页

作者： Changrong Ge Erika Spanning Elzbieta glaser Ake Wieslander Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics Center for Biomembrane Research Stockholm University SE-106 91 Stockholm Sweden Medical Inflammation Research Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics Karolinska Institute SE-171 77 Stockholm Sweden

Most of the mitochondrial and chloroplastic proteins are synthesized in the cytosol as precursor proteins carrying an N-terminal targeting peptide （TP） directing them specifically to a correct organelle. However, there is a group of proteins that are dually targeted to mitochondria and chloroplasts using an ambiguous N-terminal dual targeting peptide （dTP）. Here, we have investigated pattern properties of import determinants of organelle-specific TPs and dTPs combining mathematical multivariate data analysis （MVDA） with in vitro organellar import studies. We have used large datasets of mitochondrial and chloroplastic proteins found in organellar proteomes as well as manually selected data sets of experimentally confirmed organelle-specific TPs and dTPs from Arabidopsis thaliana. Two classes of organelle-specific TPs could be distinguished by MVDA and potential patterns or periodicity in the amino acid sequence contributing to the separation were revealed, dTPs were found to have intermediate sequence features between the organelle-specific TPs. Interestingly, introducing positively charged residues to the dTPs showed clustering towards the mitochondrial TPs in silico and resulted in inhibition of chloroplast, but not mitochondrial import in in vitro organellar import studies. These findings suggest that positive charges in the N-terminal region of TPs may function as an ＇avoidance signal＇ for the chloroplast import.

关键词： dual targeting ambiguous targeting signal mitochondria chloroplast protein import partial least square discriminant analysis Arabidopsis thaliana.

Promotion effect of niobium on ceria catalyst for selective catalytic reduction of NO with NH3

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Journal of Rare Earths 2022年第10期40卷 1535-1545页

作者： Bolin Zhang Lifeng Deng Michael Liebau Yingjie Ren Chunyun Luo Bo Liu Shengen Zhang Roger glaser Institute for Advanced Materials and Technology University of Science and Technology BeijingBejing 100083China Shunde Graduate School University of Science and Technology BeijingFoshan 528399China Jiangsu Longkingcotech Co. Ltd.Yancheng224000China Institute of Chemical Technology Universit at LeipzigLeipzig04103Germany

The CeO_(2),Ce-Nb-O_(x) and Nb_(2)O_(5) catalysts were synthesized by citric acid method and the promotion effect of Nb on ceria for selective catalytic reduction(SCR)of NO with NH_(3) was investigated.The catalytic activity measurements indicate that the mixed oxide Ce-Nb-O_(x) presents a higher SCR activity than the single oxide CeO_(2) or Nb_(2)O_(5) catalyst.In addition,the Ce-Nb-O_(x) catalyst shows high resistance towards H_(2)O and SO_(2) at 280℃.The Raman,X-ray photoelectron spectra and temperature programmed reduction with H_(2) results indicate that the incorporation of Nb provides abundant oxygen vacancies for capturing more surface adsorbed oxygen,which provides a superior redox capability and accelerates the renewal of active sites.Furthermore,the Fourier transform infrared spectra and temperature programmed desorption of NH_(3) results suggest that niobium pentoxide shows high surface acidity,which is partly retained in the Ce-Nb-O_(x) catalyst possessing a high content of Lewis and Br?nsted acid sites.Therefore,the incorporation of Nb improves both the redox and acidic capacities of Ce-Nb-O_(x) catalyst for the SCR reaction.Here,the redox behavior is primarily taken on Ce and the acidity is well improved by Nb,so the synergistic effect should exist between Ce and Nb.In terms of the reaction mechanism,in situ DRIFT experiments suggest that both NH_(3) on Lewis acid sites and NH_(4)^(+) on Bronsted acid sites can react with NO species,and adsorbed NO and NO_(2) species can both be reduced by NH_(3).In the SCR process,O_(2) primarily acts as the accelerant to improve the redox and acid cycles and plays an important role.This work proves that the combination of redox and acidic properties of different constituents can be feasible for catalyst design to obtain a superior SCR performance.

关键词： Cerium-niobium Selective catalytic reduction Redox behavior Acid cycle Synergistic effect Rare earths

Synergistic effect of cobalt and niobium in Co_(3)-Nb-O_(x)on performance of selective catalytic reduction of NO with NH_(3)

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Rare Metals 2022年第1期41卷 166-178页

作者： Bo-Lin Zhang Li-Feng Deng Bo Liu Chun-Yun Luo Michael Liebau Shen-Gen Zhang Roger glaser Institute for Advanced Materials and Technology University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China Shunde Graduate School University of Science and Technology BeijingFoshan 528399China Jiangsu Longkingcotech Co. Ltd.Yancheng 224000China Institute of Chemical Technology Universita¨t LeipzigLeipzig 04103Germany e-mail:roger.glaeser

Combining the redox properties of Co and the acid properties of Nb in a Co_(3)-Nb-O_(x)catalyst is shown to provide superior performance in the selective catalytic reduction of NO with NH_(3)(NH_(3)-SCR).Co_(3)O_(4)shows average activity,however,it exhibits a poor N_(2)selectivity.Nb_(2)O_(5)is not active for NH_(3)-SCR.However,the mixed Co_(3)-Nb-O_(x) catalyst shows higher NO conversion and N_(2)selectivity than the single Co_(3)O_(4)and Nb_(2)O_(5)catalysts at 100–300℃.The results of temperature programmed reduction by H_(2)and X-ray photoelectron(XP)spectra indicate that the addition of Nb changes the chemical states of Co and decreases the concentration of Co^(3+) and Oa,adjusting the activity for catalytic oxidation to a moderate level.This suppresses the formation of undesired N_(2)O from the over-oxidation of NH_(3).Incorporation of Co and Nb into one solid synergistically couples their redox behavior and surface acidity,ensuring the high catalytic activity and N2 selectivity in NH3-SCR.

关键词： Co-Nb Selective catalytic reduction Lowtemperature Acid property Redox behavior

Strengthening the scientific evidence base of a new climate agreement

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Ecosystem Health and Sustainability 2015年第9期1卷 18-22页

作者： Gisbert glaser International Council for Science(ICSU) 5 Rue Auguste VacquerieParisFrance 75116

Ahead of the forthcoming global intergovernmental climate meeting in Paris,scientists met in Paris in July at a large scientific conference calling for an ambitious agreement aimed at holding global warming to 2℃.With agriculture,forestry,and other land use contributing 24%of total greenhouse gas(GHG)emissions(2000-2009),there is potential for significant ecosystem-based mitigation benefits.Similarly,maintaining healthy ecosystems represents,in many situations,the most efficient way of adaptation.This paper highlights some scientific aspects,as presented at the conference,related to ecosystem-based adaptation and mitigation.It calls for enhanced cooperation between scientists,policy makers,and other stakeholders.

关键词： adaptation agriculture climate change ecosystems international agreements mitigation science–policy links stakeholder cooperation sustainable development

Long-term results of endoscopic balloon dilatation of lower gastrointestinal tract strictures in Crohn's disease:A prospective study

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2009年第21期15卷 2623-2627页

作者： Klaus Stienecker Daniel Gleichmann Ulrike Neumayer H Joachim glaser Carolin Tonus Department of Gastroenterology Herz-Jesu-Hospital Fulda Department of Visceral Surgery Herz-Jesu-Hospital Fulda

AIM:To examine the long-term results of endoscopic treatment in a prospective study conducted over a period of 10 years,1997 to January 2007.METHODS:A total of 25 patients(20 female and five male:aged 18-75 years),with at least one symptom of stricture not passable with the standard colonoscope and with a confirmed scarred Crohn's stricture of the lower gastrointestinal tract,were included in the study.The main symptom was abdominal pain.The endoscopic balloon dilatation was performed with an 18 mm balloon under endoscopic and radiological control.RESULTS:Eleven strictures were located in the colon,13 at the anastomosis after ileocecal resection,three at the Bauhin valve and four in the ileum.Four patients had two strictures and one patient had three strictures.Of the 31 strictures,in 30 was balloon dilatation successful in a single endoscopic session,so that eventually the strictures could be passed easily with the standard colonoscope.In one patient with a long stricture of the ileum involving the Bauhin valve and an additional stricture of the ileum which were 15 cm apart,sufficient dilatation was not possible.This patient therefore required surgery.Improvement of abdominal symptoms was achieved in all cases which had technically successful balloon dilatation,althoughin one case perforation occurred after dilatation of a recurrent stricture.Available follow-up was in the range of 54-118 mo(mean of 81 mo).The relapse rate over this period was 46%,but 64% of relapsing strictures could be successfully dilated again.Only in four patients was surgery required during this follow-up period.CONCLUSION:We conclude from these initial results that endoscopic balloon dilatation,especially for short strictures in Crohn's disease,can be performed with reliable success.Perforation is a rare complication.It is our opinion that in the long-term,the relapse rate is probably higher than after surgery,but usually a second endoscopic treatment can be performed successfully,leading to a considerable success rate of the endoscopic p

关键词：腹痛消化道治疗方法结肠镜