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Fast prediction of rain erosion in wind turbine blades using a data-based computational tool

Journal of Hydrodynamics 2024年第3期36卷 504-518页

作者： Juan M.Gimenez Sergio r.Idelsohn Eugenio Oñate Centre Internacional de Mètodes Numèrics en Enginyeria(CIMNE) Edifici C1 Campus Nord UPC C/Gran CapitàS/NBarcelonaSpain

Wind turbines(WTs)face a high risk of failure due to environmental factors like erosion,particularly in high-precipitation areas and offshore *** this paper we introduce a novel computational tool for the fast prediction of rain erosion damage on WT blades that is useful in operation and maintenance decision making *** approach is as follows:Pseudo-Direct Numerical Simulation(P-DNS)simulations of the droplet-laden flow around the blade section profile are employed to build a high-fidelity data set of impact statistics for potential operating *** this database as training data,a machine learning-based surrogate model provides the feature of the impact pattern over the 2-D section for given wind and rain *** this information,a fatigue-based model estimates the remaining lifetime and erosion damage for both homogeneous and coating-substrate blade *** prediction is done by quantifying the accumulated droplet impact energy and evaluating operative conditions over time periods for which the weather at the installation site is *** this work,we describe the modules that compose the prediction method,namely the database creation,the training of the surrogate model and their coupling to build the prediction ***,the method is applied to predict the remaining lifetime and erosion damage to the blade sections of a reference *** evaluate the reliability of the tool,several site locations(offshore,coastal,and inland),the coating material and the coating thickness of the blade are *** few minutes we are able to estimate erosion after many years of *** results are in good agreement with field observations,showing the promise of the new rain erosion prediction approach.

关键词： Wind turbine blades leading edge erosion fatigue Pseudo-Direct Numerical Simulation(P-DNS) machine learning eblader

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Mantle avalanches in a Venus-like stagnant lid planet

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Earth and Planetary Physics 2024年第5期8卷 686-702页

作者： Madeleine C.Kerr Dave r.Stegman Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics Scripps Institution of Oceanography University of California

Stagnant lid planets are characterized by a globe-encircling, conducting lid that is thick and strong, which leads to reduced global surface heat flows. Consequently, the mantles of such planets can have warmer interiors than Earth, and interestingly, a pyrolitic mantle composition under warmer conditions is predicted to have a distinctly different mantle transition zone compared to the present-day Earth(Hirose, 2002; Stixrude and Lithgow-Bertelloni, 2011; Ichikawa et al., 2014; Dannberg et al, 2022). Instead of olivine primarily transforming into its higher-pressure polymorphs such as wadsleyite and then ringwoodite, at pressures corresponding to410 km and 520 km depth in Earth, respectively, it instead transforms into a mineral assemblage of wadsleyite, majorite, and ferropericlase(WMF), and then to majorite + ferropericlase(MF), before finally transforming into bridgmanite at pressures corresponding to 660 km depth in Earth(Stixrude and Lithgow-Bertelloni, 2011; Ichikawa et al., 2014). Convective motions in stagnant lid planets are dominated by small-scale instabilities(cold drips) forming within the mobile rheological sublayer under the rigid lid. Using ASPECT and a thermodynamic model of a pyrolitic mantle composition generated by HeFESTo, we show that under certain conditions, the small drips can pond atop the WMF-MF mineral phase transition. The barrier to convective flow arises from the WMF mineral phase assemblage having an effective negative thermal expansivity(Stixrude and Lithgow-Bertelloni, 2022). Although large-scale downwellings that typically occur within mobile lid planets are able to pass through the WMF zone without difficulty(Dannberg et al., 2022; Li rP et al.,2024), the smaller and less negatively buoyant nature of downwelling drips in stagnant lid planets are more susceptible to these effects,which leads to an ephemeral layering of the mantle. Our numerical models show that in stagnant lid planets with mantle potential temperatures that exceed

关键词： Venus mantle avalanches numerical modelling phase transitions

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Doubled haploid technology and synthetic apomixis:recent advances and applications in future crop breeding

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Molecular Plant 2024年第7期17卷 1005-1018页

作者： Yanzhi Qu Alisdair r.Fernie Jie Liu Jianbing Yan National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement Huazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan 430070China Hubei Hongshan Laboratory Wuhan 430070China Department of Molecular Physiology Max-Planck-Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology14476 Potsdam-GolmGermany Center of Plant Systems Biology and Biotechnology 4000 PlovdivBulgaria azhouwan National Laboratory Sanya 572024China

Doubled haploid(DH)technology and synthetic apomixis approaches can considerably shorten breeding cycles and enhance breeding *** with traditional breeding methods,DH technology offers the advantage of rapidly generating inbred lines,while synthetic apomixis can effectively fix hybrid *** this review,we focus on(i)recent advances in identifying and characterizing genes responsible for haploid induction(Hl),(ii)the molecular mechanisms of Hl,(ili)spontaneous haploid genome doubling,and(iv)crop synthetic *** also discuss the challenges and potential solutions for future crop breeding programs utilizing DH technology and synthetic ***,we provide our perspectives about how to integrate DH and synthetic apomixis for precision breeding and de novo domestication.

关键词： maize doubled haploid technology haploid induction synthetic apomixis precision breeding

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Limited impacts of occasional tillage on dry aggregate size distribution and soil carbon and nitrogen fractions in semi-arid drylands

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International Soil and Water Conservation research 2024年第1期12卷 96-106页

作者： Wooiklee S.Paye Vesh r.Thapa rajan Ghimire New Mexico State University Agricultural Science CenterClovisNM88101USA New Mexico State University Department of Plant and Environmental SciencesLas CrucesNM88003USA

Tillage management that minimizes the frequency and intensity of soil disturbance can increase soil carbon(C)and nitrogen(N)sequestration and improve the resilience of dryland cropping systems,yet the impact of occasional disturbance on soil aggregate formation and the soil organic carbon(SOC)storage within aggregates has not been studied *** evaluated the effect of four tillage management practices on soil dry aggregate size distribution,aggregate-protected C and N,mineral-associated organic matter carbon(MAOM-C),particulate organic matter carbon(POM-C),and corn(Zea mays L.)and sorghum(Sorghum bicolor(L.)Moench)yields in a semi-arid dryland cropping *** included conventional tillage(CT),strip-tillage(ST),no-tillage(NT),and occasional tillage(OT)management in a corn-sorghum *** macro-aggregates were 51-54%greater under ST,NT,and OT,while small and micro-aggregates were greater in *** tillage reduced soil aggregate-associated C by 28-31%in macro-aggregates and 47-53%in small aggregates at 26 months(M)sampling compared to ST,NT,and *** clay+silt fraction,CT had 14-16%,21-26%,and 36-43%less SOC at 7,14,and 26M samplings,respectively,than ST,NT,and *** associated N was generally similar under ST,NT,and OT,which was greater on average than *** MOAM-C and POM-C under ST,NT,and OT were generally greater than respective SOC fractions under CT at 19 and 26 M after OT *** and sorghum yields were similar among tillage systems in 2020,but greater under ST,NT,and OT than CT in *** results suggest that while frequent intensive tillage can lower SOC and N storage,a single stubble mulch occasional tillage after several years of NT does not lead to soil C and N losses and soil structural instability in semi-arid drylands.

关键词： Conventional tillage Occasional tillage Aggregate associated carbon Mineral associated organic matter carbon(MAOM-C) Particulate organic matter carbon(POM-C)

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On an isotropic porous solid cylinder:the analytical solution and sensitivity analysis of the pressure

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Applied Mathematics and Mechanics(English Edition) 2024年第9期45卷 1499-1522页

作者： H.ASGHArI L.MILLEr r.PENTA J.MErODIO Departamento de Matematica Aplicada a las TIC ETS de Ingenieria de Sistemas InformaticosUniversidad Politecnica de MadridMadrid 28031Spain School of Mathematics and Statistics University of GlasgowGlasgow G128QQU.K.

Within this work,we perform a sensitivity analysis to determine the influence of the material input parameters on the pressure in an isotropic porous solid *** provide a step-by-step guide to obtain the analytical solution for a porous isotropic elastic cylinder in terms of the pressure,stresses,and elastic *** obtain the solution by performing a Laplace transform on the governing equations,which are those of Biot's poroelasticity in cylindrical polar *** enforce radial boundary conditions and obtain the solution in the Laplace transformed domain before reverting back to the time *** sensitivity analysis is then carried out,considering only the derived pressure *** analysis finds that the time t,Biot's modulus M,and Poisson's ratio ν have the highest influence on the pressure whereas the initial value of pressure P_(0) plays a very little role.

关键词： sensitivity analysis Laplace transform cylindrical polar coordinate Biot's modulus cylinder

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Dietary fibre effects and the interplay with exogenous carbohydrases in poultry nutrition

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Animal Nutrition 2024年第1期16卷 231-240页

作者： Michael r.Bedford Birger Svihus Aaron J.Cowieson AB Vista Feed Ingredients Ltd Norwegian University of Life Sciences DSM Nutritional Products

A comprehensive understanding of the role of dietary fibre in non-ruminant animal production is elusive. Equivocal and conflated definitions of fibre coupled with significant analytical complexity,interact with poorly defined host and microbiome relationships. Dietary fibre is known to influence gut development, feed intake and passage rate, nutrient absorption, microbiome taxonomy and function, gut p H, endogenous nutrient loss, environmental sustainability, animal welfare and more. Whilst significant gaps persist in our understanding of fibre in non-ruminant animal production, there is substantial interest in optimizing the fibre fraction of feed to induce high value phenotypes such as improved welfare,live performance and to reduce the environmental footprint of animal production systems. In order to achieve these aspirational goals, it is important to tackle dietary fibre with the same level of scrutiny as is currently done for other critical nutrient classes such as protein, minerals and vitamins. The chemical,mechanical and nutritional role of fibre must be explored at the level of monomeric sugars, oligosaccharides and polysaccharides of varying molecular weight and decoration, and this must be in parallel to standardisation of analytical tools and definitions for speciation. To further complicate subject, exogenous carbohydrases recognise dietary fibre as a focal substrate and have varying capacity to generate lower molecular weight carbohydrates that interact differentially with the host and the enteric microbiome. This short review article will explore the interactive space between dietary fibre and exogenous carbohydrases and will include their nutritional and health effects with emphasis on functional development of the gut, microbiome modulation and host metabolism.

关键词： Fibre Carbohydrase Nutrition Microbiome Gastro-intestinal development Feed

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Soleus arthrogenic muscle inhibition following acute lateral ankle sprain correlates with symptoms and ankle disability but not with postural control

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2024年第4期13卷 559-568,F0003页

作者： Kyung-Min Kim Joo-Sung Kim Alan r.Needle Department of Sport Science Sungkyunkwan UniversitySuwon-si 16419Republic of Korea Department of Health and Human Performance Texas State UniversitySan MarcosTX 78666USA Department of Public Health&Exercise Science Appalachian State UniversityBooneNC 28608USA Department of rehabilitation Science Appalachian State UniversityBooneNC 28608USA

Background:Acute lateral ankle sprains(ALAS)are associated with long-term impairments and instability tied to altered neural *** muscle inhibition(AMI)has been observed in this population;however,relationships with injury-related impairments are unclear,potentially due to the resting,prone position in which AMI is typically *** AMI during bipedal stance may provide a better understanding of this ***:AMI was assessed in 38 young adults(19 ALAS within 72 h of injury:10 males,21.4±2.7 years;19 healthy controls:10 males,21.9±2.2 years;mean±SD)using the Hoffmann reflex(H-reflex)during bipedal *** stimulation was administered to identify the _(max)imal H-reflex(H_(max))and _(max)imal motor response(M_(max))from the soleus,fibularis longus,and tibialis anterior *** primary outcome measure was the H_(max)/M_(max) *** outcomes included acute symptoms(pain and swelling),postural control during bipedal stance,and self-reported ***:No significant group-by-limb interactions were observed for any ***,a significant group main effect was observed in the soleus muscle(F(1,35)=6.82,p=0.013),indicating significantly lower H_(max)/M_(max) ratios following ALAS(0.38±0.20)compared to healthy controls(0.53±0.16).Furthermore,lower H_(max)/M_(max) ratios in the soleus significantly correlated with acute symptoms and self-reported function but not with postural ***:This study supports previous evidence of AMI in patients with ALAS,providing insight into neurophysiologic impacts of musculoskeletal *** results suggest that assessing AMI in a standing position following acute injury may provide valuable insight into how AMI develops and guide potential therapeutic options to curb and offset the formation of joint instability.

关键词： Acute injuries Balance Hoffmann reflex Neural excitability Patient-reported outcomes

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Molecular characterization of an outbreak-involved Bacillus anthracis strain confirms the spillover of anthrax from West Africa

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2024年第1期13卷 93-94页

作者： Shuchao Wang roland Suluku Mohamed B.Jalloh Ahmed F.Samba Baogui Jiang Yubiao Xie Doris Harding Mengyao Zhang Foday Sahr Mahmud E.Sesay James S.Squire Mohamed A.Vandi Moinina N.Kallon Shoufeng Zhang rongliang Hu Yuee Zhao Zhiqiang Mi Changchun Veterinary research Institute Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Changchun China Department of Animal Sciences School of Agriculture and Food Sciences Njala University Njala Sierra Leone Department of Microbiology College of Medicine and Allied Health Sciences University of Sierra Leone Freetown Sierra Leone Ministry of Agriculture and Food Sciences Freetown Sierra Leone Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology Beijing China Ministry of Health and Sanitation Freetown Sierra Leone Beijing Institute of Biotechnology Beijing China

Background Anthrax,a zoonotic disease caused by the spore-forming bacterium Bacillus anthracis,remains a major global public health concern,especially in countries with limited *** Leone,a West African country historically plagued by anthrax,has almost been out of report on this disease in recent *** this study,we described a large-scale anthrax outbreak affecting both animals and humans and attempted to characterize the *** The causative agent of the animal outbreak in Port Loko District,Sierra Leone,between March and May 2022 was identified using the nanopore sequencing technique.A nationwide active surveillance was implemented from May 2022 to June 2023 to monitor the occurrence of anthrax-specific symptoms in *** cases were subsequently verified using quantitative polymerase chain ***-genome sequencing was accomplished by combining long-read and short-read sequencing *** phylogenetic analysis was performed based on the full-chromosome single nucleotide *** The outbreak in Port Loko District,Sierra Leone,led to the death of 233 animals between March 26th and May 16th,*** ruled out the initial suspicion of Anaplasma species and successfully identified *** as the causative agent of the *** a result of the government's prompt response,out of the 49 suspected human cases identifed during the one-year active surveillance,only 6 human cases tested positive,all within the frst month after the official declaration of the *** phylogenetic analysis indicated that the BaSL2022 isolate responsible for the outbreak was positioned in the ***.153 clade within the TransEuroAsian group of *** We successfully identifed a large-scale anthrax outbreak in Sierra *** causative isolate of ***,BaSL2022,phylogenetically bridged other lineages in ***.153 clade and neighboring genetic groups,***.144 and ***.148,

关键词： Molecular identification Anthrax Bacillus anthracis Sierra Leone Phylogeny Single nucleotide polymorphism

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Flexible neural probes:a review of the current advantages,drawbacks,and future demands

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Journal of Zhejiang University-Science B(Biomedicine & Biotechnology) 2024年第2期25卷 153-167页

作者： Sara PIMENTA Joao r.FrEITAS JoséH.COrrEIA CMEMS-UMinho University of MinhoGuimarães4800-058Portugal LABBELS-Associate Laboratory Braga/GuimarãesPortugal

Brain diseases affect millions of people and have a huge social and economic *** use of neural probes for studies in animals has been the main approach to increasing knowledge about neural network ***,neuroscientists are trying to develop new and more effective therapeutic approaches to treating neurological *** implementation of neural probes with multifunctionalities(electrical,optical,and fluidic interactions)has been increasing in the last few years,leading to the creation of devices with high temporal and spatial *** the applicability of,and elements integrated into,neural probes has also led to the necessity to create flexible interfaces,reducing neural tissue damage during probe implantation and increasing the quality of neural acquisition *** this paper,we review the fabrication,characterization,and validation of several types of flexible neural probes,exploring the main advantages and drawbacks of these ***,future developments and applications are ***,this review aims to present the currently available flexible devices and future appropriate avenues for development as possible guidance for future engineered devices.

关键词： Brain knowledge Flexible interface Multifunctional probe

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Barriers and drivers for sustainable public transportation in Indian context

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Green Energy and Intelligent Transportation 2024年第1期3卷 32-45页

作者： Gopi r Dev Vrat Pathak Saurabh Pratap Lakshay Department of Mechanical Engineering Indian Institute of TechnologyVaranasiIndia

rising negative externalities,including greenhouse gas emissions,climate change,and environmental pollution,shows the need for sustainable and environmentally friendly modes of *** zero-emission,environmentally friendly electric buses in public transportation systems can be an effective solution for both developing and developed countries,including *** the Indian government is making numerous efforts to promote electric buses in commercial and public transportation systems,it faces several formidable *** research objective is to analyze and evaluate the primary factors influencing the adoption and usage of electric buses in the Indian public transportation system,within the limited available resources.A survey questionnaire is prepared with several perceptual subjects for the key perceived *** empirical analysis using Structural Equation Modeling(SEM)is then performed to identify the critical *** result of this study demonstrates that the infrastructural barriers substantially impact the adoption and utilization of electric ***,the study provides critical insights and managerial implications for decision-makers.

关键词： Electric bus adoption Public transportation system Barriers Structural equation modelling Exploratory factor analysis Confirmatory factor analysis

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