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k.owledge and Attitudes of Nurses Work.ng at k.ng Abdulaziz University Hospital toward Cancer Pain Management

Open Journal of Nursing 2016年第4期6卷 274-281页

作者： rolina k. al-wassia Department of Radiology King Abdulaziz University Hospital Jeddah Saudi Arabia

Objective: This survey aims to identify the levels of k.owledge and attitudes among nurses regarding cancer pain management. Methods: This cross-sectional survey was undertak.n at k.ng Abdulaziz University Hospital, Jeddah, between September 4 and September 27, 2015. The survey instrument was a pre-set questionnaire comprising 39 closed-ended format questions. Participants were ask.d questions to assess their k.owledge and attitudes about cancer pain management and adherence to frequent misconceptions regarding opioid therapy. The chi-square test was used to compare differences between variables. Results: One hundred twenty-eight questionnaires were completed and analyzed. A mean sample score of 41.3% was achieved on pain-related k.owledge questions. The average score on all 39 questions was 16.1 ± 4.6 (range, 0 - 24). Nurses on the male medical ward were most k.owledgeable compared with those on other wards (p p p p p = 0.002). Conclusion: Optimization of inpatient supportive procedures should be a specific task.at k.ng Abdulaziz University Hospital until an oncology unit with nurses specialized in cancer care is established.

关键词： Attitude Break.hrough Cancer Pain Cancer k.owledge Nurse Pain Management

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Economic and Political Determinants of FDI: Case of Chinese FDI to Russia

Economic and Political Determinants of FDI: Case of Chinese ...

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作者： Irina rolina 上海交通大学

学位级别：硕士

This paper studies FDI economic and political determinants in the national level framework.of China-Russia investment and economic cooperation issues.Opposite to the major belief,this research found that in China-Russia case political determinants provide stronger guidance for the economic cooperation between two countries than the economic determinants.This paper verified economic and political variables and developed a comprehensive statistical model for Chinese FDI to Russia.Our empirical results suggest that among economic variables the significant effect have: refinancing rate;inflation,GDP deflator;GDP per capita,PPP;GDP;global competitiveness index.Among political variables the significant influence have: government efficiency estimate;regulatory quality index;fragile state index;rule of law index;democracy index.Variables analysis shows that Chinese FDI to Russia is motivated by political stability and effective governance factors first while some economic back.round factors also tak.n into account.The outcome of the research can have important applications for Russian economy in recovering from economic crisis by providing determinants predicting China FDI to Russia.

关键词：中国对外合作俄罗斯外商直接投资经济因素政治因素

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