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Performance Evaluation of Solar chimney Draft: Application to Ventilation

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Smart Grid and Renewable Energy 2024年第4期15卷 107-122页

作者： Boukaré ouedraogo Adama ouedraogo Arouna Kabore Kalifa Palm Dieudonné Joseph Bahiebo Laboratoire dEnergies Thermiques Renouvelables (LETRE) Universit Joseph KI-ZERBO: UFR/SEA Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Laboratoire de chimie Analytique Physique Spatiale et Energtique (LACAPSE) Universit Norbert ZONGO Koudougou Burkina Faso centre Universitaire Polytechnique de Kaya (cUP-Kaya) Universit Joseph KI-ZERBO Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Laboratoire des Systmes dEnergie Renouvelable et Environnement Institut de Recherche en Sciences Appliques et Technologies (IRSAT) Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique et Technologique (CNRST) Ouagadougou Burkina Faso

Ventilation is one of the factors contributing to energy consumption in buildings and food preservation. The solar chimney proves to be an alternative for reducing conventional energy consumption. Thus, in this study, the performance of a solar chimney with two active faces for thermally drawing air from a chamber for preserving agri-food products was evaluated. These performances were experimentally assessed through data measurements: temperatures and velocities within the chimney, and their analysis using Excel and MATLAB. The obtained results were compared with those from literature to verify their validity. From this study, it is found that the maximum temperature at the chimney outlet reaches 49.4˚c with an average value of 43.7˚c. Additionally, the heating evolution of the chimney air presents four (04) identical phases in pairs, reflecting the chimney’s operation throughout day. The temperature difference between the outlet and inlet of the chimney reaches a maximum of 17˚c with an average of 12.6˚c. Regarding airflow, the maximum air velocity at the chimney outlet is 0.8 m/s, and the average velocities have consistently been greater than or equal to 0.46 m/s. Thus, it can be concluded that the solar chimney is capable of providing ventilation for the preservation chamber through thermal draft.

关键词： Solar chimney Natural Ventilation Thermal Draft Airflow chimney Effect

Optimisation of Thermal.c.mfort of Building in a Hot and Dry Tropical.c.imate: A comparative Approach between compressed Earth/concrete Block Envelopes

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Journal of Minerals and Materials characterization and Engineering 2024年第1期12卷 1-16页

作者： Arnaud Louis Sountong-Noma ouedraogo césaire Hema Sjoerd Moustapha N’guiro Philbert Nshimiyimana Adamah Messan Laboratoire Eco-Matériaux et Habitat Durable (LEMHaD) Institut International de l’Ingénierie de l’eau et de l’environnement (Institut 2iE) Rue de la science 01 BP 594 Ouagadougou Burkina Faso

compressed earth blocks (cEB) are an alternative to cement blocks in the construction of wall masonry. However, the optimal architectural.c.nstruction methods for adequate thermal.c.mfort for occupants in hot and arid environments are not mastered. This article evaluates the influence of architectural and constructive modes of buildings made of cEB walls and concrete block walls, to optimize and compare their thermal.c.mfort in the hot and dry tropical.c.imate of Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso. Two identical pilot buildings whose envelopes are made of cEB and concrete blocks were monitored for this study. The thermal models of the pilot buildings were implemented in the SketchUp software using an extension of EnergyPlus. The models were empirically validated after calibration against measured thermal data from the buildings. The models were used to do a parametric analysis for optimization of the thermal performances by simulating plaster coatings on the exterior of walls, airtight openings and natural ventilation depending on external weather conditions. The results show that the cEB building displays 7016 hours of discomfort, equivalent to 80.1% of the time, and the concrete building displays 6948 hours of discomfort, equivalent to 79.3% of the time. The optimization by modifications reduced the discomfort to 2918 and 3125 hours respectively;i.e. equivalent to only 33.3% for the cEB building and 35.7% for the concrete building. More study should evaluate thermal optimizations in buildings in real time of usage such as residential buildings commonly used by the local middle class. The use of cEB as a construction material and passive means of improving thermal.c.mfort is a suitable ecological and economical option to replace cementitious material.

关键词： compressed Earth Blocks Hot and Dry climate Thermal.c.mfort Architectural Optimization of Thermal Models cement Blocks Empirical Validation

On a compound Poisson Risk Model Perturbed by Brownian Motion with Variable Premium and Tail Dependence between claims Amounts and Inter-claim Time

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Open Journal of Statistics 2024年第1期14卷 1-37页

作者： Delwendé Abdoul-Kabir Kafando Kiswendsida Mahamoudou ouedraogo Pierre clovis Nitiema Department of Mathematics University Joseph Ki-Zerbo Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Department of Mathematics University Ouaga 3s Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Department of Mathematics University Thomas-Sankara Ouagadougou Burkina Faso

This paper considers the compound Poisson risk model perturbed by Brownian motion with variable premium and dependence between claims amounts and inter-claim times via Spearman copula. It is assumed that the insurance company’s portfolio is governed by two classes of policyholders. On the one hand, the first class where the amount of claims is high, and on the other hand, the second class where the amount of claims is low, this difference in claim amounts has significant implications for the insurance company’s pricing and risk management strategies. When policyholders are in the first class, they pay an insurance premium of a constant amount c1 and when they are in the second class, the premium paid is a constant amount c2 such that c1 > c2. The nature of claims (low or high) is measured via random thresholds . The study in this work will focus on the determination of the integro-differential equations satisfied by Gerber-Shiu functions and their Laplace transforms in the risk model perturbed by Brownian motion with variable premium and dependence between claims amounts and inter-claim times via Spearman copula. .

关键词： Gerber-Shiu Function copula Integro-Differential Equation Laplace Trans-form Brownian Motion

Feeding Practices and Use of Lysine and Methionine in Pigrationing on Intensified Pig Breeding in the West center and Hauts Bassins Regions of Burkina Faso

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Open Journal of Animal Sciences 2024年第1期14卷 23-38页

作者： Isidor Zangbéwindin ouedraogo Timbilfou Kiendrebeogo Aboubacar Toguyeni chantal Yvette Kabore-Zoungrana Laboratoire d’Etudes et de Recherches sur les Ressources Naturelles et les Sciences de l’Environnement (LERNSE) Universit&#233 Nazi Boni Bobo-Dioulasso Burkina Faso Laboratoire de Recherche et d’Etudes en Production et Santé Animales (LAREPSA) D&#233partement Productions Animales (DPA) l’Institut de l’Environnement et de Recherches Agricoles (INERA) Station de Farako-B&#226 Bobo-Dioulasso Burkina Faso Laboratoire central d’Horticulture (LcH) Station de Recherche de Farako-B&#226 Institut de l’Environnement et de Recherches Agricoles (INERA) Bobo-Dioulasso Burkina Faso Ministère de l’Agriculture des Ressources Animales et Halieutiques (MARAH) Ouagadougou Burkina Faso

The aim of the study was to assess feeding practices and the use of lysine and methionine in pig rationing on intensified and semi-intensive pig breeding in the Koudougou and Bobo-Dioulasso areas. To this end, a cross-sectional survey was carried out on 87 breeding in these towns. A Discriminant Factorial Analysis (DFA) confirming a k-means classification of the data collected was used to retain 71 breeding divided into three breeding classes: class A (32.4% of breeding), class B (14.08%) and class c (53.52%). The results show that the majority of pig breeders were men between the ages of 36 and 59. Average herd sizes were 35 ± 28;79 ± 42 and 89 ± 21 pigs for classes A, B and c respectively. The main breeds of pig found on the breeding were crossbred, Large white, local, Landrace and Duroc. class A (26.1%), B (30%) and c (15.8%) breeders were familiar with both lysine and methionine. class A breeders distributed feed staggered (65.2%) and in rations (34.8%). Lysine (13%) and methionine (8.7%) were purchased at 5250 FcFA/kg. Those in class B distributed feed staggered (50%) and in the form of rations (50%), in which they incorporated lysine (30%) and methionine (30%) purchased at a cost of 2500 FcFA/kg and 3000 FcFA/kg respectively. Rationing and staggered feeding were practiced by 23.7% and 76.3% of class c breeders respectively. Only lysine purchased at 3400 FcFA/kg was incorporated into rations by 10.5% of breeders. The high cost of lysine and methionine was incriminated by class A (100%), B (33.3%) and c (50%) breeders. In conclusion, intensive pig breeding, the practice of rationing and the incorporation of the amino acids lysine and methionine are of ascending importance from classes c, A to B. The high cost of feedstuffs, particularly lysine and methionine, compromises their use in rations, which could have a negative impact on expected breeding performance. The screening and use of feeds rich in and/or enriched with these amino acids, through the development

关键词： Feeding Practices Lysine Methionine Intensive Pig Breeding Burkina Faso

Assessing the Impact of Gold Mining on the Quality of Water Resources in the commune of Meguet, Burkina Faso

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Journal of Water Resource and Protection 2024年第4期16卷 281-292页

作者： Issoufou ouedraogo Samuel Lankoande Yacouba Konate Boukary Sawadogo Nicolas Kagambega Martin Lompo Higher School of Engineering (ESI) University of Fada N&#8217Gourma Fada N&#8217Gourma Burkina Faso Geosciences and Environment Laboratory (LaGE) Joseph KI-ZERBO University Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Water Hydro-Systems and Agriculture Laboratory (LEHSA) International Institute of Water and Environmental Engineering (2iE) Ouagadougou Burkina Faso

Despite its often illegal nature, artisanal gold mining in Burkina Faso contributes to the economic and social development of the country. However, the rudimentary techniques used in gold panning have a significant impact on the environment due to inappropriate practices and the use of various chemical substances. This study aims to assess the impact of artisanal gold mining on the quality of water resources in a rural.c.mmunity at Méguet, Burkina Faso. To this end, surface and groundwater samples were collected and analyzed at the BUMIGEB laboratory. Field results show that the waters are slightly alkaline (6.97 alized and conductive (124 c cm), with temperatures ranging from 24.6˚c to 31.6˚c. In addition, trace metals (TMEs) analyzed from surface and subsurface waters show very high levels, generally deviating from the levels recommended by WHO guidelines for Burkina Faso. Trace metals contamination of water resources in the commune of Méguet is mainly due to Fe (3.78 - 11.12 mg/kg), Hg (0.03 - 0.29 mg/kg), As (0.01- 6.31 mg/kg) and Pb (0.01 - 3.8 mg/kg). This study can serve as a basis for guiding national environmental policies to protect the water resources of the Méguet mine.

关键词： Gold Panning Water Quality Trace Metal Méguet Burkina Faso

HPV/HBV or HPV/HcV co-Infections in Women Treated for chronic Hepatitis at Hôpital Saint camille in Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso

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American Journal of Molecular Biology 2024年第1期14卷 1-12页

作者： Estelle Ouédraogo Théodora Mahoukèdè Zohoncon Bagora Bayala Prosper Bado Rose P. clémence Da rogomenoma al.c. ouedraogo Ina Marie Angèle Traoré Punya Akouélé Kuassi-Kpede Samiratou Ouédraogo Essi Etonam Dovo Lassina Traoré albert Théophane Yonli Florencia Wendkuuni Djigma Olga Mélanie Lompo Jacques Simpore Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Genetics (LABIOGENE) University Joseph KI-ZERBO Ouagadougou Burkina Faso centre of Biomolecular Research Pietro Annigoni (cERBA) Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Hô spital Saint Camille of Ouagadougou (HOSCO) Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Faculty of Health University Saint Thomas d’Aquin (USTA) Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Ecole Normale Supérieure Koudougou Burkina Faso chair “Research and Action Against cancer” Département de Santé Publique Training and Research Unit in Health Sciences University Joseph KI-ZERBO Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Observatoire National de la Santé de la Population Institut National de Santé Publique Ouagadougou Burkina Faso The Department of Epidemiology Biostatistics and Occupational Health School of Population and Global Health Montreal Canada Laboratory of Pathological Anatomy and cytology University Joseph KI-ZERBO Ouagadougou Burkina Faso

Introduction: cervical.c.ncer is a public health concern and is mainly caused by Human papillomaviruses (HPV). In many parts of the world, studies are being carried out to understand the different genotypes to better tackle this issue. We conducted a study to determine the prevalence of HPV genotypes in women with chronic hepatitis B or c infection, co-infected or not with HIV, treated at the Hôpital Saint camille in Ouagadougou (Burkina Faso). Methods: This study was conducted from April to July 2023, including 100 women in gastroenterology at Hôpital Saint camille. A questionnaire on their socio-demographic and life style was administrated;and endocervical samples were collected using sterile swabs and then sent to centre of Biomolecular Research Pietro Annigoni (cERBA). HPV molecular detection and genotyping were performed by PcR and hybridization using the HPV Direct Flow chips kit. Data were analysis using chi square test or Fischer’s exact test with a significance threshold for p Results: The prevalence of HPV infection was 28% (28/100) on the sample of women tested. The most frequent genotypes were HPV 52 (8.33%), followed by HPV 18 and 68 (6.25% each) for high-risk HPVs, and HPV 6, 44/55 and 62/81 (8.33% each) for low-risk HPVs. conclusion: This study, the first of its kind in Burkina Faso on this group of the population, reveals that the most frequent genotypes found in this study are not included in the vaccine available in Burkina Faso (Gardasil®4).

关键词： Human Papillomavirus cervical.c.ncer Hepatitis Human Immunodeficiency Virus Burkina Faso

Thermal Performance Analysis of Plaster Reinforced with Raffia Vinifera Particles for Use as Insulating Materials in Building

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Journal of Minerals and Materials characterization and Engineering 2024年第2期12卷 112-138页

作者： Etienne Malbila Danielle Manuella Djouego Tagne Bouto Kossi Imbga Lareba Adelaide ouedraogo Sié Kam David Yemboini Kader Toguyeni Ecole Supé rieure d&#8217Ing&#233nierie (ESI) Universit&#233 de Fada N&#8217Gourma Fada N&#8217Gourma Burkina Faso Laboratoire d’ Energies Thermiques Renouvelables (LETRE) Universit&#233 Joseph KI-ZERBO Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Institut Supé rieur des Techniques Industrielles et Commerciales (ISTIC) Bangangt&#233 Cameroun Unité de Formation et de Recherche en Sciences et Technologies (UFR/ST) Université Norbert ZONGO Koudougou Burkina Faso Laboratoire de Physique et chimie de l’ Environnemen (LPCE) Universit&#233 Joseph KI-ZERBO Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Ecole Polytechnique de Ouagadougou (EPO) Ouagadougou Burkina Faso

The present study focuses on the formulation of new composite consisting of plaster and raffia vinifera particle (RVP) with the purpose to reducing energy consumption. The aim of this study is to test this new compound as an insulating eco-material in building in a tropical.c.imate. The composites samples were developed by mixing plaster with raffia vinifera particles (RVP) using three different sizes (1.6 mm, 2.5 mm and 4 mm). The effects of four different RVP incorporations rates (i.e., 0wt%, 5wt%;10wt%;15wt%) on physical, thermal, mechanicals properties of the composites were investigated. In addition, the use of the raffia vinifera particles and plaster based composite material as building envelopes thermal insulation material is studied by the habitable cell thermal behavior instrumentation. The results indicate that the incorporation of raffia vinifera particle leads to improve the new composite physical, mechanical and thermal properties. And the parametric analysis reveals that the sampling rate and the size of raffia vinifera particles are the most decisive factor to impact these properties, and to decreases in the thermal.c.nductivity which leads to an improvement to the thermal resistance and energy savings. The best improvement of plaster composite was obtained at the raffia vinifera particles size between 2.5 and 4.0 mm loading of 5wt% (c95P5R) with a good ratio of thermo-physical-mechanical properties. Additionally, the habitable cell experimental thermal behavior, with the new raffia vinifera particles and plaster-based composite as thermal insulating material for building walls, gives an average damping of 4°c and 5.8°c in the insulated house interior environment respectively for cold and hot cases compared to the outside environment and the uninsulated house interior environment. The current study highlights that this mixture gives the new composite thermal insulation properties applicable in the eco-construction of habitats in tropical environments

关键词： Fibres Plaster Thermal Test Mechanical Test Insulating Material Indoor comfort

APOBEc3G Role on HIV Infection in Africa: A Systematic Review

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American Journal of Molecular Biology 2024年第1期14卷 25-42页

作者： Tegwinde Rebeca compaore Abdoul Karim Ouattara Adama Baguiya Lassina Traore Abdou Azaque Zoure Henri Gautier ouedraogo Seni Kouanda Jacques Simpore Biomedical and Public Health Department Institut de Recherche en Sciences de la Santé (IRSS)/CNRST Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Laboratoire de Biologie et de Génétique Moléculaire (LABIOGENE) Université Joseph KI-ZERBO Ouagadougou Burkina Faso centre de Recherche Biomoléculaire Pietro Annigoni (cERBA) Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Université Norbert Zongo (UNZ) Centre Universitaire de Manga Koudougou Burkina Faso

The highly active antiretroviral treatment (HAART) has allowed people living with HIV to live longer with a better quality of life. However, toxicity and the emergence of drug resistance arise from HAART use. Therefore, new antiretroviral therapy is needed since no cure or vaccine is available against HIV. Virus-host interaction has been proven to be important in the last decade. Host factors such as the c-c chemokine receptor type 5 (ccR5), a receptor used by HIV to penetrate host cells, have led to the discovery of the Maraviroc, which is an antiretroviral medication used in the United States. In contrast, other factors like c-X-c Motif chemokine Receptor 4 (cXcR4) and the Apolipoprotein B mRNA editing enzyme catalytic polypeptide-like 3G (APOBEc3G), a potent host defense factor against HIV, is under investigation. APOBEc3G antiviral activity remains a possible therapeutic target against HIV. This systematic review aimed to synthesize the available evidence on the role of APOBEc3G polymorphisms and their expression on HIV infection disease progression in Africa. We used Web of Science, PubMed, Embase, and Google Scholar and searched for relevant publications in French or English reporting on APOBEc3G polymorphisms association with HIV infection in African populations from January 2009 to May 2023. The PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyzes) was used to process for reporting systematic review. Fifteen studies were included, of which seven were on APOBEc3G polymorphisms and eight were on APOBEc3G expression. Among the APOBEc3G polymorphisms, the most studied was H186R or rs8177832. The average of the minor allele frequency of H186R of APOBEc3G available for the studies included in this study was 0.29 with a 95% cI (0.172;0.401) and varied from 0.108 reported in Uganda to 0.47 recorded from Burkina Faso. The polymorphism H186R was not associated with HIV status in Southern Africa. However, the referent allele of H186R was protectiv

关键词： APOBEc3G HIV Genetic Variation Therapeutic Target African Populations

Study of the behaviour of the dielectric constant in cu,Fe:BaTiO_3

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Journal of Zhejiang University-Science A(Applied Physics & Engineering) 2008年第3期9卷 429-434页

作者： alioune ouedraogo Kalifa PalM Issaka ouedraogo Guy cHANUSSOT Laboratory of Applied Organic chemistry and Physics UFR/SEA University of Ouagadougou BP 7021 Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Laboratory of Dielectrics University of Dijon 21000 Dijon France)

In this work we study the behaviour of the dielectric constant of BaTiO3 single crystals doped with cu and Fe for different ion percentages, particularly, the influence of these hetemvalent substitutions on the ferroelectric-paraelectric phase transition whose temperature is found at Tc=120℃ for pure samples. The dielectric constant e in terms of temperature shows that the curie temperature decreases when the quantity of impurities increases and presents a broadening and flattering of the maximum oft（T） within higher values, with the transition becoming more and more diffuse. It is interesting to have a material with very high permittivity （high-k） because of its capacity to store an important quantity of electric charges. The t anisotropy and the curie-Weiss law are also verified with a good ratio between the slopes ofε^-l（T） from both sides of the transition, leading to a curie constant： c= 13 × 10^4 K for BaTiO3：1.6%Fe in the polar phase. BaTiO3 is a displacive ferroelectric going through a first-order phase transition. The substitutions have an effect on the dynamics of the perovskite lattice. They induce charges transfer to Ti and a diminution of elastic forces in BaTiO3. Then we discuss the transition but on the nature of the material. fact that the maximum of permittivity does not depend on the phase

关键词： Phase transition Ferroelectric BaTiO3 Remeika single crystals Dielectric constant curie constant