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Global geoepidemiology of gastrointestinal surgery rates in Crohn’s disease

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery 2024年第6期16卷 1835-1844页

作者： Simcha Weissman Muhammad Aziz Ayrton Bangolo Vignesh k Nagesh Htat Aung Midhun Mathew Lino Garcia Shiva A Chandar Praveena karamthoti Harinder Bawa Aseel Alshimari Yabets kejela Nazish Mehdi Chrishanti A Joseph Athri kodali rohan kumar Priya Goyal Sanya Satheesha Fnu Nivedita Nicole Tesoro Tanni Sethi Gurpreet Singh Areej Belal Alina Intisar Hirra khalid Samuel Cornwell Suchith B Suresh kareem Ahmed karabo k Marole Om P Anand Rahat B Reshi Tej I mehta Sameh Elias Joseph D Feuerstein Department of Medicine Hackensack Meridian Health Palisades Medical CenterNorth BergenNJ 07047United States Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology University of Toledo Medical CenterToledoOH 43614United States Department of Medicine University of WashingtonSeattleWA 98195United States Department of Radiology Johns Hopkins University HospitalBaltimoreMD 21218United States Division of Gastroenterology Beth Israel Deaconess Medical CenterHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMA 02215United States

BACkGROUND Data regarding the worldwide gastrointestinal surgery rates in patients with Crohn’s disease(CD)remains *** To systematically review the global variation in the rates of surgery in *** A comprehensive search analysis was performed using multiple electronic databases from inception through July 1,2020,to identify all full text,randomized controlled trials and cohort studies pertaining to gastrointestinal surgery rates in adult patients with *** included continent based demographic data,CD surgery rates over time,as well as the geoepidemiologic variation in CD surgery *** analyses were conducted using *** Twenty-three studies spanning four continents were *** median proportion of persons with CD who underwent gastrointestinal surgery in studies from North America,Europe,Asia,and Oceania were 30%(range:1.7%-62.0%),40%(range:0.6%-74.0%),17%(range:16.0%-43.0%),and 38%*** clear association was found regarding the proportion of patients undergoing gastrointestinal surgery over time in North America(R^(2)=0.035)and Europe(R^(2)=0.100).A moderate,negative association was seen regarding the proportion of patients undergoing gastrointestinal surgery over time(R^(2)=0.520)in *** There appears to be significant inter-continental variation regarding surgery rates in *** evidencebased guidelines accounting for the geographic differences in managing patients with CD is ***,as a paucity of data on surgery rates in CD exists outside the North American and European continents,future studies,particularly in less studied locales,are warranted.

关键词： Gastrointestinal surgery Crohn’s disease Geoepidemiology Inflammatory bowel disease Prevalence

Ca^2+ and SO4^2- interactions with dissolved organic matter: Implications of groundwater quality for CkDu incidence in Sri Lanka

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2020年第2期32卷 326-337页

作者： Madhubhashini Makehelwala Yuansong Wei Sujithra k.Weragoda rohan Weerasooriya State key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control Research Center for Eco-Environmental SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100085China Department of Water Pollution Control Technology Research Center for Eco-Environmental SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100085China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China National Water Supply and Drainage Board KatugastotaSri Lanka National Institute of Fundamental Studies Hantana RoadKandy 20000Sri Lanka

It has recently been proposed that recalcitrant dissolved organic carbon(DOC) in groundwater plays a potent etiological role in the peculiar distribution of chronic kidney disease of unknown etiology(CkDu).This study aims to elucidate the interactions of Ca^2+and SO4^2-with a model organic fraction of humic acid(SHA) to determine the possible relationship of CkDu incidence with the DOC in drinking *** and FT-IR methods respectively determined the surface functional groups and chemical composition of protonated dissolved organic carbon(HDOC) in a CkDu high-risk zone(HR) of Sri Lanka and in *** surface C composition(87.9%) and lower O(11.4%) were observed for HDOC from the HR region than for SHA(C: 73.8%, O: 24.7%).Aromatic C with less Ocontaining functional groups was observed in *** IR band at 1170 cm^-1 confirms the formation of organic sulfonate(C–SO3^-) on SHA.A band at 1213 cm^-1 due to organic sulfonate in HDOC from the CkDu HR region was also *** IR band at 866 cm^-1 evidenced the formation of CaCO3 on SHA above pH *** data confirmed the presence of sulfur oxidation states corresponding to SO3^2-and SO4^2-at 168.9 eV and 170.1 eV binding energies,*** binding energies at 347 eV and 351 eV for Ca 2p3/2 and Ca 2p1/2 eV,respectively, confirmed the bidentate complexation of Ca^2+with COO-and sulfonate groups on *** organic sulfonate formed is postulated as a uremic toxicant.

关键词： Dissolved organic carbon Sulfate Calcium Ester group Bidentate

A study of the relation between intensity oscillations and magnetic field parameters in a sunspot: Hinode observations

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2014年第11期14卷 1458-1468页

作者： A.Raja Bayanna Shibu k.Mathew Brajesh kumar rohan E.Louis P.Venkatakrishnan Udaipur Solar Observatory Physical Research Laboratory Leibniz-Institut für Astrophysik Potsdam (AIP) An der Sternwarte 16 14482 PotsdamGermany

We present properties of intensity oscillations of a sunspot in the photo- sphere and chromosphere using G band and Ca u H filtergrams from Hinode. Intensity power maps as function of magnetic field strength and frequency reveal reduction of power in the G band with an increase in photospheric magnetic field strength at all frequencies. In Ca II H, however, stronger fields exhibit more power at high frequen- cies, particularly in the 4.5-8.0 mHz band. Power distributions in different locations of the active region show that the oscillations in Ca II H exhibit more power compared to that of the G band. We also relate the power in intensity oscillations with differ- ent components of the photospheric vector magnetic field using near simultaneous spectro-polarimetric observations of the sunspot from the Hinode spectropolarime- ter. The photospheric umbral power is strongly anti-correlated with the magnetic field strength and its line-of-sight component but there is a good correlation with the trans- verse component. A reversal of this trend is observed in the chromosphere except at low frequencies （V≤ 1.5 mHz）. The power in sunspot penumbrae is anti-correlated with the magnetic field parameters at all frequencies （1.0 ≤ v ≤ 8.0 mHz） in both the photosphere and chromosphere, except that the chromospheric power shows a strong correlation in the frequency range 3-3.5 mHz.

关键词： Sun photosphere -- Sun chromosphere -- Sun oscillations -- Sun magnetic fields -- Sun Hinode

Optimized pre-treatment of high strength food waste digestate by high content aluminum-nanocluster based magnetic coagulation

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2021年第6期33卷 430-443页

作者： Tharindu Ritigala Hailu Demissie Yanlin Chen Jiaxi Zheng Libing Zheng Jinxing Zhu Hua Fan Jiao Li Dongsheng Wang Sujithra kWeragoda rohan Weerasooriya Yuansong Wei State key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control Research Center for Eco-Environmental SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100085China Laboratory of Water Pollution Control Technology Research Center for Eco-Environmental SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100085China State key Laboratory of Environmental Aquatic Chemistry Research Center for Eco-Environmental SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100085China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Beijing Environmental Engineering Technology Co. LtdBeijing 100101China National Water Supply and Drainage Board Katugastota 20800Sri Lanka National Institute of Fundamental Studies Hantana RoadKandy 20000Sri Lanka Department of Chemistry College of Natural Sciences Arbaminch University 1000Ethiopia

Coagulation-based pre-treatment efficiency of high strength digestate of food waste(HSDFW) anaerobic digestion is negated by organic ligand-catalyzed decomposition of coagulants. In this study, an efficient HSDFW pre-treatment method, magnetic seeds(MS) coagulation, was employed by using highly stable keggin Al_(30) nanocluster(PAC_(30)), MS and polyacrylamide(PAM), and its operation was optimized by evaluating the performance of removing turbidity, total suspended solids(TSS), chemical oxygen demand(COD), and total phosphorous(TP) phosphate. Results showed that at the optimum dosage of 4.82 g/L, PAC_(30) demonstrated excellent removals as high as 98.93% ± 0.1% of turbidity, 98.04% ± 0.1% of TSS, 58.28% ± 0.3% of total COD, 99.98% ± 0.01% of TP and 99.50% ± 0.01% of dissolved phosphate, respectively. Apparent molecular weight(AMW) and three-dimensional excitation-emission matrix(3 D-EEM) fluorescence spectroscopy analyses demonstrated more efficient removal of dissolved organic matter(DOM), particularly non-biodegradable and hydrophobic components by PAC_(30) than commercial coagulant. The sedimentation was much improved from 40 min by coagulation/flocculation to about 5 min settling by MS coagulation. The PAC_(30) based magnetic coagulation(MC) presents theoretical guidance on a cost-effective and much less footprint pre-treatment alternative for high strength wastewater.

关键词： Magnetic coagulation keggin nanocluster Pre-treatment Removal mechanism Cost analysis

Transcatheter Closure *** Ligation in Preterm Infants with Patent Ductus Arteriosus:A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

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Congenital Heart Disease 2023年第2期18卷 245-265页

作者： rohan Suresh Daniel Georgia k.Schmidt Hayato Nakanishi karen Smayra Mariah N.Mascara Dilip k.Vankayalapati Reem H.Matar Christian A.Than George Shiakos Ioannis Tzanavaros St George’s University of LondonLondonUK University of Nicosia Medical School University of NicosiaNicosia2417Cyprus Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Mayo ClinicRochester55905USA School of Biomedical Sciences The University of QueenslandSt LuciaBrisbane4072Australia Cardiac Innovation Center of Apollonion Private Hospital NicosiaCyprus

Background:Persistent patent ductus arteriosus(pPDA)is a common condition in preterm *** metaanalysis aimed to assess the safety and efficacy of transcatheter closure(TC)when compared to surgical ligation(SL)in preterm infants with ***:A literature search of Ovid Cochrane Library,Medline,Embase,Epub,Scopus,PMC Preprints,and *** was conducted from inception to May 06,*** studies reported infants diagnosed with pPDA born at≤2000 g birth weight or at≤37 weeks’who underwent TC or SL as *** review was registered in PROSPERO(CRD42022325944).Results:From 97 studies screened,8 studies met the eligibility criteria,with a total of 756 preterm infants undergoing either TC(n=366)or SL(n=390).Compared to TC,SL had higher mortality rates(OR=0.32,95%CI:0.16,0.66,I^(2)=0%).No difference was seen in post-procedural complication rate(OR=0.90,95%CI:0.18,4.44,I^(2)=79%),mean duration of post-procedural mechanical ventilation(MD=−2.21 days,95%CI:−4.88,0.47,I^(2)=60%),hospital stay length(MD=−8.30 days,95%CI:−17.03,0.44,I^(2)=0%)or neonatal intensive care unit stay length(MD=−3.50 days,95%CI:−10.27,3.27,I^(2)=0%).Conclusion:Our meta-analysis demonstrated TC as a viable alternative option in managing preterm infants with pPDA in the context of *** the promising trends demonstrated in this meta-analysis,further studies with larger sample size and controlled baseline characteristics are needed to evaluate the safety and efficacy of TC and SL for preterm infants with pPDA.

关键词： Patent ductus arteriosus transcatheter surgery preterm infants systematic review

In vivo and ex vivo confocal endomicroscopy of pancreatic cystic lesions: A prospective study

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2017年第18期23卷 3338-3348页

作者： Somashekar G krishna rohan M Modi Amrit k kamboj Benjamin J Swanson Phil A Hart Mary E Dillhoff Andrei Manilchuk Carl R Schmidt Darwin L Conwell Division of Gastroenterology Hepatology and NutritionThe Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center Department of Internal Medicine The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center College of Medicine The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center Department of Pathology The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center Division of Surgical Oncology The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center Deparment of General Surgery The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center

To investigate the reproducibility of the in vivo endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) - guided needle based confocal endomicroscopy (nCLE) image patterns in an ex vivo setting and compare these to surgical histopathology for characterizing pancreatic cystic lesions (PCLs).METHODSIn a prospective study evaluating EUS-nCLE for evaluation of PCLs, 10 subjects underwent an in vivo nCLE (AQ-Flex nCLE miniprobe; Cellvizio, Maunakea, Paris, France) during EUS and ex vivo probe based CLE (pCLE) of the PCL (Gastroflex ultrahigh definition probe, Cellvizio) after surgical resection. Biopsies were obtained from ex vivo CLE-imaged areas for comparative histopathology. All subjects received intravenous fluorescein prior to EUS and pancreatic surgery for in vivo and ex vivo CLE imaging *** total of 10 subjects (mean age 53 ± 12 years; 5 female) with a mean PCL size of 34.8 ± 14.3 mm were enrolled. Surgical histopathology confirmed 2 intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms (IPMNs), 3 mucinous cystic neoplasms (MCNs), 2 cystic neuroendocrine tumors (cystic-NETs), 1 serous cystadenoma (SCA), and 2 squamous lined PCLs. Characteristic in vivo nCLE image patterns included papillary projections for IPMNs, horizon-type epithelial bands for MCNs, nests and trabeculae of cells for cystic-NETs, and a “fern pattern” of vascularity for SCA. Identical image patterns were observed during ex vivo pCLE imaging of the surgically resected PCLs. Both in vivo and ex vivo CLE imaging findings correlated with surgical *** vivo nCLE patterns are reproducible in ex vivo pCLE for all major neoplastic PCLs. These findings add further support the application of EUS-nCLE as an imaging biomarker in the diagnosis of PCLs.

关键词： Confocal laser endomicroscopy Serous cystadenoma Pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor Intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm Pancreatic cystic neoplasm

CD137 agonist potentiates the abscopal efficacy of nanoparticle-based photothermal therapy for melanoma

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Nano Research 2022年第3期15卷 2300-2314页

作者： Preethi Bala Balakrishnan Debbie kLedezma Juliana Cano-Mejia Jaclyn Andricovich Erica Palmer Vishal APatel Patricia SLatham Eric SYvon Alejandro Villagra rohan Fernandes Elizabeth E.Sweeney GW Cancer Center Department of MedicineSchool of Medicine and Health SciencesGeorge Washington UniversityWashingtonDC 20052USA The Institute for Biomedical Sciences School of Medicine and Health SciencesGeorge Washington UniversityWashingtonDC 20052USA GW Cancer Center Department of Biochemistry and Molecular MedicineSchool of Medicine and Health SciencesGeorge Washington UniversityWashingtonDC 20052USA Department of Dermatology&Oncology School of Medicine and Health SciencesGeorge Washington UniversityWashingtonDC 20037USA Department of Pathology School of Medicine and Health SciencesGeorge Washington UniversityWashingtonDC 20037USA ImmunoBlue BethesdaMD 20817USA

Despite the promise of immunotherapy such as the immune checkpoint inhibitors(ICIs)anti-PD-1 and anti-CTLA-4 for advanced melanoma,only 26%–52%of patients respond,and many experience grade III/IV immune-related adverse *** by the need for an effective therapy for patients non-responsive to clinically approved ICIs,we have developed a novel nanoimmunotherapy that combines locally administered Prussian blue nanoparticle-based photothermal therapy(PBNP-PTT)with systemically administered agonistic anti-CD137 monoclonal antibody therapy(aCD137).PBNP-PTT was administered at various thermal doses to melanoma cells in vitro,and was combined with aCD137 in vivo to test treatment effects on melanoma tumor progression,animal survival,immunological protection against tumor rechallenge,and *** administered at a melanoma-specific thermal dose,PBNP-PTT elicits immunogenic cell death(ICD)in melanoma cells and upregulates markers associated with antigen presentation and immune cell co-stimulation in ***,PBNP-PTT eliminates primary melanoma tumors in vivo,yielding long-term tumor-free ***,the antitumor immune effects generated by PBNP-PTT cannot eliminate secondary tumors,despite significantly slowing their *** addition of aCD137 enables significant abscopal efficacy and improvement of survival,functioning through activated dendritic cells and tumor-infiltrating CD8^(+)T cells,and generates CD4^(+)and CD8^(+)T cell memory that manifests in the rejection of tumor rechallenge,with no long-term *** study describes for the first time a novel and effective nanoimmunotherapy combination of PBNP-PTT with aCD137 mAb therapy for melanoma.

关键词： photothermal therapy Prussian blue nanoparticles anti-CD137 melanoma nanoimmunotherapy

Advances in nanotechnology application in biosafety materials: A crucial response to COVID-19 pandemic

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Biosafety and Health 2022年第5期4卷 347-363页

作者： Rasmi V.Morajkar Akhil S.kumar rohan k.kunkalekar Amit A.Vernekar Inorganic and Physical Chemistry Laboratory Council of Scientific and Industrial Research(CSIR)-Central Leather Research Institute(CLRI)AdyarChennai 600020Tamil NaduIndia School of Chemical Sciences Goa UniversityTaleigao Plateau 403206GoaIndia

The outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)has adversely affected the public domain causing unprecedented cases and high mortality across the *** has brought back the concept of biosafety into the spotlight to solve biosafety problems in developing diagnostics and therapeutics to treat *** advances in nanotechnology and material science in combination with medicinal chemistry have provided a new perspective to overcome this ***,we discuss the efforts of researchers in the field of material science in developing personal protective equipment(PPE),detection devices,vaccines,drug delivery systems,and medical *** a synergistic approach of disciplines can strengthen the research to develop biosafety products in solving biosafety problems.

关键词： COVID-19 SARS-CoV-2 Biosafety Nanomaterials Diagnostics Therapeutics

Mixture models detect large effect QTL better than GBLUP and result in more accurate and persistent predictions

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2016年第4期7卷 468-473页

作者： Anna Wolc Jesus Arango Petek Settar Janet E.Fulton Neil P.O'Sullivan Jack C.M.Dekkers rohan Fernando Dorian J.Garrick Department of Animal Science Iowa State University Hy-Line International Dallas Center

Background： Accurate evaluation of SNP effects is important for genome wide association studies and for genomic prediction. The genetic architecture of quantitative traits differs widely, with some traits exhibiting few if any quantitative trait loci （QTL） with large effects, while other traits have one or several easily detectable QTL with large effects. Methods： Body weight in broilers and egg weight in layers are two examples of traits that have QTL of large effect A commonly used method for genome wide association studies is to fit a mixture model such as BayesB that assumes some known proportion of SNP effects are zero. In contrast, the most commonly used method for genomic prediction is known as GBLUP, which involves fitting an animal model to phenotypic data with the variance-covariance or genomic relationship matrix among the animals being determined by genome wide SNP genotypes. Genotypes at each SNP are typically weighted equally in determining the genomic relationship matrix for GBLUP. We used the equivalent marker effects model formulation of GBLUP for this study. We compare these two classes of models using egg weight data collected over 8 generations from 2,324 animals genotyped with a 42 k SNP ***： Using data from the first 7 generations, both BayesB and GBLUP found the largest QTL in a similar well-recognized QTL region, but this QTL was estimated to account for 24 % of genetic variation with BayesB and less than 1% with GBLUP. When predicting phenotypes in generation 8 BayesB accounted for 36 % of the phenotypic variation and GBLUP for 25 %. When using only data from any one generation, the same QTL was identified with BayesB in all but one generation but never with GBLUP. Predictions of phenotypes in generations 2 to 7 based on only 295 animals from generation 1 accounted for 10 % phenotypic variation with BayesB but only 6 % with GBLUP. Predicting phenotype using only the marker effects in the 1 Mb region that accounted for the largest e

关键词： Bayesian methods Bias QTL