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Manufacturing of Long Products Made of Innovative Lightweight Materials

Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters) 2015年第12期28卷 1496-1502页

作者： Karsten Richter roland Müller Andreas Kunke Verena Kr? usel Dirk Landgrebe Fraunhofer Institute for Machine Tools and Forming Technology (IWU) Professorship Forming and Joining (UFF) Technische Universit?t Chemnitz

The processing of innovative lightweight materials to sheet metal components and assemblies with globally or locally defined properties is the object of this work. It takes a load-dependent design of components and assemblies, for example, based on the composition of different construction materials or a targeted setting of component areas with specified characteristics to fully exploit the lightweight potential when substituting conventionally used materials. Different process chains for the manufacturing of roll-formed long products made of magnesium alloys and high-strength steels with locally defined properties will be presented in this paper. Depending on the kind of material to be formed and the desired product characteristics, different temperature managements are needed for capable processes. Due to limited formability at room temperature, magnesium alloys require a heating of the forming zones above 200–225 °C throughout the bending process in order to activate additional gliding planes and to avoid any failures in the radii. The realization of local hardening effects requires at least one process-integrated heat treatment when roll forming manganese–boron steels. For both processes, it is imperative to realize a heating and cooling down or quenching appropriate for the manufacturing of long products with the required quality. Additionally, proper line speeds that allow a continuously operated economical production have to be considered. Research results including design, FEA, realization and experimentation of the mentioned process chains and strategies will be described in detail.

关键词： Roll forming Heat treatment Lightweight component Light metals Manganese steels AZ31 magnesium alloy

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Alpine Activity Patterns of Mitopus morio(Fabricius, 1779) are Induced by Variations in Temperature and Humidity at Different Scales in Central Norway

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Journal of Mountain Science 2014年第3期11卷 644-655页

作者： Nils HEIN roland PAPE Oliver-D. FINCH Jorg LOFFLER Department of C-eography University of Bonn Meckenheimer AUee 166 D-53115 Bonn Germany Achtern Nordpol 8 D-26180 Rastede Germany

Our research addresses questions about how micro-climate affects activity abundance of a common and widespread harvestman in an alpine ecosystem. Activity patterns of the Harvestman Mitopus morio(Fabricius, 1779) were studied along different alpine gradients in the central Norwegian Scandes. Within a nested design, we surveyed 18 alpine habitats with pitfall traps and microclimatological equipment along oceanic-continental, two elevational, and(fine-scaled) microtopographic gradients. Sites in the oceanic region of the Scandes showed generally higher abundance of M. morio than sites in the continental region. Furthermore, along the elevational gradient, middle-alpine sites showed higher abundances than low-alpine sites. These general patterns are best explained by higher humidity in the oceanic region and in the middlealpine belt. Focusing at a finer scale, i.e. one elevational level within each region, revealed partly opposing activity patterns within relatively short distances. While in the western middle-alpine belt these patterns were best explained by humidityrelated measures but now with higher activity abundance during drier conditions, in the drier eastern middle-alpine belt heat sums rather than humidity were found to be the best explanatoryvariables for the observed patterns. Hence, our results imply a pronounced different reaction of the two populations towards climatic variables that partly even contradict the previously described general pattern. Regardless whether these differences in activity abundance in M. morio are a form of phenotypic plasticity or adaptation, our findings stress the importance of detailed autecological knowledge combined with fine-scaled climatic measurements when aiming at predictions about possible future ecosystem structures and spatiotemporal phenomena. M. morio proves to be an ideal biogeographic model organism for understanding spatio-temporal responses of alpine ecosystems under modified climatic conditions.

关键词： Climate gradients Opiliones Arctic-alpine ecosystems High mountains Scandinavia

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Tissue factor in predicted severe acute pancreatitis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2010年第48期16卷 6128-6134页

作者： Ellen Andersson Jakob Axelsson Gunilla Eckerwall Daniel Ansari roland Andersson Department of Surgery Clinical Sciences LundLund University Lund University Hospital

AIM: To study tissue factor (TF) in acute pancreatitis and evaluate the role of TF as a predictive marker of severity. METHODS: Forty-nine consecutive patients admitted to Lund University Hospital, fulfilling the criteria of predicted severe acute pancreatitis (AP), were recruited prospectively between 2002 and 2004. Blood samples for TF analyses were drawn at inclusion in the study and 12 h, 1 d and 3 d later. RESULTS: Twenty-seven patients developed mild AP, and 22 patients severe AP. At inclusion in the study, the groups were comparable with respect to gender, aetiology, Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation Ⅱ score, and duration of pain. At inclusion in the study and at 12 h, TF was higher in the severe AP group (P = 0.035 and P = 0.049, respectively). After 1 and 3 d, no differences in TF levels were noted. Interleukin (IL)-6 was significantly higher in the severe AP group at all of the studied time points. C-reactive protein (CRP) was significantly higher in the AP group at 1 and 3 d. In receiver operating characteristic-curves, the area under the curve (AUC) for TF was 0.679 (P = 0.035) at inclusion in the study, and a cut off level for TF of 40 pg/mL showed a sensitivity of 71% and a specificity of 67%, whereas corresponding AUC for IL-6 was 0.775, P = 0.001, and for CRP was 0.653. IL-6 showed better AUC-values than TF at all time points studied. CONCLUSION: TF-levels are raised early in severe AP. TF as an early predictive marker of severe AP is superior to CRP, but inferior to IL-6.

关键词： Acute pancreatitis Coagulation Prediction of severity Tissue factor

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Hydrothermal Hgbomite Associated with Vanadiferous-Titaniferous(V-Ti) Bearing Magnetite Bands in Bhakatarhalli Chromite Mine, Nuggihalli Greenstone Belt, Western Dharwar Craton, Karnataka, India

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2014年第3期88卷 845-853页

作者： Raju V.S.PERUMALA roland K.W.MERKLE National Geophysical Research Institute PO Box 724 Hyderabad India (Council of Scientific and Industrial Research) Department of Geology University of Pretoria

Hogbomite,a rare exotic mineral,is found to be associated with the vanadiferous-titaniferous （V-Ti） bearing magnetite bands at Bhakatarhalli,Nuggihaifi greenstone belt,western Dharwar Craton,*** report on a second occurrence of hogbomite from the Dharwar craton in Karnataka,which is the sixth documented occurrence of this mineral from *** evaluate the chemical characteristics of hogbomite and associated Fe-Ti-minerals in an attempt to identify its formation as a primary hydrothermal mineral in a metamorphosed magnetite *** report here the presence of hogbomite as a complex oxide of Fe,Mg,Al and Ti with accessory of Zn,V and *** studies suggest the （V-Ti） bearing magnetite （Mt） contain spinel,hogbomite,chlorite,martite,ilmenite （Ⅱ） and minor amounts of *** hogbomite displays euhedral to subhedral textures,and is up to 250 μm along the grain boundaries of magnetite and *** the samples studied,hogbomite is prismatic,irregular and elongated in *** genesis of hogbomite in veins between magnetite and ilmenite implies its precipitation from fluids without involving complicated *** models were proposed for the formation of hogbomite; however,the subject is still debatable.

关键词： Hogbomite western Dharwar craton vanadium magnetite EPMA India

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Flammability standards for furniture,building insulation and electronics:Benefit and risk

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Emerging Contaminants 2020年第1期6卷 432-441页

作者： Joseph *** roland Weber Arlene Blum Green Science Policy Institute BerkeleyCA94709United States POPs Environmental Consulting 73527Schw€abisch GmündGermany Department of Chemistry University of CaliforniaBerkeleyBerkeleyCA94720United States

Flammability standards for furniture,building insulation and electronics were established in an attempt to mitigate fire ***,research suggests that some of these flammability standards should be *** levels of flame retardant chemicals,primarily organohalogens,are added to these products in order to comply with fire safety *** and organophosphate flame retardants are associated with adverse health effects such as diminished immune function,endocrine disruption,and ***,flame retardants may not provide a significant fire safety benefit as used in many products,and these chemicals can hinder material *** reviewed evidence of how flammability standards drive the continued use of harmful flame retardants and investigated cases in which flame retardants are used to achieve standard compliance without providing a significant fire safety *** widespread continuous use of toxic flame retardant chemicals demonstrates that toxicological evidence and chemical-by-chemical regulation alone are not sufficient to prevent their inclusion in consumer ***,recent experiences show that updated flammability standards can reduce the use of flame retardants while maintaining,or even increasing,fire *** opportunities exist for improved standards that could further decrease flame retardant use and maintain fire safety.

关键词： insulation maintain flame

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The Global boundary Stratotype Section and Point （GSSP） of the Ladinian Stage （Middle Triassic） at Bagolino （Southern Alps, Northern Italy） and its implications for the Triassic time scale

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Episodes 2005年第4期28卷 233-244页

作者： Peter Brack Hans Riebe Alda Nicora roland Mundil Departement Erdwissenschaften ETH-Zentrum CH-8092 Zurich Switzerland. Palaontologisches Instituit Universitat ZurichCH-8006ZurichSwitzerland. Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra Universita di Milano Via Mangiagaiii 341-20133 Milano Italy. Berkeley Geochronology Center 2455 Ridge Road Berkeley CA 94709 USA

The Global boundary Stratotype Section and Point （GSSP） for the base of the Ladinian Stage （Middle Triassic） is defined in the Caffaro river bed （45°49＇09.5＂N, 10°28＇15.5＂E）, south of the village of Bagolino （Province of Brescia, northern Italy）, at the base of a 15-20-cm-thick limestone bed overlying a distinct groove （＂Chiesense groove ＂） of limestone nodules in a shaly matrix, located about 5 m above the base of the Buchenstein Formation. The lower surface of the thick limestone bed has the lowest occurrence of the ammonoid Eoprotrachyceras curionii （base of the E. curionii Zone; onset of the Trachyceratidae ammonoid family）. Secondary global markers in the uppermost Anisian include the lowest occurrence of conodont Neogondolella praehungafica and a brief normal-polarity magnetic zone recognized in closely correlated sections including the principal auxiliary section at Seceda in the Dolomites. The GSSP-level is bracketed by U-Pb single zircon age data from volcaniclastic horizons, indicating a boundary age of ca 241 Ma.

关键词：三叠纪镧阿尔卑斯山意大利 GSSP

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COMPUTATIONAL MULTISCALE METHODS FOR LINEAR HETEROGENEOUS POROELASTICITY

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Journal of Computational Mathematics 2020年第1期38卷 41-57页

作者： Robert Altmann Eric Chung roland Maier Daniel Peterseim Sai-Mang Pun Department of Mathematics University of AugsburgAugsburgGermany Department of Mathematics The Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongChina Department of Mathematics Texas UniversityUSA

We consider a strongly heterogeneous medium saturated by an incompressible viscous fluid as it appears in geomechanical *** poroelasticity problem suffers from rapidly oscillating material parameters,which calls for a thorough numerical *** this paper,we propose a method based on the local orthogonal decomposition technique and motivated by a similar approach used for linear ***,local corrector problems are constructed in line with the static equations,whereas we propose to consider the full *** allows to benefit from the given saddle point structure and results in two decoupled corrector problems for the displacement and the *** prove the optimal first-order convergence of this method and verify the result by numerical experiments.

关键词： Poroelasticity Heterogeneous media Numerical homogenization Multiscale methods

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Coding variants of the interleukin-11 receptor with reduced protein maturation show protease-dependent trans-signaling and transduce normal STAT3 signaling

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Genes & Diseases 2023年第2期10卷 373-376页

作者： Birte Kespohl roland Hartig Yvonne Garbers Juliane Lokau Christoph Garbers Department of Pathology Otto-von-Guericke-UniversityMedical Faculty39120 MagdeburgGermany Health Campus Immunology Infectiology and InflammationOtto-von-Guericke-University39120 MagdeburgGermany Center for Health and Medical Prevention (ChaMP) Otto-von-Guericke-University39120 MagdeburgGermany Institute for Molecular and Clinical Immunology and Service Unit Multiparametric Bioimaging and Cytometry Medical FacultyUniversity of Magdeburg39120 MagdeburgGermany Institute of Communication Management Faculty of ManagementCulture and Technology (Lingen Campus)Osnabrück University of Applied Sciences49809 LingenGermany

Interleukin-11(IL-11)is a member of the IL-6 family of cytokines.1 IL-11 activates its target cells via binding to the IL-11 receptor(IL-11R),which also exists in soluble forms generated by proteolytic cleavage(sIL-11R,required for trans-signaling).2 Formation of the IL-11/IL-11R complex leads to the recruitment and homodimerization of two molecules of the signal-transducingβ-receptor gp130,which then activates intracellular signaling cascades,including the Jak/STAT,PI3K and ERK pathways.

关键词： STAT3 PI3K gp130

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Combined quantitative microscopy on the microstructure and phase evolution in Li1.3Al0.3Ti1.7(PO4)3 ceramics

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Journal of Advanced Ceramics 2020年第2期9卷 149-161页

作者： Deniz Cihan GUNDUZ roland SCHIERHOLZ Shicheng YU Hermann TEMPELa Hans KUNGL Rudiger-AEICHEL Forschungszentrum Jülich Institute of Energy and Climate Research(IEK-9:Fundamental Electrochemistry)Julich D-52425Germany Forschungszentrum Julich Institute of Energy and Climate Research(IEK-12:Helmholtz-Institute Münster:Ionics in Energy Storage)Munster D-48149Germany RWTH Aachen University Institute of Physical ChemistryAachen D-52074Germany

Lithium aluminum titanium phosphate(LATP)is one of the materials under consideration as an electrolyte in future all-solid-state lithium-ion *** ceramic processing,the presence of secondary phases and porosity play an important *** a presence of more than one secondary phase and pores,image analysis must tackle the difficulties about distinguishing between these microstructural *** this study,we study the phase evolution of LATP ceramics sintered at temperatures between 950 and 1100℃by image segmentation based on energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy(EDS)elemental maps combined with quantitative analysis of LATP *** found aluminum phosphate(AlPO4)and another phosphate phase((Lix)PyOz).The amount of these phases changes with sintering ***,since the grains act as an aluminum source for AlPO4 formation,the aluminum content in the LATP grains ***,the amount of secondary phase changes from more(Lix)PyOz at 950℃to mainly AlPO4 at 1100℃sintering *** also used scanning electron microscopy(SEM)and confocal laser scanning microscopy(CLSM)to study the evolution of the LATP grains and AlPO4,and LATP grain size increases with sintering *** addition,transmission electron microscopy(TEM)was used for the determination of grain boundary width and to identify the amorphous structure of AlPO4.

关键词： lithium aluminum titanium phosphate(LATP) microstructure quantitative microscopy grain size confocal laser scanning microscopy(CLSM) NASICON

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Multi-factorial sustainability approach is necessary to preserve knee function following osteoarthritis diagnosis

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World Journal of Orthopedics 2013年第4期4卷 175-177页

作者： John Nyland roland Jakob Division of Sports Medicine Department of Orthopaedic Surgery University of Louisville Orthopaedic Surgery Hopital Cantonal CH-1701 Fribourg Switzerland

Knee function preservation following a diagnosis of osteoarthritis may benefit from healthy patient lifestyles, exercise or activity habits, and daily living routines. Underlying societal issues and social roles may contribute further to both ecological and knee function preservation concerns. Based on sustainability theory and social ecology concepts we propose that factors such as health history, genetic predisposition, socioenvironmental factors and local-regional-global physiological system viability contribute to knee function preservation. Addressing only some of these factors or any one factor in isolation can lead the treating physician, surgeon and rehabilitation clinician to less than optimal treatment effectiveness. An example is presented of a 57-year-old man with medial tibiofemoral osteoarthritic. In the intervention decision-making process several factors are important. Patients who would benefit from early knee arthroplasty tend to place osteoarthritis knee pain elimination at the top of their list of treatment expectations. They also have minimal or no desire to continue impact sport, recreational or vocational activities. In contrast, patients who are good candidates for a knee function preservation treatment approach tend to have greater expectations to be able to continue impact sport, recreational or vocational activities, are willing and better able to implement significant behavioral changes and develop the support systems needed for their maintenance, are willing to tolerate and live with minor-to-moderate intermittent knee pain, and learn to become more pain tolerant.

关键词： Knee surgery Treatment planning Comprehensive care

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