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Treatment of landfill waste, leachate and landfill gas： A review

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Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2015年第1期9卷 15-32页

作者： Hecham OMAR Sohrab rohani The University of Western Ontario Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering London Ontario N6A 5B9 Canada

This review aims at the treatment of the entire landfill, including the waste mass and the harmful emissions： leachate and landfill gas. Different landfill treatments （aerobic, anaerobic and semi-aerobic bioreactor landfills, dry-tomb landfills）, leachate treatments （anaero- bic and aerobic treatments, anammox, adsorption, chemi- cal oxidation, coagulation/flocculation and membrane processes） and landfill gas treatments （flaring, adsorption, absorption, permeation and cryogenic treatments） are reviewed. Available information and the gaps present in current knowledge is summarized. The most significant areas to expand are landfill waste treatments, which in recent years has begun to grow but there is an opportunity for much more. Another area to explore is the treatment of landfill gas, a very large field to which not much effort has been put forth. This review is to compare different treatment methods and give direction to future research.

关键词： landfill aerobic anaerobic leachate landfillgases municipal solid waste

Applications of the crystallization process in the pharmaceutical industry

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Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2010年第1期4卷 2-9页

作者： Sohrab rohani Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering University of Western OntarioLondonOntario N6A 5B9Canada

The applications of the crystallization technique in the pharmaceutical industry as a purification and separation process for the isolation and synthesis of pure active pharmaceutical ingredients(API),co-crystals,controlled release pulmonary drug delivery,and separation of chiral isomers are briefly discussed using a few case *** effect of process variables and solvent on the polymorphism and morphology of stavudine is *** implementation of external control in the form of feedback and real-time optimal control using cooling and antisolvent crystallization of paracetamol in water-isopropyl alcohol is *** methods to prepare micronsized drug particles,namely,micro-crystallization and polymer-coated API-loaded magnetic nanoparticles for pulmonary drug delivery,are *** significance of co-crystals in drug administration is highlighted using the theophylline-nicotinamide co-crystal *** of chloromandelic acid derivatives,a racemic compound,is achieved using direct crystallization and diastereomeric salts *** crystal structures of diastereomeric salts of chloromandelic acid and phenylethylamine are *** structure comparison between the less soluble and more soluble salts shows that weak interactions such as CH/πinteractions and van der Waals forces contribute to chiral recognition when the hydrogen bonding patterns are similar.

关键词： crystallization control of crystal properties polymorphism co-crystals pulmonary drug delivery resolution of chiral isomers

Additive manufacturing of metallic and polymeric load-bearing biomaterials using laser powder bed fusion:A review

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2021年第35期94卷 196-215页

作者： Alireza Nouri Anahita rohani Shirvan Yuncang Li Cuie Wen School of Engineering RMIT UniversityMelbourneVictoria 3001Australia Biomedical Engineering Department Amirkabir University of TechnologyTehranIran Textile Engineering Department Amirkabir University of TechnologyTehranIran

Surgical prostheses and implants used in hard-tissue engineering should satisfy all the clinical,mechanical,manufacturing,and economic requirements in order to be used for load-bearing ***,and to a lesser extent,polymers are promising materials that have long been used as load-bearing *** the rapid development of additive manufacturing(AM)technology,metallic and polymeric implants with complex structures that were once impractical to manufacture using traditional processing methods can now easily be made by *** technology has emerged over the past four decades as a rapid and cost-effective fabrication method for geometrically complex implants with high levels of accuracy and *** ability to design and fabricate patient-specific,customized structural biomaterials has made AM a subject of great interest in both research and clinical *** different AM methods,laser powder bed fusion(L-PBF)is emerging as the most popular and reliable AM method for producing load-bearing *** layer-by-layer process uses a high-energy laser beam to sinter or melt powders into a part patterned by a computer-aided design(CAD)*** most important load-bearing applications of L-PBF-manufactured biomaterials include orthopedic,traumatological,craniofacial,maxillofacial,and dental *** unequalled design freedom of AM technology,and L-PBF in particular,also allows fabrication of complex and customized metallic and polymeric scaffolds by altering the topology and controlling the macro-porosity of the *** article gives an overview of the L-PBF method for the fabrication of load-bearing metallic and polymeric biomaterials.

关键词： Additive manufacturing Load-bearing biomaterials Powder bed fusion(PBF) Selective laser melting(SLM) Selective laser sintering(SLS)

Oral manifestations in patients with diabetes mellitus

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World Journal of Diabetes 2019年第9期10卷 485-489页

作者： Bita rohani Department of Oral Medicine Faculty of Dentistry Aja University of Medical Sciences

The purpose of this article was to increase the knowledge about oral manifestations and complications associated with diabetes *** overview was performed on Google,especially in recent reliable papers in relation to diabetes mellitus and its oral manifestations(keywords were“diabetes mellitus”,“oral manifestations”,and“oral complications”).Data were collected and the results were *** mellitus is one of the most common chronic disorders characterized by *** disease can have many complications in various regions of the body,including the oral *** important oral manifestations and complications related to diabetes include xerostomia,dental caries,gingivitis,periodontal disease,increased tendency to oral infections,burning mouth,taste disturbance,and poor wound *** complications in diabetic patients are considered major complications and can affect patients’quality of *** is evidence that chronic oral complications in these patients have negative effects on blood glucose control,so prevention and management of the oral complications are important.

关键词： Diabetes mellitus Oral complications Oral manifestations Periodontal disease Xerostomia

Feasibility and reliability of agricultural crop height measurement using the laser sensor array

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Information Processing in Agriculture 2024年第2期11卷 228-236页

作者： Pejman Alighaleh Tarahom Mesri Gundoshmian Saeed Alighaleh Abbas rohani Department of Biosystems Engineering Faculty of AgricultureFerdowsi University of MashhadMashhadIran Department of Biosystems Engineering University of Mohaghegh ArdabiliArdabilIran Auckland Bioengineering Institute University of AucklandNew Zealand

Crop height measurement is widely used to analyze and estimate the overall crop condition and the amount of biomass *** only is manual measurement on a large scale time-consuming but also it is not ***,advanced equipment is available but they require technical skills and are not reasonable for *** article investigates the feasibility of a simple and low-cost measurement system that can monitor crops height of paddy rice and wheat using laser *** designing and fabricating,this system was tested and evaluated in both laboratory and farm *** the laboratory,paddy rice height was measured,and in the field section,the height detection system measured wheat *** results showed that the coefficient of determination(R3)between manual measurement and height detection system measurement for paddy rice was 0.96 and for wheat was ***,there was no significant difference between the two datasets at the level of 5%.Hence,this system can be a useful and accurate tool to monitor crops height in different growing steps.

关键词： Plant height Laser Rice Wheat Crop monitoring

Rapid high-temperature synthesis of SAPO-34 nanoparticles

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Particuology 2011年第5期9卷 452-457页

作者： Mahdi Dargahi Hossein Kazemian Mohammad Soltanieh Sohrab rohani Morteza Hosseinpour Department of Chemical Engineering McGill University Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering Sharif University of Technology Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering Faculty of EngineeringThe University of Western Ontario Department of Mechanical Engineering Sharif University of Technology

Decreasing particle size results in larger increase of external surface area and shorter diffusion path, both reducing mass and heat transfer resistances in catalysis and sorption. A rapid high-temperature hydrothermal synthesis method was developed to synthesize uniform nanoparticles of SAPO-34 zeolite with high crystallinity. To investigate the effects of temperature and synthesis time on purity and crys- tallinity of the final products, the crystallization temperature was increased from 468 to 673 K while the synthesis time was decreased from 24h to 45 rain. The products were characterized by XRD and SEM techniques. It was found that high temperature and short synthesis time reduce the particle size and change the morphology of the SAPO-34 final product.

关键词： SAPO-34 Nanoparticles High-temperature synthesis XRDSEM

Pseudo five-component process for the synthesis of functionalized tricarboxamides using CuI nanoparticles as reusable catalyst

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2013年第3期24卷 195-198页

作者： Abolfazl Ziarati Javad Safaei-Ghomi Sahar rohani Department of Organic Chemistry Faculty of ChemistryUniversity of KashanKashan 51167Islamic Republic of Iran

An efficient and multicomponent method has been developed for the synthesis of functionalized tricarboxamides at room temperature using CuI nanoparticles as catalyst. This method involved fivecomponent coupling reactions of Meldrum＇s acid, isocyanides with aromatic aldehydes and amines at room temperature. Atom economy, wide range of products, excellent yields in short time and mild reaction conditions are some of the important features of this protocol. Notably, this catalyst could be recycled and reused for several times without significantly decreasing the catalytic activity.

关键词： TricarboxamidesCopper iodide nanoparticlesMulticomponent reactionsReusable catalyst

Recent Developments in the Crystallization Process： Toward the Pharmaceutical Industry

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Engineering 2017年第3期3卷 343-353页

作者： Zhenguo Gao Sohrab rohani Junbo Gong Jingkang Wang Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering The University of Western Ontario London ON N6A 5B9 Canada School of Chemical Engineering and Technology Tianjin University Tianjin 300072 China

Crystallization is one of the oldest separation and purification unit operations, and has recently contributed to significant improvements in producing higher-value products with specific properties and in building efficient manufacturing processes. In this paper, we review recent developments in crystal engineering and crystallization process design and control in the pharmaceutical industry. We systematically summarize recent methods for understanding and developing new types of crystals such as co-crystals, polymorphs, and solvates, and include several milestones such as the launch of the first co-crystal drug, Entresto （No- vartis）, and the continuous manufacture of Orkambi （Vertex）. Conventional batch and continuous processes, which are becoming increasingly mature, are being coupled with various control strategies and the recently developed crystallizers are thus adapting to the needs of the pharmaceutical industry. The development of crystallization process design and control has led to the appearance of several new and innovative crystal- lizer geometries for continuous operation and improved performance. This paper also reviews major recent orogress in the area of process analytical technology.

关键词： Crystallization Crystal engineering Polymorphism Crystallization process design and control Crystal size distribution

Fluidization of nano and sub-micron powders using mechanical vibration

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Particuology 2011年第3期9卷 279-287页

作者： Souresh Kaliyaperumal Shahzad Barghi Lauren Briens Sohrab rohani Jesse Zhu Powder Technology Research Center Department of Chemical & Biochemical EngineeringThe University of Western Ontario

The fluidization behavior of nano and sub-micron powders belonging to group C of Geldart＇s classification was studied in a mechanically vibrated fluidized bed （vibro-fluidized bed） at room temperature. Pretreated air was used as the fluidizing gas whereas SiO2. Al2O3, TiO2, ZrSi, BaSO4 were solid particles. Mechanical vibration amplitudes were 0.1, 0.25, 0.35, 0.45mm, while the frequencies were 5, 20, 30, 40 Hz to investigate the effects of frequency and amplitude of mechanical vibration on minimum fluidization velocity, bed pressure drop, bed expansion, and the agglomerate size and size distribution, A novel technique was employed to determine the apparent minimum fluidization velocity from pressure drop signals. Richardson-Zaki equation was employed as nano-particles showed fluid like behavior when fluidized. The average size of agglomerates formed on top of the bed was smaller than those at the bottom, Size distribution of agglomerates on top was also more uniform compared to those near the distributor. Larger agglomerates at the bottom of the bed formed a small fraction of the bed particles. Average size of submicron agglomerates decreased with increasing the frequency of vibration, however nano particles were less sensitive to change in vibration frequency. Mechanical vibration enhanced the quality of fluidization by reducing channeling and rat-holing phenomena caused by interparticle cohesive forces.

关键词： Fluidization Nanoparticles Submicron particle Vibro-fluidized bed Minimum fluidization velocity Agglomeration