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The Impact of an Evidence-Based Bundle on Cesarean Section-Related Surgical Site Infections:A Randomized Clinical Trial

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Maternal-Fetal Medicine 2024年第2期6卷 70-77页

作者： Aditya Gan romana khursheed Mahadevi Savanur Anita Dalal Arif Maldar Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Jawaharlal Nehru Medical CollegeKLE Academy of Higher Education and ResearchBelagaviKarnataka 590009India Department of Medicine Jawaharlal Nehru Medical CollegeKLE Academy of Higher Education and ResearchBelagavi 590010India.

Objective To compare the effectiveness of an evidence-based bundle in minimizing cesarean section(CS)-related surgical site infections(SSIs)with that of standard routine care.Methods This was a single-center,parallel,and randomized clinical trial conducted at KAHER’s Dr.Prabhakar Kore Charitable Hospital,Belagavi,India,from January 2021 to December 31,2021.Three hundred twenty women undergoing CS delivery were selected and allocated into two groups(1:1)using simple randomization with fixed allocation.An evidence-based surgical bundle(a combination of more than three perioperative interventions)was used for the intervention group,whereas the control group received routine standard perioperative care.The primary outcome was the incidence of SSI(superficial,deep,and organ or space SSIs)within 6 weeks postpartum in both groups.Categorical and continuous data were analyzed using appropriate statistical tests with a significance threshold set at P<0.05.Results In this study,16 and 17 participants each from the control and intervention groups,respectively,were lost to follow-up,resulting in a total of 144 and 143 study participants included in the respective groups.Twenty-eight(19.4%)and 14(9.8%)women developed SSI in the control and intervention groups,respectively(P=0.02).Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus was the most common cause of SSI in both groups(63.6%(7/11)and 100%(3/3)in the control and intervention groups,respectively).Conclusion The use of the evidence-based bundle for CS-related SSI prevention effectively decreased the incidence of SSI by half compared to standard routine practice.Implementing the use of this bundle in routine perioperative care will reduce the cost of CS and improve health outcomes in CS.

关键词： Cesarean section Bundle approach Infection prevention bundle Surgical site infections Evidence-based bundle

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Ce掺杂浓度对Ce,Ca:Lu_(3)Al_(5)O_(12)陶瓷闪烁性能的影响

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硅酸盐学报 2024年第3期52卷 755-764页

作者：朱丹阳蔡金伶 BEITLEROVA Alena KUCERKOVA romana CHEWPRADITKUL Weerapong NIKL Martin 李江中国科学院上海硅酸盐研究所上海201899 中国科学院大学北京100049 上海大学上海200072 捷克科学院物理研究所捷克布拉格16200 泰国国王科技大学泰国曼谷10140

以共沉淀纳米粉体为原料,制备不同Ce掺杂浓度的x%(摩尔分数)Ce,0.15%Ca:Lu_(3)Al_(5)O_(12)(Ce,Ca:LuAG,x=0.1~0.5)闪烁陶瓷。在分析了Ce,Ca:Lu AG陶瓷的相组成和微观结构的基础上,研究了其闪烁特性与Ce浓度的关系,包括X射线激发发射光... 详细信息

以共沉淀纳米粉体为原料,制备不同Ce掺杂浓度的x%(摩尔分数)Ce,0.15%Ca:Lu_(3)Al_(5)O_(12)(Ce,Ca:LuAG,x=0.1~0.5)闪烁陶瓷。在分析了Ce,Ca:Lu AG陶瓷的相组成和微观结构的基础上,研究了其闪烁特性与Ce浓度的关系,包括X射线激发发射光谱、光致发光衰减、闪烁衰减、光产额及快分量、余辉。当Ce浓度超过0.3%时,光致发光衰减的加速证实了浓度猝灭的发生。Ce,Ca:LuAG陶瓷的X射线激发发射强度和光产额在Ce浓度为0.3%时达到最大值。随着Ce浓度的增加,陶瓷的余辉水平逐渐降低。最后讨论了Ce,Ca:LuAG闪烁陶瓷的制备和性能优化的策略。

关键词：铈钙镥铝石榴石陶瓷闪烁性能共沉淀法

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Ce掺杂浓度对Ce，Ca:LuAlO陶瓷闪烁性能的影响(英文)

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硅酸盐学报 2024年

作者：朱丹阳蔡金伶 BEITLEROVA Alena KUCERKOVA romana CHEWPRADITKUL Weerapong NIKL Martin 李江中国科学院上海硅酸盐研究所捷克科学院物理研究所中国科学院大学泰国国王科技大学上海大学

以共沉淀纳米粉体为原料，制备不同Ce掺杂浓度的x% (摩尔分数) Ce，0.15%Ca:Lu3Al5O12(Ce，Ca:LuAG， x=0.1～0.5)闪烁陶瓷。在分析了Ce，Ca:LuAG陶瓷的相组成和微观结构的基础上，研究了其闪烁特性与Ce浓度的关系，包括X射线激发发射... 详细信息

以共沉淀纳米粉体为原料，制备不同Ce掺杂浓度的x% (摩尔分数) Ce，0.15%Ca:Lu3Al5O12(Ce，Ca:LuAG， x=0.1～0.5)闪烁陶瓷。在分析了Ce，Ca:LuAG陶瓷的相组成和微观结构的基础上，研究了其闪烁特性与Ce浓度的关系，包括X射线激发发射光谱、光致发光衰减、闪烁衰减、光产额及快分量、余辉。当Ce浓度超过0.3%时，PL衰减的加速证实了浓度猝灭的发生。Ce，Ca:LuAG陶瓷的X射线激发发射强度和光产额在Ce浓度为0.3%时达到最大值。随着Ce浓度的增加，陶瓷的余辉水平逐渐降低。最后讨论了Ce，Ca:LuAG闪烁陶瓷的制备和性能优化的策略。

关键词：铈，钙镥铝石榴石陶瓷闪烁性能共沉淀法

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碳水化合物酶对家禽生长性能和肠道健康的影响

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国外畜牧学（猪与禽） 2024年第2期44卷 110-112页

作者：王晶晶(译) 王丽萍(译) 夏俊花(审) Ahmad Raza Saira Bashir romana Tabassum 不详

家禽可提供优质的蛋白质和微量营养物质。在家禽生产中,饲料是主要的投入品,其成本占总生产成本的70%~75%。家禽的饲料主要由谷物组成,能为家禽提供所需的能量。然而,这些谷物含有不同水平的抗营养因子,如非淀粉多糖。由于家禽自身缺乏... 详细信息

家禽可提供优质的蛋白质和微量营养物质。在家禽生产中,饲料是主要的投入品,其成本占总生产成本的70%~75%。家禽的饲料主要由谷物组成,能为家禽提供所需的能量。然而,这些谷物含有不同水平的抗营养因子,如非淀粉多糖。由于家禽自身缺乏重要的内源性酶(碳水化合物酶),无法消化这些非淀粉多糖,从而会增加肠道食糜的黏度,影响营养物质的运输和吸收。这些非淀粉多糖还可通过引起肠道微生物群对可消化营养物质的竞争增加家禽感染有害微生物的机会。这不仅会影响家禽的健康,还会增加生产成本。因此,找到效率高和起作用的解决方法极为重要。在非淀粉多糖含量高的日粮中添加碳水化合物酶是解决方案之一,对家禽生产具有重要的作用。多年来,饲用酶一直被用于提高动物消化率和生产性能,但对某些饲料原料的活性有限。新一代碳水化合物酶具有广泛的活性和稳定性,有助于降解日粮中复杂的底物,提高家禽的生产性能。本综述总结了使用碳水化合物酶改善家禽生产性能和肠道健康的最新研究成果。

关键词：营养学兽医学生理学微生物学结构生物学生物技术

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Evolutionary importance of the relationship between cytogeography and climate:New insights on creosote bushes from North and South America

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Plant Diversity 2022年第5期44卷 492-498页

作者： Romina Vidal-Russell Mariana Tadey romana Urfusova Tomás Urfus Cintia Paola Souto Laboratorio Ecotono-INIBIOMA(CONICET-UNComahue) Quintral1250BarilocheRío NegroArgentina Department of Botany Faculty of ScienceCharles UniversityBenátská212800PragueCzech Republic

Relationships between genome size and environmental variables suggest that DNA content might be adaptive and of evolutionary importance in plants.The genus Larrea provides an interesting system to test this hypothesis,since it shows both intra-and interspecific variation in genome size.Larrea has an amphitropical distribution in North and South American deserts,where it is most speciose.Larrea tridentata in North America shows a gradient of increasing autopolyploidy;while three of the four studied South American species are diploids,Larrea divaricata,Larrea nitida,Larrea ameghinoi,and the fourth is an allopolyploid,Larrea cuneifolia.We downloaded available focal species’georeferenced records from seven data reservoirs.We used these records to extract biologically relevant environmental variables from WorldClim at 30 arc seconds scale,to have a broad characterization of the variable climatic conditions of both regions,and a climatic envelope for each species.We estimated relative DNA content index and relative monoploid genome values,by flow cytometry,of four most abundant Larrea species throughout their respective ranges.Then we winnow the bioclimatic dataset down to uncorrelated variables and sampled locales,to analyse the degree of association between both intra-and interspecific relative DNA content and climatic variables that are functionally relevant in arid environments using Pearson correlations,general linear and mixed effects models.Within the genus Larrea,relative DNA content increases with rising temperature and decreases with rising precipitation.At the intraspecific level,all four species show relative DNA content variation across climatic conditions.Larrea is a genus that shows genome size variation correlated with climate.Our results are also consistent with the hypothesis that extreme environmental pressures may have facilitated repeated whole genome duplication events in North America,while in South America,reticulate evolution,as allopolyploidization,and speciation might have been climate-depend

关键词： DNA content Drylands Genome size Jarilla Larrea Zygophyllaceae

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Effect of Particle Orientation on Heat Transfer in Arrays of Prolate Particles

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2023年第8期136卷 1509-1526页

作者： romana Basit Xinyang Li Zheqing Huang Qiang Zhou School of Chemical Engineering and Technology Xi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’anChina State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’anChina

Direct Numerical Simulations have been carried out to study the forced convection heat transfer of flow through fixed prolate particles for a variety of aspect ratios ar={5/4,5/3,5/1}with Reynolds number(Re)up to 100.Three variations of the solid volume fraction c={0.1,0.2,0.3}with four Hermans orientation factors S={−0.5,0,0.5,1}are studied.It has been found that changes in S cause prominent variations in the Nusselt number.In general,Nusselt number increases with the decrease of S.For all three aspect ratios,the Nusselt number remains a linear function of S at different c and Re.Therefore,it is concluded that,for heat transfer from prolate muti-particle system,the effects of orientations cannot be ignored.A new correlation for Nusselt number has been developed for arrays of prolate particles using the simulation data as a function of Re,c,S and ar.

关键词： Direct Numerical Simulation heat transfer lattice Boltzmann method particle orientations prolate particles

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Viral hepatitis and hepatocellular carcinoma:From molecular pathways to the role of clinical surveillance and antiviral treatment

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2022年第21期28卷 2251-2281页

作者： Leonardo Stella Francesco Santopaolo Antonio Gasbarrini Maurizio Pompili Francesca romana Ponziani Internal Medicine and Gastroenterology Hepatology UnitFondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCSRome 00168Italy

Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)is a global health challenge.Due to the high prevalence in low-income countries,hepatitis B virus(HBV)and hepatitis C virus infections remain the main risk factors for HCC occurrence,despite the increasing frequencies of non-viral etiologies.In addition,hepatitis D virus coinfection increases the oncogenic risk in patients with HBV infection.The molecular processes underlying HCC development are complex and various,either independent from liver disease etiology or etiology-related.The reciprocal interlinkage among non-viral and viral risk factors,the damaged cellular microenvironment,the dysregulation of the immune system and the alteration of gutliver-axis are known to participate in liver cancer induction and progression.Oncogenic mechanisms and pathways change throughout the natural history of viral hepatitis with the worsening of liver fibrosis.The high risk of cancer incidence in chronic viral hepatitis infected patients compared to other liver disease etiologies makes it necessary to implement a proper surveillance,both through clinical-biochemical scores and periodic ultrasound assessment.This review aims to outline viral and microenvironmental factors contributing to HCC occurrence in patients with chronic viral hepatitis and to point out the importance of surveillance programs recommended by international guidelines to promote early diagnosis of HCC.

关键词： Hepatitis C virus Hepatitis B virus Hepatitis D virus Hepatocellular carcinoma Cirrhosis Liver

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Influence of environmental predispositions on temperate mountain forest damage at different spatial scales during alternating drought and flood periods:case study in Hruby Jeseník Mts.(Czech Republic)

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Journal of Mountain Science 2022年第7期19卷 1931-1944页

作者： Pavel SAMEC romana KUDELKOVA Petr LUKES Ales KUCERA Pavel CUDLIN Global Change Research Institute CAS Bělidla 986/4aBrnoCZ-60300Czech Republic Department of Geology and Soil Science Faculty of Forestry and Wood TechnologyMendel University in BrnoZemědělská3BRNOCZ-61300Czech Republic Department of Geoinformatics Faculty of SciencePalacky University Olomouc17.listopadu 50OlomoucCZ-77900Czech Republic

Mountain forests are more prone to environmental predispositions(EPs)than submountain ones.While remote sensing of mountain forests enables instantaneous damage mapping,the investigation of the causes requires field data.However,a local field or regionally modeled environmental characteristics influence remote data evaluation differently.This study focused on the evaluation of EPs effects damaging mountain forests between various spatial resolutions during environmental change.The evaluation was divided into managed and natural forests in the Hruby Jeseník Mts.(Czech Republic;240-1491 m a.s.l.;50.082°N,17.231°E).Damage was assessed through the discrimination analysis of the normalised difference vegetation index(NDVI)by MODIS VI during alternating drought and flood periods 2003-2014.The local environmental influence was assessed using the discrimination function(DF)separability of forest damage in the training sets.The regional influence was assessed through map algebra estimated via the DF and a forest decline spatial model based on EPs from differences between risk growth conditions and biomass fuzzy sets.Management,EPs and soil influenced forest NDVI at different levels.The management afflicted the NDVI more than the EPs.The EPs afflicted the NDVI more than the soil groups.Strong winters and droughts had a greater influence on the NDVI than the flood events,with the winter of 2005/2006 inverting the DF direction,and the 2003 drought increasing differences in managed forest biomass and decreasing differences in natural forest biomasses.More than 50% of declining managed forests in the training sets occurred on Leptosols,Podzols and Histosols.On a regional scale,the soil influence was eliminated by multiple predispositions.The EPs influenced 96% of natural forest and 65% of managed forest,though managed forest damage was more evident.The mountain forest NDVI decline was dependent on both management and risk predispositions.

关键词： Mountain environment Forest damage types Canopy density Soil group Norway spruce(Picea abies)

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Immunotherapy for nonalcoholic fatty liver disease-related hepatocellular carcinoma:Lights and shadows

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2022年第9期14卷 1622-1636页

作者： Federico Costante Carlo Airola Francesco Santopaolo Antonio Gasbarrini Maurizio Pompili Francesca romana Ponziani Internal Medicine and Gastroenterology-Hepatology Unit Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCSRoma 00168Italy Catholic University Largo Francesco Vito 100168 RomaItaly

About one-fourth of adults globally suffer from nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD), which is becoming a leading cause of chronic liver disease worldwide. Its prevalence has rapidly increased in recent years, and is projected to increase even more. NAFLD is a leading cause of hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC), the sixth-most prevalent cancer worldwide and the fourth most common cause of cancer-related death. Although the molecular basis of HCC onset in NAFLD is not completely known, inflammation is a key player. The tumor microenvironment(TME) is heterogeneous in patients with HCC, and is characterized by complex interactions between immune system cells, tumor cells and other stromal and resident liver cells. The etiology of liver disease plays a role in controlling the TME and modulating the immune response. Markers of immune suppression in the TME are associated with a poor prognosis in several solid tumors. Immunotherapy with immune checkpoint inhibitors(ICIs) has become the main option for treating cancers, including HCC. However, meta-analyses have shown that patients with NAFLD-related HCC are less likely to benefit from therapy based on ICIs alone. Conversely, the addition of an angiogenesis inhibitor showed better results regarding the objective response rate and progression-free survival. Adjunctive diagnostic and therapeutic strategies, such as the application of novel biomarkers and the modulation of gut microbiota, should be considered in the future to guide personalized medicine and improve the response to ICIs in patients with NAFLD-related HCC.

关键词： Hepatocellular carcinoma Immunotherapy Liver cancer Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease Metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease Obesity

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The first cavefish in the Dinaric Karst?Cave colonization made possible by phenotypic plasticity in Telestes karsticus

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Zoological Research 2023年第4期44卷 821-833页

作者： MateoČupić Zoran Marčić Marko Lukić romana Gračan Helena Bilandžija Division of Molecular Biology Ruđer BoškovićInstituteZagreb 10000Croatia Department of Biology Faculty of ScienceZagreb 10000Croatia Croatian Biospeleological Society Zagreb 10000Croatia

Cave animals are an excellent model system for studying adaptive evolution.At present,however,little is known about the mechanisms that enable surface colonizers to survive in the challenging environment of caves.One possibility is that these species have the necessary genetic background to respond with plastic changes to the pressures of underground habitats.To gain insight into this process,we conducted a comparative study with the fish species Telestes karsticus,which occurs in a hydrological system consisting of an interconnected stream and a cave.Results showed that T.karsticus resided year-round and spawned in Sušik cave,making it the first known cavefish in the Dinaric Karst.Cave and surface populations differed in morphological and physiological characteristics,as well as in patterns of gene expression without any evidence of genetic divergence.To test whether observed trait differences were plastic or genetic,we placed adult fish from both populations under light/dark or constant dark conditions.Common laboratory conditions erased all morphometric differences between the two morphs,suggesting phenotypic plasticity is driving the divergence of shape and size in wild fish.Lighter pigmentation and increased fat deposition exhibited by cave individuals were also observed in surface fish kept in the dark in the laboratory.Our study also revealed that specialized cave traits were not solely attributed to developmental plasticity,but also arose from adult responses,including acclimatization.Thus,we conclude that T.karsticus can adapt to cave conditions,with phenotypic plasticity playing an important role in the process of cave colonization.

关键词： Maladaptive and adaptive phenotypic plasticity Troglobionts and stygobionts Endemic leuciscid fish Acclimatization European cavefish Cave adaptations Gene expression differences

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