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面向城市交通噪声控制的树种筛选与种植策略

应用声学 2024年第4期43卷 843-853页

作者：李朦朦 Timothy van Renterghem 孟琪 dick Botteldooren 康健哈尔滨工业大学建筑与设计学院寒地城乡人居环境科学与技术工业和信息化部重点实验室哈尔滨150001 比利时根特大学工程与建筑学院信息技术系Waves研究组根特9052 英国伦敦大学学院环境设计与工程学院伦敦WC1H 0NN

植物降噪是一种减碳且低成本的降噪方式,可有效改善城市声环境。然而现存植物降噪影响因素与预测模型主要集中在植物群落层面,忽略了树种间差异在不同频率噪声控制过程中的重要作用,难以满足城市交通噪声有效防控的需求。基于此,该研究... 详细信息

植物降噪是一种减碳且低成本的降噪方式,可有效改善城市声环境。然而现存植物降噪影响因素与预测模型主要集中在植物群落层面,忽略了树种间差异在不同频率噪声控制过程中的重要作用,难以满足城市交通噪声有效防控的需求。基于此,该研究以植物树干为切入点,提出一种量化树干与树皮粗糙度的方法,针对交通噪声频谱特征系统测量13种树种的吸收作用,并模拟降噪效果。研究首先测得树干吸声系数的频谱特征,确定了树干主要吸声频率范围与交通噪声频率分布具备较好的一致性;其次,从树种视角分析视觉因素与测试获取因素两个层面对树干吸声效果有影响的主要因素;最后,通过模拟对比分析15 m宽植物带种植不同树种的降噪效果,发现相差∼0.9 dBA,证明了种植吸声系数高的树种对交通噪声控制的有效性。以期从树形、树干吸声效果、树种生长速度以及种植方式等方面,提出应对城市交通噪声污染的树种筛选依据与设计策略。

关键词：噪声控制交通噪声吸声系数自然降噪途径

Low-temperature catalytic methane deep oxidation over sol-gel derived mesoporous hausmannite (Mn_(3)O_(4)) spherical particles

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ChemPhysMater

ChemPhysMater 2024年第3期3卷 329-340页

作者： Patrick Ndouka Ndouka Stephane Kenmoe Jacques Richard Mache Elie Acayanka dick Hartmann Douma Ralph Gebauer Patrick Mountapmbeme Kouotou Department of Chemistry Faculty of SciencesUniversity of MarouaP.O.Box 814 MarouaCameroon Department of Theoretical Chemistry University of Duisburg-EssenD-45141 EssenGermany Department of Mining Engineering School of Geology and Mining EngineeringUniversity of NgaoundéréP.O.Box 115 MeigangaCameroon Department of Inorganic Chemistry Faculty of ScienceUniversity of YaoundéIP.O.Box 812 YaoundéCameroon Groupe de Simulations Numériques en Magnétisme et Catalyse Facultédes Sciences et TechniquesUniversitéMarien NgouabiB.P.69 BrazzavilleCongo The Abdus Salam International Centre for Theoretical Physics(ICTP) 34151 TriesteItaly National Advanced School of Engineering of Maroua University of MarouaP.O.Box 46 MarouaCameroon Higher Institute of Agriculture WoodWater and EnvironmentUniversity of EbolowaP.O.Box 118 EbolowaCameroon

In this study,Mn_(3)O_(4) spherical particles(SPs)were synthesized by the sol-gel process,after which they were thermally annealed at 400℃,and comprehensively characterized.X-ray Diffraction(XRD)revealed that Mn_(3)O_(4) exhibited a tetragonal spinel structure,and Fourier transformed infrared(FTIR)spectroscopy identified surfaceadsorbed functional *** electron microscopy(SEM)and the specific surface area analyses by Brunauer−Emmett−Teller(BET)revealed a porous,homogeneous surface composed of strongly agglomerated spherical grains with an estimated average particle size of∼35 nm,which corresponded to a large specific surface area of∼81.5 m^(2)/g.X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS)analysis indicated that Mn_(3)O_(4) was composed of metallic cations(Mn^(4+),Mn_(3)+,and Mn^(2+))and oxygen species(O_(2)−,OH−and CO_(3)2−).The optical bandgap energy is∼2.55 *** of the catalytic performance of the Mn_(3)O_(4) SPs indicated T90 conversion of CH4 to CO_(2) and H2O at 398℃ for gas hourly space velocity(GHSV)of 72000 mL^(3) g^(−1) h^(−1).This observed performance can be attributed to the cooperative effects of the smallest spherical grain size with a mesoporous structure,which is responsible for the larger specific surface area and available surface-active oxygenated *** cooperative effect of the good reducibility,higher ratio of active species(OLat/OAds),and results of density functional theory(DFT)calculations suggested that the total oxidation of CH4 over the mesoporous Mn_(3)O_(4) SPs might take place via a two-term process in which both the Langmuir−Hinshelwood and Mars−van Krevelen mechanisms are cooperatively involved.

关键词： Sol-gel Manganese oxide Catalytic oxidation Methane Langmuir−Hinshelwood mechanism Mars−van Krevelen route Two−term process

Hydro-pyrolysis of lignocellulosic biomass over alumina supported Platinum, Mo2C and WC catalysts

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Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2018年第1期12卷 155-161页

作者： Songbo He Jeffrey Boom rolf van der Gaast K. Seshan Catalytic Processes and Materials Faculty of Science & Technology University of Twente 7500 AE Enschede The Netherlands

In-line hydro-treatment of bio-oil vapor from fast pyrolysis of lignocellulosic biomass （hydro-pyrolysis of biomass） is studied as a method of upgrading the liquefied bio-oil for a possible precursor to green fuels. The nobel metal （Pt） and non-noble metal catalysts （Mo2C and WC） were compared at 500 ℃ and atmospheric pressure which are same as the reaction conditions for fast pyrolysis of biomass. Results indicated that under the pyrolysis conditions, the major components, such as acids and carbonyls, of the fast pyrolysis bio-oil can be completely and partially hydrogenated to form hydrocarbons, an ideal fossil fuel blend, in the hydro-treated bio-oil. The carbide catalysts perform equally well as the Pt catalyst regarding to the aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbon formation （ca. 60%）, showing the feasibility of using the cheap non-noble catalysts for hydro-pyrolysis of biomass.

关键词： bio-oil pyrolysis hydro-deoxygenation (HDO) non-noble metal catalysts hydro-treatment

Molecular mechanisms of heavy metal tolerance and evolution in invertebrates

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Insect Science 2009年第1期16卷 3-18页

作者： Thierry K. S. Janssens dick Roelofs Nico M. van Straalen Department of Animal Ecology Institute of Ecological Science VU University Amsterdam The Netherlands

Following the genomics revolution, our knowledge of the molecular mechanisms underlying defenses against stress has been greatly expanded. Under strong selective pressure many animals may evolve an enhanced stress tolerance. This can be achieved by altering the structure of proteins （through mutations in the coding regions of genes） or by altering the amount of protein （through changes in transcriptional regulation）. The latter type of evolution can be achieved by substitutions in the promoter of the gene of interest （cisregulatory change） or by altering the structure or amount of transcriptional regulator proteins （trans-regulatory change）. The metallothionein system is one of the best studied stress response systems in the context of heavy metals. Metallothionein expression is assumed to be regulated by metal transcription factor 1 （MTF-1）; however, up to now the involvement of MTF- 1 has only been proven for some vertebrates and Drosophila. Data on invertebrates such as nematodes and earthworms suggest that other mechanisms of metallothionein induction may be present. A detailed study of Cd tolerance was done for a species of soilliving springtail, Orchesella cincta. The metallothionein gene of this species is overexpressed in metal-exposed field populations. Analysis of the metallothionein promoter has demon- strated extensive polymorphisms that have a fimctional significance, as shown in bioreporter assays. In a study comparing 20 different populations, the frequency of a high-expresser promoter allele was positively correlated with the concentration of metals in soil, especially Cd. The springtail study shows that cis-regulatory change of genes involved in the cellular stress response may contribute to evolution of metal tolerance.

关键词： Collembola evolution heavy metals metallothionein metal transcription factor 1 Orchesella cincta tolerance

The impact of prehospital blood sampling on the emergency department process of patients with chest pain:a pragmatic non-randomized controlled trial

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World Journal of Emergency Medicine 2023年第4期14卷 257-264页

作者： Johan L.van Nieuwkerk M.Christien van der Linden rolf J.Verheul Merel van Loon-van Gaalen Marije Janmaat Naomi van der Linden Emergency Department Haaglanden Medical Centre&Emergency Medical Services Haaglandenthe Hague 2501 CBthe Netherlands Research and Development Haaglanden Medical Centrethe Hague 2501 CKthe Netherlands Laboratory Services Haaglanden Medical Centrethe Hague 2501 CKthe Netherlands Emergency Department Haaglanden Medical Centrethe Hague 2501 CKthe Netherlands Faculty of Health University of Applied Sciences LeidenLeiden 2300 AJthe Netherlands Faculty of Technology Policy and ManagementDelft University of TechnologyDelft 2628 BXthe Netherlands

BACKGROUND:In patients with chest pain who arrive at the emergency department(ED)by ambulance,venous access is frequently established prehospital,and could be utilized to sample *** blood sampling may save time in the diagnostic *** this study,the association of prehospital blood draw with blood sample arrival times,troponin turnaround times,and ED length of stay(LOS),number of blood sample mix-ups and blood sample quality were ***:The study was conducted from October 1,2019 to February 29,*** patients who were transported to the ED with acute chest pain with low suspicion for acute coronary syndrome(ACS),outcomes were compared between cases,in whom prehospital blood draw was performed,and controls,in whom blood was drawn at the *** analyses were used to assess the association of prehospital blood draw with the time ***:Prehospital blood draw was performed in 100 *** 406 patients,blood draw was performed at the *** blood draw was independently associated with shorter blood sample arrival times,shorter troponin turnaround times and decreased LOS(P0.05).CONCLUSION:For patients with acute chest pain with low suspicion for ACS,prehospital blood sampling is associated with shorter time intervals,while there were no significant differences between the two groups in the validity of the blood samples.

关键词： Blood specimen collection Crowding Emergency medical services Troponin

Quanti?cation of Tyrosine Hydroxylase and Erb B4 in the Locus Coeruleus of Mood Disorder Patients Using a Multispectral Method to Prevent Interference with Immunocytochemical Signals by Neuromelanin

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Neuroscience Bulletin 2019年第2期35卷 205-215页

作者： Lei Guo Jochem StormmesAND Zheng Fang Qingbin Zhu Rawien Balesar Joop van Heerikhuize Arja Sluiter dick Swaab Ai-Min Bao Department of Neurobiology and Department of Neurology of the Second Affiliated Hospital Institute of NeuroscienceNHC and CAMS Key Laboratory of Medical NeurobiologyZhejiang University School of Medicine Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience Institute of the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences Department of Neurology Sir Run Run Shaw HospitalZhejiang University School of Medicine

The locus coeruleus(LC) has been studied in major depressive disorder(MDD) and bipolar disorder(BD). A major problem of immunocytochemical studies in the human LC is interference with the staining of the immunocytochemical end-product by the omnipresent natural brown pigment neuromelanin. Here, we used a multispectral method to untangle the two colors: blue immunocytochemical staining and brown *** found significantly increased tyrosine hydroxylase(TH) in the LC of MDD patients—thus validating the method—but not in BD patients, and we did not find significant changes in the receptor tyrosine-protein kinase ErbB4 in the LC in MDD or BD patients. We observed clear co-localization of ErbB4, TH, and neuromelanin in the LC neurons. The different stress-related molecular changes in the LC may contribute to the different clinical symptoms in MDD and BD.

关键词： Major depressive disorder Bipolar disorder Tyrosine hydroxylase ErbB4 Locus coeruleus

DDB Greater China Group

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中国广告 2011年第3期 25-26页

作者： dick van Motman DDBGreaterChinaGroup总裁兼首席执行官

在2010年中，你们得到了哪些收获，做成了哪些值得您记忆和书写的事情？

关键词：企业文化人才培养业务增长创意

Misdiagnosis of tuberculosis and the clinical relevance of nontuberculous mycobacteria in Zambia

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2010年第5期3卷 386-391页

作者： Patricia CAM Buijtels Michael D Iseman Shelagh Parkinson Cas S de Graaff Henri A Verbrugh Pieter LC Petit dick van Soolingen Medical Centre Rijnmond-Zuid RotterdamThe Netherlands Erasmus MC University Medical Center RotterdamRotterdamThe Netherlands National Jewish Medical and Research Center DenverUSA St.Francis Hospital KateteZambia Medical Centre Alkmaar AlkmaarThe Netherlands Vlietland Hospital SchiedamThe Netherlands National Institute for Public Health and the Environment BilthovenThe Netherlands Radboud University Nijmegen NijmegenThe Netherlands

Objective:To determine the accuracy of TB diagnosis of TB in Zambia in the era of increasing HIV ***:Sputum of the clinically diagnosed TB cases was additionally subjected to liquid culture and molecular *** study distinguished between TB cases confirmed by positive Mycobacterium tuberculosis(***) cultures and mycobacterial disease caused by non-tuberculous mycobacteria(NTM).Results:Only 49% of the 173 presumptively diagnosed TB cases was *** cultured,while in 13% (22) cases,a combination of *** and NTM was *** 18% of the patients only NTM were *** 28% ,no mycobacteria was *** positive status was correlated with the isolation of NTM(Pvant to the false diagnosis of TB in Zambia.

关键词： Tuberculosis Diagnosis Liquid culture Non-tuberculous mycobacteria Zambia

A Novel Pyrrololactam Alkaloid from the South China Sea Sponge Phacellia Fusca Schmidt

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Chemical Research in Chinese Universities 1991年第3期7卷 178-180页

作者： Florecita De Guzman Francis J. Schmitz M. Bilayet Hossain dick van der Helm Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry Uawersity of Oklahoma Norman USA Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry Uawersity of Oklahoma Norman USADepartment of Chemistry and Biochemistry Uawersity of Oklahoma Norman USADepartment of Chemistry and Biochemistry Uawersity of Oklahoma Norman USA

Pyrrololactam type of alkaloids was found in many marine sponges which belong to the family Axinellidae. In the course of our systematic research for bioactive substances in marine organisms, we studied the sponge Phacellia fusca Schmidt which also belongs to the family Axinelldae. From the chloroform-soluble fraction, ten A-nor-sterols were isolated and identified, while from the water-soluble portion, three known pyrrololactam alkaloids and a new pyrrololactam alkaloid, which was named fuscin, were obtained. The present paper contains the isolation and structure determination of fuscin (1).

关键词： Sponge Fuscin Pyrrololactam Alkaloid