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A stepwise process for carbon dioxide sequestration using magnesium silicates

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Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2010年第2期4卷 133-141页

作者： Johan FAGERLUND Experience NDUAGU Inês ROMÃO ron zevenhoven Åbo Akademi University Thermal and Flow EngineeringBiskopsgatan 8FI-20500Åbo/TurkuFinland visiting from University of Coimbra Department of Chemical EngineeringPólo IIPinhal de Marrocos3030-290 CoimbraPortugal

This work involves the production of magnesium in the form of Mg(OH)_(2)from serpentinite rock(nickel mine tailing)material followed by conversion into MgCO_(3)using a pressurised fluidised bed(PFB)reactor operating at 400℃-600℃and pressures up to 2.85 *** approach is rooted in the thermodynamic fact that the reaction between Mg(OH)_(2)and gaseous CO_(2)forming MgCO_(3)and water releases significant amounts of *** main problem is,however,the chemical kinetics;the reaction is slow and has to be accelerated in order to be used in an economically viable process for large-scale(~1 Mt/a)CO_(2)*** have constructed a labscale PFB reactor test-setup for optimising the carbonation *** high enough temperatures and conversion levels the reaction should provide the heat for the proceeding Mg(OH)_(2)production step,making the overall process energy *** far we have been able to achieve a conversion degree of 26%at 500℃and 2.85 MPa after 30 min(particle size 125-212μm).In this paper the test facility and our latest results and progress on CO_(2)mineral carbonation are ***,the possible integration of the iron as a feedstock for iron and steel production will be briefly *** interesting side-effect of this carbon dioxide capture and storage(CCS)route is that significant amounts of iron are obtained from the serpentinite rock *** is released during the Mg(OH)_(2)production and can be of great interest to the iron-and steel producing sector,which at the same time is Finland’s largest CO_(2)producer.

关键词： mineralisation serpentinite mineral carbonation magnesium carbonate fluidised bed

Sulfuric acid leaching kinetics of South African chromite

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2015年第3期22卷 233-240页

作者： Qing Zhao Cheng-jun Liu Pei-yang Shi Bo Zhang Mao-fa Jiang Qing-song Zhang ron zevenhoven Henrik Saxén Key Laboratory for Ecological Metallurgy of Multimetallic Ores (Ministry of Education) Northeastern University Thermal and Flow Engineering Laboratory bo Akademi University

The sulfuric acid leaching kinetics of South African chromite was investigated. The negative influence of a solid product layer constituted of a silicon-rich phase and chromium-rich sulfate was eliminated by crushing the chromite and by selecting proper leaching con- ditions. The dimensionless change in specific surface area and the conversion rate of the chromite were observed to exhibit a proportional re- lationship. A modified shrinking particle model was developed to account for the change in reactive surface area, and the model was fitted to experimental data. The resulting model was observed to describe experimental findings very well. Kinetics analysis revealed that the leach- ing process is controlled by a chemical reaction under the employed experimental conditions and the activation energy of the reaction is 48 ***-1.

关键词： chromite ore treatment sulfuric acid leaching kinetics physical models

Combining the Radiative, Conductive and Convective Heat Flows in and around a Skylight

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Journal of Energy and Power Engineering 2012年第9期6卷 1423-1428页

作者： Martin Falt ron zevenhoven Laboratory of Thermal and Flow Engineering Department of Chemical Engineering Abo Akademi University Turku 20500 Finland

Normal skylights bring light into the spaces located below them. By the use of IR （infrared radiation） transmissive polymer films and IR-emitting and absorbing gases, an advanced version of the skylight may supply passive cooling and thermal insulation to the room located below it. This novel radiative skylight can, in its cooling mode, lead heat from the room below, to the cool skies located above the skylight. When cooling is no longer needed or attainable, the skylight will in its cooling mode provide the room with an optimal amount of thermal resistance. This article is a progress reporting on the modeling of the skylight. The main work is done to combine the different heat transfer methods into one single model by the use of the commercial program Comsol 4.1. The results show that a cooling effect of 100 W/ma is achievable when the skylight is compared with a similar skylight containing only air.

关键词： Radiative cooling heat transfer in participating media skylight.

Carbonation of calcium-containing mineral and industrial by-products

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Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2010年第2期4卷 110-119页

作者： ron zevenhoven Anders WIKLUND Johan FAGERLUND Sanni ELONEVA Ben IN’T VEEN Hans GEERLINGS Gert VAN MOSSEL Harold BOERRIGTER Åbo Akademi University Thermal and Flow Engineering LaboratoryBiskopsgatan 8FI-20500Åbo/TurkuFinland Helsinki University of Technology Department of Energy TechnologyPO Box 4400FI-02015 EspooFinland Shell Global Solutions International B.V. PO Box 3800NL-1030 BNAmsterdamthe Netherlands Delft University of Technology Department of Chemical TechnologyJulianalaan 136NL-2628 BL Delftthe Netherlands

The use of carbon dioxide(CO_(2))and calciumcontaining by-products from industrial activities is receiving increasing interest as a route to valuable carbonate materials while reducing CO_(2) emissions and saving natural *** this work,wet-chemical experimental data was assessed,which involved the carbonation of three types of materials in aqueous solutions,namely,1)wollastonite,a calcium silicate mineral,2)steelmaking slag,a by-product of steel production,and 3)paper bottom ash(PBA)from waste paper *** were to achieve either a high carbonation degree and/or a pure carbonate product with potential commercial *** a pure precipitated calcium carbonate(PCC)material that may find use in paper industry products puts strong requirements on purity and *** parameters investigated were particle size,CO_(2)pressure,temperature,solid/liquid ratio,and the use of additives that affect the solubilities of CO_(2)and/or calcium *** and pressures were varied up to 180℃and 4 *** obtained with the wollastinite mineral allowed for a comparison between natural resources and the industrial by-product materials,the latter typically being more *** respect to temperature and pressure trends reported by others were largely confirmed,with temperatures above 150℃introducing thermodynamic limitations depending on CO_(2)*** influence of additives showed some promise,although costs may make recycling and reuse of additives a necessity for a largescale *** using steelmaking slag,magnetic separation may remove some iron-containing material from the process(although this is far from perfect),while the addition of bicarbonate supported the removal of phosphorous,aside from improving calcium *** experiments with paper bottom ash(PBA)gave new data,showing that its reactivity resembles that of steelmaking slag,while its composition results in relatively pure carbonate ***,with PBA no addi

关键词： mineralization industrial by-products calcium carbonate

Carbon Dioxide Mineralisation and Integration with Flue Gas Desulphurisation Applied to a Modern Coal-Fired Power Plant

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Journal of Energy and Power Engineering 2014年第3期8卷 431-447页

作者： ron zevenhoven Johan Fagerlund Thomas Bjorklof Magdalena Maikela Olav Eklund Department of Chemical Engineering Abo Akademi University Abo Turku 20500 Finland Department of Geology & Mineralogy Abo Akademi UniversityAbo Turku 20500 Finland

For Finland, carbon dioxide mineralisation was identified as the only option for CCS （carbon capture and storage） application. Unfortunately it has not been embraced by the power sector. One interesting source-sink combination, however, is formed by magnesium silicate resources at Vammala, located -85 km east of the 565 MWe coal-fired Meri-Pori Power Plant on the country＇s southwest coast. This paper assesses mineral sequestration of Meri-Pori power plant CO2, using Vammala mineral resources and the mineralisation process under development at Abo Akademi University. That process implies Mg（OH）E production from magnesium silicate-based rock, followed by gas/solid carbonation of the Mg（OH）2 in a pressurised fluidised bed. Reported are results on experimental work, i.e., Mg（OH）2 production, with rock from locations close to Meri-Pori. Results suggest a total CO2 fixation capacity -50 Mt CO2 for the Vammala site, although production of Mg（OH）2 from rock from the site is challenging. Finally, as mineralisation could be directly applied to flue gases without CO2 pre-capture, we report from experimental work on carbonation of Mg（OH）2 with CO2 and CO2-SO2-O2 gas mixtures. Results show that SO2 readily reacts with Mg（OH）2, providing an opportunity to simultaneously capture SO2 and CO2, which could make separate flue gas desulphurisation redundant.

关键词： CO2 mineral sequestration large-scale application coal-fired power plant desulphurisation.