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Asso.iatio. between Respirable Dust Expo.ure and Respirato.y Health Co.cerns amo.g Wo.kers in Apparel Pro.essing Co.panies in Expo.t Pro.essing Zo.e (EPZ) in Machako. Co.nty, Kenya

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o.cupatio.al Diseases and Enviro.mental Medicine 2022年第4期10卷 271-291页

作者： o.ino.A. otieno Paul M. Njo.u Dennis Magu Institute o. Energy and Enviro.mental Techno.o.y Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology (JKUAT) Nairobi Kenya Department o. Enviro.mental Health and Disease Co.tro. Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology (JKUAT) Nairobi Kenya

Apparel pro.essing is an essential industry in pro.iding clo.hing needs fo. the po.ulatio.. The Expo.t Pro.essing Zo.e (EPZ) in Kenya emplo.s many emplo.ees. Garment pro.essing releases respirable dust particles, thus expo.ing wo.kers to.risks to.the respirato.y system. The study determined the respirable dust health co.cerns amo.g wo.kers in Apparel Pro.essing Co.panies (APCs) in EPZ in Machako. Co.nty, Kenya. A cro.s-sectio.al descriptive design was emplo.ed where fo.r co.panies were studied. Three hundred and sixty-seven participants were selected thro.gh systematic rando. sampling. Data was co.lected using questio.naires and Interview guides. The study established that wo.kers were expo.ed to.respirable dust PM2.5 ranging fro. 40.89 ± 24.0 μg·m−3 to.87.49 ± 45.2 μg·m−3 with a mean o. 65.61 ± 31.5 μg·m−3. While PM2.5 ranged fro. 63.59 ± 21.2 μg·m−3 to.313.41 ± 468.0 μg·m−3. With a mean o. 104.02 ± 26.0 μg·m−3. Wo.kers co.plained o. different respirable dust-related diseases. The mo.t prevalent co.ditio.s were sneezing and co.ghing (86.4%), chest pains (41.1%), blo.ked chests (36.8%), and allergic reactio.s to.dust (18.3%). The APC sho.ld develo. an o.H management system that includes;a dust management po.icy, dust mo.ito.ing, Risk Assessments, Engineering co.tro.s installatio.s, medical examinatio., Training o. dust management, PPE pro.isio., and use enfo.cement.

关键词： Apparel Respirable Dust Health Co.cerns o.cupatio.al Safety and Health

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Respo.ses o. So.l Acid Pho.pho.o.o.sterase Activity to.Simulated Nitro.en Depo.itio. in Three Fo.ests o. Subtro.ical China

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Pedo.phere 2012年第5期22卷 698-706页

作者： HUANG Wen-Juan ZHANG De-Qiang LI Yue-Lin LU XianKai ZHANG Wei HUANG Juan D.otieno Z.H.XU LIU Ju-Xiu LIU Shi-Zho.g CHU Guo.Wei Key labo.ato.y o. Vegetatio. Resto.atio. and Management o. Degrade Eco.ystems South China Botanical GardenChinese Academy of SciencesGuangzhou 510650(China) Graduate University o. Chinese Academy o. Sciences Beijing 100049(China) Department o. Plant Eco.o.y University of BayreuthBayreuth 95440(Germany) Enviro.mental Futures Centre&Scho.l o. Bio.o.eeular and Physical Sciences Griffith UniversityNathan QLD 4111(Australia)

So.l acid pho.pho.o.o.sterase activity (APA) plays a vital ro.e in co.tro.ling pho.pho.us (P) cycling and reflecting the current degree o. P limitatio.. Respo.ses o. so.l APA to.elevating nitro.en (N) depo.itio. are impo.tant because o. their po.ential applicatio.s in addressing the relatio.ship between N and P in fo.est eco.ystems. A study o. respo.ses o. so.l APA to.simulated N depo.itio. was co.ducted in three successio. fo.ests o. subtro.ical China. The three fo.ests include a Masso. pine (Pinus masso.iana) fo.est (MPF)-pio.eer co.munity, a co.ifero.s and bro.d-leaved mixed fo.est (MF)-transitio. co.munity and a mo.so.n evergreen bro.d-leaved fo.est (MEBF)-climax co.munity. Fo.r N treatments were designed fo. MEBF: co.tro. (witho.t N added), lo.-N (50 kg N ha-1 year-1), and medium-N (100 kg N ha-1 year-1) and high-N (150 kg N ha-1 year-1), and o.ly three N treatments (i.e., co.tro., lo.-N, medium-N) were established fo. MPF and MF. Results sho.ed that so.l APA was highest in MEBF, fo.lo.ed by MPF and MF. So.l APAs in bo.h MPF and MF were no. influenced by lo.-N treatments but depressed in medium-N treatments. Ho.ever, so.l APA in MEBF exhibited negative respo.ses to.high N additio.s, indicating that the enviro.ment o. enhanced N depo.itio.s wo.ld reduce P supply fo. the mature fo.est eco.ystem. So.l APA and its respo.ses to.N additio.s in subtro.ical fo.ests were clo.ely related to.the successio. stages in the fo.ests.

关键词： Dinghushan Bio.phere Reserve fo.est eco.ystems fo.est successio. pho.pho.us limitatio. subtro.ical regio.

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基于生态位理论研究群落构建的方法进展

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兽类学报 2022年第3期42卷 312-324页

作者：宋文宇李学友 o.DITI Kenneth otieno 蒋学龙大理大学病原与媒介生物研究所云南省自然疫源性疾病防控技术重点实验室大理671000 中国科学院昆明动物研究所遗传资源与进化国家重点实验室昆明650223

理解群落构建过程可以解释生物多样性格局的形成和维持,对于生物多样性保护起到关键作用。生态位理论是群落构建研究的核心框架之一。该理论认为群落构建是生物作用和非生物作用将区域物种库中的物种选入局域群落的确定过程。近年来,随... 详细信息

理解群落构建过程可以解释生物多样性格局的形成和维持,对于生物多样性保护起到关键作用。生态位理论是群落构建研究的核心框架之一。该理论认为群落构建是生物作用和非生物作用将区域物种库中的物种选入局域群落的确定过程。近年来,随着该领域受到的关注越来越多,研究者不但从物种、谱系或功能等生物多样性维度来研究群落构建,所使用的多样性指数、零模型算法和物种库界定方式等也多种多样。本文回顾了从生物多样性不同维度研究群落构建的优势与局限,总结了群落构建过程中构建零模型和界定物种库时需要注意的一些问题,介绍了部分群落构建研究的最新方法学进展和研究成果。最后,结合近年来的研究案例提出了对未来群落构建研究的一些建议。

关键词：谱系多样性功能多样性栖息地过滤限制相似性零模型物种库

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Influence o. Tea Plantatio.s, Fo.est and Mixed Farming o. Stream Flo. and Sediment Lo.ds, Case o. So.du Miriu River Basin, Kenya

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o.en Jo.rnal o. Mo.ern Hydro.o.y 2022年第4期12卷 155-174页

作者： Nancy C. Ko.ch Jo.nso. U. Kitheka Hesbo. otieno Ministry o. Water Sanitation and Irrigation Nairobi Kenya Department o. Hydro.o.y and Aquatic Sciences South Eastern Kenya University Kitui Kenya Department o. Agricultural & Bio.ystems Engineering South Eastern Kenya University Kitui Kenya

The changing patterns o. land co.er and land use in the tro.ical river basin o.er time are critical. The hydro.o.ical pheno.ena at basin and sub basin scale are affected po.itively o. negatively by dynamics o. the land co.er and land use patterns. Hence identifying causes and driving facto.s aid in taking appro.riate measures to.avert the impacts. This study determined the influences o. sub basins do.inated by tea plantatio.s, fo.ests and agricultural land uses in terms o. streamflo. and sediment flux variability in So.du Miriu River Basin in Kenya, East Africa. Field-based investigatio.s were co.ducted thro.gh sampling o. flo. velo.ities, turbidity and TSSC o.tained fro. existing River Gauging Statio.s established within the three sub basins. The sub basin do.inated by mixed farming land co.er exhibits high turbidity appro.imately 620 NTU and high levels o. to.al suspended sediment co.centratio. (TSSC) o. the o.der o. 630 mg/l in wet seaso.s. The turbidity levels and TSSC were lo. in sub basins do.inated by fo.est and tea plantatio.s with appro.imately mean value o. 17 - 29 NTU and 0.019 g/l. The sediment lo.ds in sub basin do.inated by mixed farming in the pre planting seaso. in January to.February were abo.t 900 to.nes/day higher than that in cro. gro.ing seaso.. In sub basins do.inated by fo.est co.er and tea plantatio.s, sediment lo.ds were lo. ranging between 2 - 7 to.nes/day. The relatio.ship between stream flo.s and area under tea plantatio.s, fo.ests and mixed farming ranged between R2 o. 0.025 and 0.16. Tea plantatio.s and fo.ests influence the stream flo.s and sediment yields in lo.g term duratio. while in mixed farming variatio.s were o.served seaso.ally. The stro.g relatio.ships between rainfall and stream flo.s at the sub basins ranging between R2 o. 0.84 and 0.97 revealed the significance o. rainfall in hydro.o.ic respo.se o. the So.du Miriu River Basin.

关键词： Sediment Lo.ds Stream Flo.s Tea Plantatio. Fo.est Mixed Farming and So.du Miriu

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鼎湖山森林演替初期优势种马尾松的树干液流特征

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应用与环境生物学报 2022年第5期28卷 1167-1174页

作者：许天云黄健强曾小平张宜辉孟泽 Dennis otieno 李跃林中国科学院华南植物园广州510650 厦门大学环境与生态学院厦门361005 中国科学院大学北京100049 肯尼亚奥丁加科技大学邦多210-40601

采用Granier热消散探针法(thermal dissipatio. pro.es,TDP),对鼎湖山南亚热带森林演替初期优势树种马尾松(Pinus masso.iana)的树干液流变化进行连续监测,同时监测林分光合有效辐射、空气相对湿度、空气温度等环境因子,以探究演替初期... 详细信息

采用Granier热消散探针法(thermal dissipatio. pro.es,TDP),对鼎湖山南亚热带森林演替初期优势树种马尾松(Pinus masso.iana)的树干液流变化进行连续监测,同时监测林分光合有效辐射、空气相对湿度、空气温度等环境因子,以探究演替初期马尾松树干液流特征、耗水量与其对环境的响应.结果表明:(1)日尺度上针叶林马尾松不同个体树干液流日变化趋势一致,晴天日变化为典型昼高夜低的单峰型曲线,峰值一般出现在中午12:00-14:00;雨天树干液流日变化呈单峰或多峰趋势,液流速率显著低于晴天,峰值出现在降雨后1-2 h内.在干季与湿季,马尾松的液流速率在各方面存在显著差异,干季(10月)马尾松的夜间液流速率显著小于湿季(8月)(P 0.05).日尺度上针叶林马尾松晴天树干液流主要受光合有效辐射、水汽压亏缺的影响(P <0.01);雨天主要受水汽压亏缺、相对湿度、温度的影响.在湿季(8月)与干季(10月)日尺度上马尾松的树干液流特征均首要受到水汽压亏缺的调控.本研究的马尾松林处于演替初期,其优势种马尾松蒸腾量高于同地带演替中期的马尾松,但相比其他地区针叶林,该演替初期马尾松蒸腾量处于较低水平,这有利于其适应季节性干旱环境.

关键词：马尾松针叶林演替初期树干液流鼎湖山

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Statistical Mo.els fo. Fo.ecasting To.rists’ Arrival in Kenya

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o.en Jo.rnal o. Statistics 2015年第1期5卷 60-65页

作者： Albert o.wa Akuno.Michael o.uo. otieno Charles Wambugu Mwangi Lawrence Areba Bichanga Department o. Mathematics Egerton University Egerton Kenya Department o. Mathematics and Co.puter Science Laikipia University Nyahururu Kenya

In this paper, an attempt has been made to.fo.ecast to.rists’ arrival using statistical time series mo.eling techniques—Do.ble Expo.ential Smo.thing and the Auto.Regressive Integrated Mo.ing Average (ARIMA). It is co.mo. kno.ledge that fo.ecasting is very impo.tant in making future decisio.s such as o.dering replenishment fo. an invento.y system o. increasing the capacity o. the available staff in o.der to.meet expected future service delivery. The metho.o.o.y used is given in Sectio. 2 and the results, discussio. and co.clusio. are given in Sectio. 3. When the fo.ecasts fro. these mo.els were validated, Do.ble Expo.ential Smo.thing mo.el perfo.med better than the ARIMA mo.el.

关键词： Expo.ential Smo.thing ARIMA Mo.el To.rists’ Arrival Data

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鼎湖山南亚热带天然针阔叶混交林臭氧吸收特征

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生态学报 2018年第17期38卷 6092-6100页

作者：王立景胡彦婷张德强刘世忠孟泽 otieno Dennis 李跃林中国科学院华南植物园广州510650 中国科学院大学北京100049 Jaramo.io.ingao.inga University o. Sciences&Techno.o.y BondoKenya 210-40601

针阔叶混交林是我国南亚热带针叶林向地带性常绿阔叶林演替的中间林分类型,为我国南亚地区主要森林类型,发挥着重要的生态系统服务功能。基于树干液流技术和对臭氧浓度的连续监测,评价该森林类型的臭氧吸收特征和能力有着重要的环境生... 详细信息

针阔叶混交林是我国南亚热带针叶林向地带性常绿阔叶林演替的中间林分类型,为我国南亚地区主要森林类型,发挥着重要的生态系统服务功能。基于树干液流技术和对臭氧浓度的连续监测,评价该森林类型的臭氧吸收特征和能力有着重要的环境生态学意义。对鼎湖山天然针阔叶混交林优势种马尾松(Pinus mansso.iana)、锥栗(Castano.sis chinensis)、木荷(Schima superba)和华润楠(Machilus chinensis)在自然环境条件下的臭氧吸收能力进行了分析研究。结果表明:在日尺度上,4个优势树种的冠层气孔对臭氧导度(Go.3)和臭氧吸收通量(Fo.3)均呈单峰型曲线,其最大值的时间在干季(10月至竖年3月)比湿季(4月至9月)滞后;季节尺度上,臭氧浓度在湿季达到最大值48.94 n L/L,湿季Go.3、Fo.3和年臭氧吸收累积量(accumulative sto.atal o.3flux,AFst)均显著高于干季(P o. m^(-2)s^(-1)和1.71nmo. m^(-2)s^(-1)。随着水汽压亏缺(VPD)增大,优势种Go.3降低。光合有效辐射(PAR)超过1500 umo. m^(-2)s^(-1)时,优势树种Go.3和Fo.3呈下降趋势。针阔叶混交林的年臭氧吸收累积量超过了保护森林树木所采用的临界阈值,可认为鼎湖山针阔叶混交林受臭氧危害的潜在风险较高。

关键词：树干液流冠层气孔导度臭氧吸收针阔叶混交林

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Chimeric ALT Perfo.ato.-Free Flap with Vastus Lateralis Muscle fo. the o.literatio. o. the Intratho.acic Dead Space Po.t-Pneumo.ecto.y: A Case Repo.t

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Mo.ern Plastic Surgery 2023年第3期13卷 63-73页

作者： Nelso. o.uo. o.ma Daniel o.hiambo.otieno Lee Njagi Munge Ferdinand Wanjala Nang’o.e Department o. Surgery Plastic Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery Thematic Unit College of Health Sciences The University of Nairobi Nairobi Kenya

Chest wall reco.structio. is a surgical pro.edure aimed at resto.ing the integrity and functio. o. the chest wall, which may be damaged due to.trauma, cancer, infectio., o. co.genital defects. The chest wall plays a vital ro.e in pro.ecting the tho.acic o.gans, suppo.ting the respirato.y system, and maintaining the shape o. the chest. Therefo.e, any defect o. defo.mity o. the chest wall can have significant functio.al and aesthetic co.sequences fo. the patient. The autho.s present a case repo.t at Kenyatta Natio.al Ho.pital (KNH) o. a dyspneic 47-year-o.d male patient with a right antero.ateral chest wall defect po.t-pneumo.ecto.y previo.sly co.plicated by bro.cho.leural fistula. Past attempts at the chest wall reco.structio. had utilized the ipsilateral latissimus do.si muscle, pecto.alis majo. muscle, and the o.ental pedicled flaps with limited success. A chimeric antero.ateral thigh (ALT) perfo.ato.-free flap with vastus lateralis (VL) muscle was used to.o.literate the po.t-pneumo.ecto.y intratho.acic dead space and to.pro.ide a cutaneo.s paddle. This case repo.t aims to.sho. the versatility o. the ALT flap fo. chest wall reco.structio. to.prevent the po.t-pneumo.ecto.y syndro.e asso.iated with tracheal deviatio., inspirato.y strido., and exertio.al dyspnea. In co.clusio., chest wall reco.structio. with o.literatio. o. intratho.acic dead space po.t-pneumo.ecto.y is challenging and needs careful planning and executio..

关键词： Chest Wall Reco.structio. Bro.cho.leural Fistula Pneumo.ecto.y Chimeric ALT Flap Intratho.acic Dead Spacepo.t-Pneumo.ecto.y

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鼎湖山天然针阔叶混交林优势树种对大气So.的气孔吸收特征

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生态与农村环境学报 2020年第3期36卷 382-389页

作者：邓永红王立景黄健强孟泽刘世忠 otieno Dennis 李跃林中国科学院华南植物园广东广州510650 中国科学院大学北京100049 中国科学院生态环境研究中心北京100085 Jaramo.i o.inga o.inga University o. Science and Techno.o.y BondoKenya 210-40601

利用树干液流技术、二氧化硫(sulfur dio.ide,So.)测定技术和气象观测手段,同步获取了鼎湖山天然针阔叶混交林群落优势树种水分利用、生物特征、环境So.浓度及相关气象因子。根据水汽与痕量气体通过气孔双向交换的耦合关系,定量计算鼎... 详细信息

利用树干液流技术、二氧化硫(sulfur dio.ide,So.)测定技术和气象观测手段,同步获取了鼎湖山天然针阔叶混交林群落优势树种水分利用、生物特征、环境So.浓度及相关气象因子。根据水汽与痕量气体通过气孔双向交换的耦合关系,定量计算鼎湖山针阔叶混交林中针叶树种马尾松(Pinus masso.iana,Pm)及阔叶树种锥栗(Castano.sis chinensis,Cc)、木荷(Schima superba,Ss)、华润楠(Machilus chinensis,Mc)4种优势树种的冠层气孔So.导度(GSo.)、So.吸收通量(FSo.)及累积吸收量(F So.,st),并分析其特征。结果表明,在日尺度上,日间So.浓度和GSo.最大值时间基本重叠,各树种在正午前后出现最大吸收;在季节尺度上,So.浓度干季(10—翌年3月)平均浓度为10.11 nL·L^-1,高于湿季(4—9月)的5.45 nL·L^-1。4个树种G So.在湿季显著高于干季(Po.在干季高于湿季(Po.,st分别为2.16和2.50 mmo.·m^-2,高于马尾松(1.70 mmo.·m^-2)和木荷(1.91 mmo.·m^-2)。优势树种对大气So.的气孔吸收行为主要受水汽压亏缺(vapo. pressure deficit,VPD)、光合有效辐射(pho.o.ynthetically active radiatio.,PAR)和So.浓度等因素影响。该研究可为评估珠三角地区针阔叶混交林乃至粤港澳大湾区森林的So.吸收通量提供参考,为定量计算该地区环境的变化奠定基础。

关键词：树干液流针阔叶混交林冠层气孔导度二氧化硫痕量气体

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To.ards an Effective Co.municatio. in the Care o. Patients with Lo.g Term Disease in Kenya via Cybernetic—A Systematic Review

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o.en Jo.rnal o. Applied Sciences 2023年第11期13卷 2094-2126页

作者： Christo.her o.uech otieno Martha W. Kiarie Makara Nao.i N. James Grace Mbo.o.Liyai Co.puter Science Daystar University Nairobi Kenya

In this paper, to.effectively treat chro.ic diso.ders and impro.e the standard o. care, effective co.municatio. between patients and healthcare pro.essio.als was essential. The aim o. the study was to.review the literature o. ho. go.d co.municatio. might impro.e treatment o.tco.es fo. Kenyan patients with chro.ic and terminal illnesses and to.determine whether Cybernetic electro.ic co.municatio. can impro.e tho.e o.tco.es even mo.e. We unco.ered the histo.y o. treatment o.tco.es fo. chro.ic and terminal diseases in this research study, bo.h with and witho.t co.municatio. at the co.e o. the patient’s care plan. We discussed the impo.tance o. go.d co.municatio. in the treatment o. patients with chro.ic and terminal illnesses and why it is a mo.ento.s endeavo. co.parable to.medical diagno.is and treatment fo. the lo.g-term health o. patients. To.lo.ate pertinent material fo. the backgro.nd literature study, we carried o.t a co.prehensive literature search. Altho.gh the preliminary literature review was a co.tinuatio. o. the intro.uctio. research, it also.highlighted the paucity o. lo.al Kenyan literature and suggested that impro.ed co.municatio. might help patients with chro.ic and terminal illnesses have better treatment o.tco.e. Metho.o.o.y maintained the literature search, as a systematic literature review fo.used o. co.e o. the study, making separate sectio.s o. the same bo.y necessary. This ensured that a metho.o.o.ical literature search sectio. is as co.prehensive as po.sible. We used an integrated PRISM mo.el to.limit a co.prehensive literature search and a systematic literature review design as part o. the o.erall pro.ess. No.-pro.ability sampling and sno.ball appro.ches o. literary papers o.er the previo.s 17 years were used in this arrangement. Since this was a multidisciplinary study, the fo.r experts who.also.serve as autho.s were cho.en fro. within their respective fields o. expertise to.design the study. They created search strategies, generated key wo.ds

关键词： A Preliminary Literature Review Meta-Analysis Indigeno.s Cancer Palliative Care o.to.o.y Epistemo.o.y Pheno.eno.o.ical Appro.ch Effective Co.municatio. Chro.ic Illnesses Enhanced-Patient Care A No.-Pro.ability Sampling A Sno. Ball Technique Cybernetics

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