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Improved Mechanism for Detecting Examinations Impersonations in Public Higher Learning Institutions: Case of the Mwalimu Nyerere Memorial Academy (MNMA)

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Journal of Computer and Communications 2024年第9期12卷 160-187页

作者： Jasson Lwangisa Domition rogers.philip bhalalus.s. selemani Ismail Department of Leadership and Management sciences The Mwalimu Nyerere Memorial Academy Pemba Tanzania Department of Mathematics Information and Communication Technology The Open University of Tanzania Dar es Salaam Tanzania

Currently, most public higher learning institutions in Tanzania rely on traditional in-class examinations, requiring students to register and present identification documents for examinations eligibility verification. This system, however, is prone to impersonations due to security vulnerabilities in current students’ verification system. These vulnerabilities include weak authentication, lack of encryption, and inadequate anti-counterfeiting measures. Additionally, advanced printing technologies and online marketplaces which claim to produce convincing fake identification documents make it easy to create convincing fake identity documents. The Improved Mechanism for Detecting Impersonations (IMDIs) system detects impersonations in in-class exams by integrating QR codes and dynamic question generation based on student profiles. It consists of a mobile verification app, built with Flutter and communicating via REsTful APIs, and a web system, developed with Laravel using HTML, Css, and Javascript. The two components communicate through APIs, with MysQL managing the database. The mobile app and web server interact to ensure efficient verification and security during examinations. The implemented IMDIs system was validated by a mobile application which is integrated with a QR codes scanner for capturing codes embedded in student Identity Cards and linking them to a dynamic question generation model. The QG model uses natural language processing (NLP) algorithm and Question Generation (QG) techniques to create dynamic profile questions. Results show that the IMDIs system could generate four challenging profile-based questions within two seconds, allowing the verification of 200 students in 33 minutes by one operator. The IMDIs system also tracks exam-eligible students, aiding in exam attendance and integrates with a short Message service (sMs) to report impersonation incidents to a dedicated security officer in real-time. The IMDIs system was tested and found to be 98% s

关键词： Natural Language Processing (NLP) Model Impersonations Detection Dynamic Challenging Questions Traditional-in-Class Examination and Impersonation Detection

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Adaptive neural network control of a 2-DOF helicopter system considering input constraints and global prescribed performance

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science China(Information sciences) 2024年第7期67卷 224-239页

作者： Zhijia ZHAO Jiale WU Zhijie LIU We HE C.L.philip CHEN school of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering Guangzhou University school of Intelligence science and Technology and Key Laboratory of Intelligent Bionic Unmanned systems of Ministry of Education University of Science and Technology Beijing school of Computer science and Engineering South China University of Technology Pazhou Lab

In this study, an adaptive neural network(NN) control is proposed for nonlinear two-degree-offreedom(2-DOF) helicopter systems considering the input constraints and global prescribed ***, radial basis function NN(RBFNN) is employed to estimate the unknown dynamics of the helicopter system. second, a smooth nonaffine function is exploited to approximate and address nonlinear constraint functions. subsequently, a new prescribed function is proposed, and an original constrained error is transformed into an equivalent unconstrained error using the error transformation and barrier function transformation methods. The analysis of the established Lyapunov function proves that the controlled system is globally uniformly bounded. Finally, the simulation and experimental results on a constructed Quanser's test platform verify the rationality and feasibility of the proposed control.

关键词： adaptive NN control 2-DOF helicopter global prescribed performance input constraints

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Psychiatric comorbidities in children with conduct disorder:a descriptive analysis of real-world data

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General Psychiatry 2024年第2期37卷 301-305页

作者： Tashalee R Brown Anita s Kablinger Robert Trestman Eraka Bath Cynthia rogers Binx Yezhe Lin Kevin Young Xu University of California Los Angeles David Geffen school of Medicine Los AngelesCaliforniaUSA Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Medicine Virginia Tech Carilion School of MedicineRoanokeVirginiaUSA Washington University in st Louis school of Medicine St LouisMissouriUSA Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders Chinese-German Institute of Mental HealthShanghai Pudong New Area Mental Health CenterSchool of MedicineTongji UniversityShanghaiChina Department of Psychosomatic Medicine Shanghai East HospitalTongji University School of MedicineShanghaiChina Department of Psychiatry Washington University School of Medicine in Saint LouisSt LouisMissouriUSA

To the editor:Two recent advisories from the Us surgeon general have underscored the unprecedented public health crisis in youth mental health and emphasised the need for“timely data collection and research to identify and respond to youth mental health needs more rapidly”.1 Increased rates of suicidal behaviour,depression and anxiety symptoms and substance use.

关键词： morbid Psychiat editor

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Improving a Patient’s CVD Risk Assessment—Updating the Interpretation of the Lipid Profile

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World Journal of Cardiovascular Diseases 2024年第9期14卷 515-520页

作者： David s. schade Allen Adolphe Robert philip Eaton Department of Internal Medicine University of New Mexico Health Sciences Albuquerque USA Department of Internal Medicine School of Medicine University of New Mexico Albuquerque USA

The lipid profile remains an important laboratory assessment to prevent cardiovascular disease. Interpretation of the non-fasting lipid profile has significantly changed based on new information concerning the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. In particular, the assessment of risk from cholesterol containing particles following triglyceride metabolism (termed remnant cholesterol) can now be done from a lipid profile. In addition, non-HDL cholesterol as calculated from the lipid profile will provide a complete assessment of total circulating cholesterol containing particles. Furthermore, the formula for measurement of LDL cholesterol from a lipid profile has now been revised so that triglyceride levels exert less interference. Finally, the old concept that the “higher the HDL-c, the better” is no longer tenable. New data indicate that the optimal high density lipoprotein level is below 100 mg/dl for both male and female patients. Correct interpretation of the lipid profile will optimize anti-atherosclerotic therapy and reduce the number one cause of death in the United states.

关键词： Lipid Profile Atherosclerotic Risk Cardiovascular Disease High Density Lipoprotein Low Density Lipoprotein

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saliency-guided meta-hallucinator for few-shot learning

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science China(Information sciences) 2024年第10期 189-210页

作者： Hongguang ZHANG Chun LIU Jiandong WANG Linru MA Piotr KONIUsZ philip H.s.TORR Lin YANG systems Engineering Institute Academy of Military Sciences Data61 Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation Australian National University Oxford University

Learning novel object concepts from limited samples remains a considerable challenge in deep learning. The main directions for improving the few-shot learning models include(i) designing a stronger backbone,(ii) designing a powerful(dynamic) meta-classifier, and(iii) using a larger pre-training set obtained by generating or hallucinating additional samples from the small scale dataset. In this paper, we focus on item(iii) and present a novel meta-hallucination strategy. Presently, most image generators are based on a generative network(i.e., GAN) that generates new samples from the captured distribution of images. However, such networks require numerous annotated samples for training. In contrast, we propose a novel saliency-based end-to-end meta-hallucinator, where a saliency detector produces foregrounds and backgrounds of support images. such images are fed into a two-stream network to hallucinate feature samples directly in the feature space by mixing foreground and background feature samples. Then, we propose several novel mixing strategies that improve the quality and diversity of hallucinated feature ***, as not all saliency maps are meaningful or high quality, we further introduce a meta-hallucination controller that decides which foreground feature samples should participate in mixing with backgrounds. To our knowledge, we are the first to leverage saliency detection for few-shot learning. Our proposed network achieves state-of-the-art results on publicly available few-shot image classification and anomaly detection benchmarks, and outperforms competing sample mixing strategies such as the so-called Manifold Mixup.

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The Importance of setting Treatment Goals for Cardiovascular Diseases

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World Journal of Cardiovascular Diseases 2024年第1期14卷 10-15页

作者： David s. schade Bramara Nagamallika Godasi Teodor Duro Robert philip Eaton University of New Mexico Health sciences Albuquerque USA

Background: Guidelines are issued by most major organizations that focus on a specific disease entity. Guidelines should be a significant help to the practicing physician who may not be up-to-date with the recent medical literature. Unfortunately, when conflicting guidelines for a specific disease are published, confusion results. Purpose: This article provides a suggested guideline outcome measure that would benefit the physician and patient. Methods: A review of 19 different guidelines for cardiovascular disease treatment is one example of the lack of specific outcomes that currently exist. The basic problem with most guidelines is that they do not state the expected end result (i.e., the benefit to the patient) if that guideline is followed. When guidelines use cardiovascular disease risk factors to dictate therapy, the end benefit is never stated so that the patient can make an appropriate choice of which (if any) guideline to follow. Results: A good example is guidelines published by the American Heart Association for reducing cardiovascular disease. These guidelines are risk factor based and only indicate that cardiovascular disease would be reduced if followed. No specific percentage in the reduction of the incidence of disease is given. In contrast, when elimination of the disease is the stated goal of the guideline, the end result is clear. To date, this goal has been stated by only one organization devoted to eliminating cardiovascular disease. Conclusion: Guidelines need to be written to provide the physician and the patient with a specific end point that is expected when the guideline is followed. Patient acceptance and compliance will be much improved if the patient knows the risk/benefit of following the guideline’s recommendations.

关键词： Guideline Goals for Cardiovascular Disease Prevention Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors for Cardiovascular Disease Pooled Cohort Equations

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Prehospital transdermal glyceryl trinitrate for ultra- acute ischaemic stroke: data from the RIGHT- 2 randomised sham- controlled ambulance trial

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stroke & Vascular Neurology 2024年第1期9卷 38-49,I0035-I0046页

作者： Jason philip Appleton Lisa J Woodhouse Craig s Anderson sandeep Ankolekar Lesley Cala Mark Dixon Timothy J England Kailash Krishnan Grant Mair Keith W Muir John Potter Christopher I Price Marc Randall Thompson G Robinson Christine Roffe Else C sandset Jeffrey L saver Angela shone Aloysius Niroshan siriwardena Joanna M Wardlaw Nikola sprigg philip M Bath stroke University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation TrustBirminghamUK Institute of Applied HealthResearch University of Birmingham College of Medical and Dental SciencesBirminghamUK stroke Trials Unit Mental Health and Clinical NeurosciencesUniversity of NottinghamNottinghamUK Faculty of Medicine The George Institute for Global HealthSydneyNew South WalesAustralia The George Institute China at Peking University Health science Center BeijingChina Neurology Royal Prince Alfred HospitalSydney Health PartnersSydneyNew South WalesAustralia Department of Neurology King's College Hospital NHS Foundation TrustLondonUK Faculty of Health and Medical sciences University of Western AustraliaCrawleyWestern AustraliaAustralia East Midlands Ambulance service NHs Trust NottinghamUK stroke Queen's Medical CentreNottingham University Hospitals NHS TrustNottinghamUK Centre for Clinical Brain sciences Dementia Research InstituteUniveristy of EdinburghEdinburghUK Institute of Neurology and Psychology University of GlasgowGlasgowUK Bob Champion Research and Education Building University of East AngliaNorwichUK Institute of Neuroscience Newcastle UniversityNewcastle upon TyneUK Department of Neurology Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS TrustLeedsUK Department of Cardiovascular sciences and NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre University of LeicesterLeicesterUK stroke Research in stoke Institute for Science and Technology in MedicineKeele UniversityStoke-on TrentUK Department of Neurology Oslo University HospitalOsloNorway Research and Development Norwegian Air Ambulance FoundationOsloNorway Department of Neurology and Comprehensive stroke Center David Geffen School of MedicineUCLALos AngelesCaliforniaUSA Research and Graduate services University of NottinghamNottinghamUK Community and Health Research Unit University of LincolnLincolnUK

Background The effect of transdermal glyceryl trinitrate(GTN,a nitrovasodilator)on clinical outcome when administered before hospital admission in suspected stroke patients is ***,we assess the safety and efficacy of GTN in the prespecified subgroup of patients who had an ischaemic stroke within the Rapid Intervention with Glyceryl trinitrate in Hypertensive stroke Trial-2(RIGHT-2).Methods RIGHT-2 was an ambulance-based multicentre sham-controlled blinded-endpoint study with patients randomised within 4hours of *** primary outcome was a shift in scores on the modified Rankin scale(mRs)at day *** outcomes included death;a global analysis(Wei-Lachin test)containing Barthel Index,EuroQol-5D,mRs,telephone interview for cognitive status-modified and Zung depression scale;and neuroimaging-determined‘brain frailty’*** were reported as n(%),mean(sD),median[IQR],adjusted common OR(acOR),mean difference or Mann-Whitney difference(MWD)with 95%*** 597 of 1149(52%)patients had a final diagnosis of ischaemic stroke;age 75(12)years,premorbid mRs>2107(18%),Glasgow Coma scale 14(2)and time from onset to randomisation 67[45,108]***‘brain frailty’was common:median score 2[2,3](range 0–3).At day 90,GTN did not influence the primary outcome(acOR for increased disability 1.15,95%CI 0.85 to 1.54),death or global analysis(MWD 0.00,95%CI-0.10 to 0.09).In subgroup analyses,there were non-significant interactions suggesting GTN may be associated with more death and dependency in participants randomised within 1hour of symptom onset and in those with more severe *** In patients who had an ischaemic stroke,ultra-acute administration of transdermal GTN in the ambulance did not improve clinical outcomes in a population with more clinical and radiological frailty than seen in previous in-hospital *** Is ALREADY KNOWN ON THIs TOPIC⇒Transdermal glyceryl trinitrate(GTN)was associat-ed with less death and dependency in those w

关键词： Glasgow nitrate random

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A rat model of multicompartmental traumatic injury and hemorrhagic shock induces bone marrow dysfunction and profound anemia

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Animal Models and Experimental Medicine 2024年第3期7卷 367-376页

作者： Lauren s.Kelly Jennifer A.Munley Erick E.Pons Kolenkode B.Kannan Elizabeth M.Whitley Letitia E.Bible philip A.Efron Alicia M.Mohr Department of surgery and sepsis and Critical Illness Research Center University of Florida College of MedicineGainesvilleFloridaUSA Pathogenesis LLCGainesvilleFloridaUSA

Background:severe trauma is associated with systemic inflammation and organ *** rodent trauma models are the mainstay of postinjury research but have been criticized for not fully replicating severe human *** aim of this study was to create a rat model of multicompartmental injury which recreates profound traumatic ***:Male sprague-Dawley rats were subjected to unilateral lung contusion and hemorrhagic shock(LCHs),multicompartmental polytrauma(PT)(unilateral lung contusion,hemorrhagic shock,cecectomy,bifemoral pseudofracture),or na?ve ***,plasma toll-l ike receptor 4(TLR4),hemoglobin,spleen to body weight ratio,bone marrow(BM)erythroid progenitor(CFU-GEMM,BFU-E,and CFU-E)growth,plasma granulocyte colony-stimulating factor(G-CsF)and right lung histologic injury were assessed on day 7,with significance defined as p valuessults:Polytrauma resulted in markedly more profound inhibition of weight gain compared to LCHs(p=0.0002)along with elevated plasma TLR4(pspleen to body weight ratios(p=0.004).Both LCHs and PT demonstrated suppression of CFU-E and BFU-E growth compared to naive(psma G-CsF was elevated in PT compared to both na?ve and LCHs(ps and PT demonstrated significant histologic right lung injury with poor alveolar wall integrity and interstitial ***:Multicompartmental injury as described here establishes a reproducible model of multicompartmental injury with worsened anemia,splenic tissue enlargement,weight loss,and increased inflammatory activity compared to a less severe *** may serve as a more effective model to recreate profound traumatic injury to replicate the human inflammatory response postinjury.

关键词： anemia i nflammation polytrauma pseudofracture shock

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A novel homozygous missense variant in ARsK causes MPs X,a new subtype of mucopolysaccharidosis

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Genes & Diseases 2024年第3期11卷 87-90页

作者： Miao sun Cornelia K.Kaminsky philip Deppe Mai-Brittllse Frederic M.Vaz Barbara Plecko Torben Lubke Linda M.Randolph Division of Genomic Medicine Department of Pathology and Laboratory MedicineChildren's Hospital Los Angeles/Keck School of Medicine of USCLos AngelesCA 90027USA Department of Radiology Children's Hospital Los Angeles/Keck School of Medicine of USCLos AngelesCA 90027USA Department of Chemistry BiochemistryBielefeld UniversityBielefeld 33615Germany Amsterdam UMC Location University of Amsterdam Department of Clinical Chemistry and PediatricsLaboratory Genetic Metabolic DiseasesEmma Children's HospitalMeibergdreef 9Amsterdam 1100 DEthe Netherlands Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology Metabolism Inborn Errors of MetabolismAmsterdam 1105 BKthe Netherlands Core Facility Metabolomics Amsterdam UMC Location University of AmsterdamAmsterdam 1100DDthe Netherlands Department of Pediatrics Division of General PediatricsMedical Universityof GrazGraz8036Austria Division of Medical Genetics Department of PediatricsChildren's Hospital Los Angeles/Keck School of Medicine of USCLos AngelesCA 90027USA

Mucopolysaccharidoses(MPs)are a group of rare inborn errors of metabolism caused by defective lysosomal enzymes which prevent cells from degrading and recycling certain carbohydrates and fats,resulting in the storage of glycosaminoglycans in cells throughout the *** leads to multisystem abnormalities involving bone,connective tissues,brain,blood,spinal cord,skin,and other tissues.

关键词： metabolism doses polys

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still elusive: Developments in the accurate diagnosis of indeterminate biliary strictures

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy 2024年第6期16卷 297-304页

作者： Lynn Affarah philip Berry sreelakshmi Kotha Department of Hepatology Guy's and St Thomas'HospitalLondon SE17EHUnited Kingdom

Indeterminate biliary strictures pose a significant diagnostic dilemma for *** advances in endoscopic techniques and instruments,it is difficult to differentiate between benign and malignant pathology.A positive histological diagnosis is always preferred prior to high risk hepatobiliary surgery,or to inform other types of *** retrograde cholangiopancreato-graphy with brushings has low sensitivity and despite significant improvements in instruments there is still an unacceptably high false negative *** methods such as endoscopic ultrasound and cholangioscopy have improved diagnostic *** this review we explore the techniques available to aid accurate diagnosis of indeterminate biliary strictures and obtain accurate histology to facilitate clinical management.

关键词： Indeterminate biliary stricture Benign biliary stricture Malignant biliary stricture Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography Endoscopic ultrasound Primary sclerosing cholangitis

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