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The Reliability of Global and Hemispheric surface Temperature Records

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Advances in Atmospheric sciences 2016年第3期33卷 269-282页

作者： philip JONEs Climatic Research Unit School of Environmental SciencesUniversity of East Anglia Center of Excellence for Climate Change Research Department of MeteorologyKing Abdulaziz University

The purpose of this review article is to discuss the development and associated estimation of uncertainties in the global and hemispheric surface temperature records. The review begins by detailing the groups that produce surface temperature datasets. After discussing the reasons for similarities and differences between the various products, the main issues that must be addressed when deriving accurate estimates, particularly for hemispheric and global averages, are then considered. These issues are discussed in the order of their importance for temperature records at these spatial scales： biases in ssT data, particularly before the 1940s; the exposure of land-based thermometers before the development of louvred screens in the late 19th century; and urbanization effects in some regions in recent decades. The homogeneity of land-based records is also discussed; however, at these large scales it is relatively unimportant. The article concludes by illustrating hemispheric and global temperature records from the four groups that produce series in near-real time.

关键词： surface temperature data ssT temperature homogeneity temperature biases urbanization

Jian-Wei Pan:building the quantum internet

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National science Review 2019年第2期6卷 374-376页

作者： philip Ball Writes for NsR from London

For many decades since its inception in the early twentieth century, quantum mechanics seemed to be an exotic and peculiarly non-intuitive kind of physics that applied to matter at the smallest scales:the laws that govern atoms, photons and subatomic particles. All our engineering,meanwhile, was dominated by the familiar rules of classical physics, in which objects have definite positions, trajectories and properties.

关键词： QKD Jian-Wei Pan:building the quantum internet NsR

Overlapping community detection combining content and link

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Journal of Zhejiang University-science C(Computers and Electronics) 2012年第11期13卷 828-839页

作者： Zhou-zhou HE Zhong-fei(Mark)ZHANG philip s.YU Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Information Network Technology Department of Information Science and Electronic EngineeringZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310027China Department of Computer science University of Illinois at ChicagoIL 60607USA

In classic community detection, it is assumed that communities are exclusive, in the sense of either soft clustering or hard clustering. It has come to attention in the recent literature that many real-world problems violate this assumption, and thus overlapping community detection has become a hot research topic. The existing work on this topic uses either content or link information, but not both of them. In this paper, we deal with the issue of overlapping community detection by combining content and link information. We develop an effective solution called subgraph overlapping clustering (sOC) and evaluate this new approach in comparison with several peer methods in the literature that use either content or link information. The evaluations demonstrate the effectiveness and promise of sOC in dealing with large scale real datasets.

关键词： Overlapping Content Link Community detection

IMPACT OF URBANIZATION ON sTRUCTURE AND FUNCTION OF RIVER sYsTEM—Case study of shanghai,China

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Chinese Geographical science 2006年第2期16卷 102-108页

作者： philip JAMEs Research Institute for the Built and Human Environment school of Environment and Life sciences University of salford Greater Manchester M5 4WT UK

Urbanization can affect the physical process of river growth, modify stream structure and further influence the functions of river system. shanghai is one of the largest cities in the world, which is located in Changjiang (Yangtze) River Delta in China. since the 1970s, the whole river system in shanghai has been planned and managed by the shanghai Water Authority. The primary management objectives in the last 30 years have been to enhance irrigation and flood-control. By using Horton-strahler classification and Horton laws as a reference, a novel method of stream classification, in conjunction with the traditional and specially designed indicators, was applied to understanding the structure and functions of the river system in shanghai. Correlation analysis was used to identify the interrelations among indicators. It was found that the impact of urbanization on the river system was significant although natural laws and physical characteristics marked a super-developed river system. There was an obvious correlation between the degree of urbanization and the abnormal values of some indicators. Urbanization impacts on river system such as branches engineered out, riverbank concreting and low diversity of river style were widely observed. Each indicator had distinct sensibility to urbanization so they could be used to describe different characteristics of urban river system. The function indicators were significantly related to structure indicators. stream structure, described by fractal dimension and complexity of river system, was as important as water area ratio for maintaining river’s multi-function.

关键词： river system stream classification Horton law urbanization shanghai

Progress in understanding youth-onset type 2 diabetes in the United states: recent lessons from clinical trials

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World Journal of Pediatrics 2019年第4期15卷 315-321页

作者： philip Zeitler section of Endocrinology Department of PediatricsChildren's Hospital ColoradoUniversity of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus13123 E16th AvenueAuroraCOUSA

Background Due to the dramatic increase in the rates of childhood obesity and youth-onset type 2 diabetes (T2D) in the late 1990s in the United states,the Us government,through the National Institute of Diabetes,Digestive Disease,and Kidney (NIDDK) and the Centers for Disease Control,funded a series of large studies and trials which,together,have formed the basis for much of what we currently understand about youth-onset *** sources The review focus on the recent results and implications of the treatment options for Type 2 Diabetes in Adolescents and Youth (TODAY) study and the Restoring Insulin secretion (RIsE) *** and Conclusions Both TODAY and RIsE studies have provided critical insight into the unique aspects of the pathophysiology of youth-onset type 2 diabetes and also provided the evidence base for our current approach to the management of this disorder.

关键词： Insulin resistance Insulin sensitivity Obesity Type 2 diabetes

Design and evaluation of control systems for a real canal

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science China(Technological sciences) 2012年第1期55卷 142-154页

作者： sHANG YiZi rogers Peter WANG GuangQian state Key Laboratory of Hydroscience and Engineering Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China school of Engineering andApplied science Harvard University Boston 02138 U.S.A.

The distant downstream proportional integral(PI) feedback control was applied to the W-M lateral canal of the Maricopa stanfield Irrigation and Drainage District located in central Arizona,*** configuration of those controls for the ca-nal can be *** this end,an integrated approach to the design of an automatic control system for the canal was *** approach presented herein is not only a systematical review of previous work,but also represents a further ad-vance of the previous simulation study by Tsinghua University(shang et al,2011) on relating the canal control algorithm to local PI controls for the real *** evaluate the control system potential,performance of the control algorithm that was ob-tained through implanting predicative module into linear quadratic regulator(LQR) was analyzed with singular value *** "manufactured" tests were conducted to compare with the control system that is currently in *** results indi-cated that the developed control system rather than the system in current use had considerable potential to closely match dis-charge at the downstream check structures with those ordered by water users while maintaining the water level throughout the length of the canal.

关键词： canal control system singular value bode proportional integral (PI) control linear quadratic regulator (LQR)

High-repetition-rate source of nanosecond duration kA-current pulses driven by relativistic laser pulses

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High Power Laser science and Engineering 2024年第3期 111-120页

作者： Michael Ehret Jakub Cikhardt philip Wykeham Bradford Iuliana-Mariana Vladisavlevici Tomas Burian Diego de Luis Jose Luis Henares Rubén Hernández Martín Jon Imanol Api?aniz Roberto Lera JoséAntonio Pérez-Hernández Jo?o Jorge santos Giancarlo Gatti Centro de Láseres Pulsados (CLPU) Czech Technical University in Prague Faculty of Electrical Engineering Univ. Bordeaux-CNRs-CEA Centre Lasers Intenses et Applications (CELIA) Department of Radiation and Chemical Physics FZU-Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences Univ. Bordeaux-CNRs-CEA Centre Lasers Intenses et Applications (CELIA)

We report the first high-repetition-rate generation and simultaneous characterization of nanosecond-scale return currents of kA-magnitude issued by the polarization of a target irradiated with a PW-class high-repetition-rate titanium:sapphire laser system at relativistic *** present experimental results obtained with the VEGA-3 laser at intensities from5×1018to 1.3×1020W cm-2.A non-invasive inductive return-current monitor is adopted to measure the derivative of return currents of the order of kA ns-1and analysis methodology is developed to derive return *** compare the current for copper,aluminium and Kapton targets at different laser *** data show the stable production of current peaks and clear prospects for the tailoring of the pulse shape,which is promising for future applications in highenergy-density science,for example,electromagnetic interference stress tests,high-voltage pulse response measurements and charged particle beam *** compare the target discharge of the order of hundreds of nC with theoretical predictions and a good agreement is found.

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Transcatheter Device Closure of a Perimembranous Ventricular septal Defect in Congenitally Corrected Transposition of the Great Arteries

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Congenital Heart Disease 2022年第2期17卷 193-199页

作者： Catherine E.Tomasulo Lindsay s.rogers Lauren Andrade Michael LO’Byrne Division of Cardiology The Children’s Hospital of PhiladelphiaPhiladelphiaUSA Division of Cardiology Hospital of the University of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaUSA Center for Pediatric Clinical Effectiveness The Children’s Hospital of PhiladelphiaPhiladelphiaUSA Leonard Davis Institute and Center for Cardiovascular Outcomes Qualityand Evaluative ResearchUniversity of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaUSA

The majority of patients with congenitally corrected transposition of the great arteries,also known as transposition of the great arteries{s,L,L}have ventricular septal defects(VsD),most commonly perimembranous VsD(pmVsD).Transcatheter device closure of pmVsD in these patients has not been widely *** present a case of device closure of pmVsD in L-TGA with an Amplatzer Duct Occluder II(ADOII)device using a deployment starting in the subpulmonary left *** case demonstrates some of the technical advantages of the ADOII device for VsD closure,specifically its low profile,symmetric shape,and soft *** characteristics are advantageous in closing conventional pmVsD but are especially useful in patients with challenging anatomic substrates.

关键词： Percutaneous catheterization congenital heart disease thromboembolism

Computational study on the Influence of Number of Threads on the Perfor-mance of single screw Pump at High Angular Velocities

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Journal of Thermal science 2017年第1期26卷 54-59页

作者： Jaison philip Abhilash suryan T.V sanand P Unnikrishnan Nair s. sivakumar Department of Mechanical Engineering College of Engineering Trivandrum Kerala India 695016 Turbo Pump Division LPSC Valiamala Trivandrum Kerala. Department of Mechanical Engineering Rajadhani Institute Engineering & Technology Trivandrum Kerala India

Fluid flow in a screw pump which rotates at very high angular velocity is numerically analyzed. In the present study, fluid flow in screw pumps under high Reynolds number, of the order of 105, is considered. screw pump has two major elements, a plain shroud which is a stationary element and a rotating hub with helical grooves contained within the shroud. In this paper, three variants of hubs with different number of thread starts numbering six, eight and twelve in combination with a plain shroud is studied. Each of the three possible combinations are analyzed on the basis of pressure rise developed, efficiency and shaft power. It was seen that pressure rise, efficiency and shaft power increases as the number of threads increases in the range of mass flow rates studied.

关键词： screw pump, Turbulent flow, Angular velocity