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A 40-year evaluation of drivers of African rainforest change

作者： (美)Bert chapman

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Forest Ecosystems 2021年第4期8卷 887-902页

作者： Colin A.chapman Carmen Galan-Acedo Jan F.Gogarten Rong Hou Michael J.Lawes Patrick A.Omeja Dipto Sarkar Anna Sugiyama Urs Kalbitzer Department of Anthropology Center for the Advanced Study of Human PaleobiologyThe George Washington University20037 WashingtonDCUSA wilson Center 1300 Pennsylvania Avenue NW20004 WashingtonDCUSA School of Life Sciences University of KwaZulu-NatalScottsvillePietermaritzburgSouth Africa Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Animal Conservation Northwest UniversityXi’anChina Escuela Nacional de Estudios Superiores Universidad Nacional Autónoma de MéxicoMoreliaMichoacánMexico Viral Evolution and Epidemiology of Highly Pathogenic Microorganisms Robert Koch InstituteSeestraße 1013353 BerlinGermany Institute of Biodiversity and Environmental Conservation(IBEC) Universiti Malaysia Sarawak94300 Kota SamarahanSarawakMalaysia Makerere University Biological Field Station Fort PortalUganda Department of Geography and Environmental Studies Carleton UniversityOttawaCanada School of Life Sciences Harold L.Lyon ArboretumUniversity of Hawai‘i at Mānoa3190 Maile Way96822 HonoluluHIUSA Department for the Ecology of Animal Societies Max Planck Institute of Animal BehaviorRadolfzellGermany Department of Biology University of KonstanzKonstanzGermany

Background:Tropical forests are repositories of much of the world’s biodiversity and are critical for mitigation of climate ***,the drivers of forest dynamics are poorly *** is in large part due to the lack of long-term data on forest change and changes in ***:we quantify changes in tree abundance,diversity,and stand structure along transects first enumerated in 1978 and resampled 2019 in Kibale National Park,*** tested five ***,based on the purported role of seed dispersal and herbivory and our quantification of changes in the abundance of frugivores and herbivores,we tested two predictions of how faunal change could have influenced forest ***,based on an evaluation of life history strategies,we tested two predictions concerning how the forest could have changed following disturbance that happened prior to written ***,based on a 50-year climate record,we evaluate the possible influence of climate change on forest ***:More trees were present on the assessed transects in 2019(508)than in 1978(436),species richness remained similar,but diversity declined as the number of dominant species *** increased by only 3 mm over the 50 years but this had not significant effect on forest changes measured *** average monthly maximum temperature increased significantly by 1.05℃ over 50 *** abundance of frugivorous and folivorous primates and elephants increased over the 50 years of *** the prediction that an increase in abundance of seed dispersing frugivores increases the abundance of their preferred fruiting tree species,nor that as an increase in folivore abundance causes a decline in their preferred species were *** predicted,light-demanding species decreased in abundance while shade-tolerant species increased as expected from Kibale being disturbed prior to historical ***,while temperature increased over the 50 years,w

关键词： Climate change Elephants Succession Primates Disturbance Forest regeneration

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L-扁桃体酸脱氢酶的电化学特性

分析化学 2001年第7期29卷 755-759页

作者：刘慧宏 Hill H.A.O. chapman S.K.3 Department of Chemistry University of Edinburgh!westMainsRoad EdinburghEH93JJ Inorganic Chemistry Laboratory University of Oxford!SouthParksRoad OxfordOX13QR Scotland UK 襄樊学院化学化工系!襄樊441053

应用电化学方法研究了基因工程酶 (L 扁桃体酸脱氢酶 )的电化学性质 ,探讨了其催化机理。以聚赖氨酸为促进剂 ,L 扁桃体酸脱氢酶黄素微区在裂解石墨棱面 (EPG ,edge planepyrolyticgraphite)电极上有两对氧化还原峰 ( -0 .4 81V和 -0 .6... 详细信息

应用电化学方法研究了基因工程酶 (L 扁桃体酸脱氢酶 )的电化学性质 ,探讨了其催化机理。以聚赖氨酸为促进剂 ,L 扁桃体酸脱氢酶黄素微区在裂解石墨棱面 (EPG ,edge planepyrolyticgraphite)电极上有两对氧化还原峰 ( -0 .4 81V和 -0 .60 *** ,Tris缓冲溶液pH 7.5,扫描速度 2 0mV/s) ,显示出酶的辅基黄素单核苷酸 (FMN)与电极之间的电子传递过程。在此条件下 ,L 扁桃体酸脱氢酶黄素微区不能催化L 扁桃体酸脱氢 ,但用二茂铁甲酸和细胞色素C作为媒介体 ,能促进酶催化反应有效地进行

关键词：基因工程酶 L-扁桃体酸脱氢酶电化学

Regional scientific research benefits threatened-species conservation

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National Science Review 2019年第6期6卷 1076-1079页

作者： Yisi Hu Zhenhua Luo Colin A.chapman Stuart L.Pimm Samuel T.Turvey Michael J.Lawes Carlos A.Peres Tien Ming Lee Pengfei Fan School of Life Sciences Sun Yat-Sen University School of Life Sciences Central China Normal University Department of Anthropology and School of Environment Mc Gill University School of Life Sciences University of Kwa Zulu-Natal The College of Life Sciences Northwest University Nicholas School of the Environment Duke University

Although conventional wisdom considers knowledge of threatened species’ ecology and status essential for conservation, few studies demonstrate this in a quantitative way across many species and within the same political entity. Here,we evaluated the impacts of scientific research against conservation interventions(including funding) and specieslevel correlates, accounting for phylogenetic relatedness, on the conservation

关键词： China Regional scientific research benefits threatened-species conservation

Photochromism in Argyle Pink Diamonds

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Photochromism in Argyle Pink Diamonds

Estimated additional lifetime risk of cancer attributable to diagnostic CT in a pediatric bone marrow transplant cohort: Experience at a single academic institution

2013中国珠宝首饰学术交流会

作者： John chapman Keal Byrne Argyle Diamonds PerthAustralia

Argyle pink diamonds are type Ia and exhibit color-changing effects when illuminated with blue or UV light with a threshold at 465 *** level of color loss is dependent on the wavelength of illumination,increasing with shorter wavelengths while the intensity of light determines the rate of color *** restoration is achieved with light between 570 nm and 465 *** 300 nm the color is partially restored unless the diamond is illuminated with IR *** energy level diagram is proposed which includes single N and brown color centres.

关键词： pink diamonds color change photo-chromism

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Open Journal of Clinical Diagnostics 2012年第1期2卷 4-9页

作者： Jonathan O. Swanson Adam Alessio Teresa chapman Department of Radiology Seattle Children’s Hospital/University of Washington Seattle USA Department of Radiology University of Washington Seattle USA

Purpose: To determine the frequency of CT procedures in a cohort of bone marrow transplant patients and estimate the effective dose from each CT procedure as well as rough estimates of lifetime attributable risk (LAR) of cancer (both incidence and mortality). Background: Pediatric patients who undergo bone marrow transplant benefit greatly from the diagnostic power of computed tomography, but due to the need for frequent imaging, these patients are repeatedly exposed to the carcinogenic potential of ionizing radiation. Methods: CT Imaging and patient parameters were collected from a retrospective cohort of bone marrow transplant patients. Dosimetry was estimated as a function of age, dose length product (DLP), and scan region based on published DLP to effective dose tables. Lifetime attributable risk (LAR) of cancer as a function of age, gender, and organ specific dose was derived from BEIR VII phase 2 estimates. Results: 44 patients with bone marrow transplant were included and ranged in age from 7 months to 20 years (average age, 9 years). The average number of CT studies per patient was 3.2 over the 15 month period. The average effective dose for each study was 5.9 +/– 4.5 mSv. Cumulative effective dose to each patient was 20 +/– 32 mSv. It was estimated that in this cohort, the CT imaging performed over a 15-month period on a 64-slice scanner led to a lifetime additional risk of cancer incidence of 5 in 1000 and a lifetime additional risk of cancer mortality of 2 in 1000. Conclusion: Diagnostic CT is important in the assessment and management of ill patients following bone marrow transplant. The risk of ionizing radiation leading to additional development of cancer merits using as low a CT technique as reasonable to achieve a diagnostic study.

关键词： Ionizing Radiation Effective Dose CT Lifetime Additional Risk

China organ donation and transplantation update: the Hangzhou Resolution

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Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2014年第2期13卷 122-124页

作者： Jie-Fu Huang Shu-Sen Zheng Yong-Feng Liu Hai-Bo wang Jeremy chapman Philip O'Connell Michael Millis John Fung Francis Delmonico Department of Liver Surgery Peking Union Medical College Hospital National Organ Transplant Committee Ministry of Health The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University The First Hospital of China Medical University Department of Surgery The University of Hong Kong China Organ Transplant Response System Research Center Centre for Renal and Transplant Research Westmead Millenium InstituteSydney University Section of Transplantation Liver Transplantation and Hepatobiliary SurgeryUniversity of Chicago Department of General Surgery Transplant CenterDigestive Disease Institute Department of Surgery Massachusetts General Hospital

The much-anticipated change in the practice of organ donation and transplantation in China is now underway and affirmed by an important Hangzhou Resolution promulgated at the 2013 China Transplant *** of the National Health and Family Planning Commission On October 29,2013,in a meeting of the National Health and Family Planning Commission (NHFPC)officials with Jie-Fu Huang,Head of National Organ Transplant Committee(OTC), Hai-Bo wang,Director of China Organ Transplant Response System (COTRS)

关键词： Li China organ donation and transplantation update the Hangzhou Resolution Jun

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Ultrastructure of the gastro intestinal tract of healthy Japanese quail(Coturnix japonica) using light and scanning electron microscopy

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Animal Nutrition 2018年第4期4卷 378-387页

作者： Ngare wilkinson Ivan Dinev william J.Aspden Robert J.Hughes Ingrid Christiansen James chapman Sheeana Gangadoo Robert J.Moore Dragana Stanley Central Queensland University Institute for Future Farming Systems Poultry Cooperative Research Centre University of New England Armidale Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Trakia University South Australian Research and Development Institute Pig and Poultry Production Institute School of Animal and Veterinary Sciences University of Adelaide School of Science RMIT University Department of Microbiology Monash University

The Japanese quail(Coturnix japonica) are popular both as an alternative protein source and as a model of choice for scientific research in several disciplines. There is limited published information on the histological features of the intestinal tract of Japanese quail. The only comprehensive reference is a book published in 1969. This study aims to fill that niche by providing a reference of general histological features of the Japanese quail, covering all the main sections of the intestinal tract. Both light and scanning electron microscope(SEM) images are presented. Results showed that the Japanese quail intestinal tract is very similar to that of the chicken with the exception of the luminal koilin membrane of the gizzard. Scanning electron microscopic photomicrographs show that in the Japanese quail koilin vertical rods are tightly packed together in a uniform manner making a carpet-like appearance. This differs in chicken where the conformations of vertical rods are arranged in clusters.

关键词： Japanese quail Coturnix japonica Histology Microscopy Scanning electron microscopy Gastrointestinal tract

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电机学

作者： Stephen J.chapman

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