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Cellular and molecular mechanisms breaking immune tolerance in inborn errors of immunity

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2021年第5期18卷 1122-1140页

作者： Georgios Sogkas Faranaz Atschekzei Ignatius Ryan Adriawan Natalia Dubrowinskaja Torsten Witte Reinhold Ernst schmidt Department of Rheumatology and Immunology Hannover Medical SchoolHanoverGermany Hannover Medical School Cluster of Excellence RESIST(EXC 2155)HanoverGermany

In addition to susceptibility to infections,conventional primary immunodeficiency disorders(PIDs)and inborn errors of immunity(IEI)can cause immune dysregulation,manifesting as lymphoproliferative and/or autoimmune *** can be the prominent phenotype of PIDs and commonly includes cytopenias and rheumatological diseases,such as arthritis,systemic lupus erythematosus(SLE),and Sjogren’s syndrome(SjS).Recent advances in understanding the genetic basis of systemic autoimmune diseases and PIDs suggest an at least partially shared genetic background and therefore common pathogenic ***,we explore the interconnected pathogenic pathways of autoimmunity and primary immunodeficiency,highlighting the mechanisms breaking the different layers of immune tolerance to self-antigens in selected IEI.

关键词： Inborn errors of immunity Primary immunodeficiencies Autoimmunity Rheumatic diseases

Thermal evolution of an ancient subduction interface revealed by Lue Hf garnet geochronology, Halilba■? Complex(Anatolia)

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Geoscience Frontiers 2019年第1期10卷 127-148页

作者： Amaury Pourteau Erik E.Scherer Simon Schorn Rebecca Bast Alexander schmidt Lisa Ebert Institut für Erd- und Umweltwissenschaften Universit?t Potsdam Earth Dynamics Research Group ARC Centre of Excellence for Core to Crust Fluid Systems (CCFS) The Institute for Geoscience Research (TIGeR) School of Earth and Planetary Sciences Curtin University Münster Isotope Research Centre Institut für Mineralogie Westf?lische Wilhelms-Universit?t Münster Department of Geological Sciences University of Cape Town Institut für Geologie und Mineralogie Universit?t zu K?ln

The thermal structure of subduction zones exerts a major influence on deep-seated mechanical and chemical processes controlling arc magmatism, seismicity, and global element cycles. Accretionary complexes exposed inland may comprise tectonic blocks with contrasting pressureetemperature(Pe T)histories, making it possible to investigate the dynamics and thermal evolution of former subduction interfaces. With this aim, we present new Lue Hf geochronological results for mafic rocks of the Halilbag?Complex(Anatolia) that evolved along different thermal gradients. Samples include a lawsoniteeepidote blueschist, a lawsoniteeepidote eclogite, and an epidote eclogite(all with counter-clockwise Pe T paths),a prograde lawsonite blueschist with a "hairpin"-type Pe T path, and a garnet amphibolite from the overlying sub-ophiolitic metamorphic sole. Equilibrium phase diagrams suggest that the garnet amphibolite formed at w0.6 -0.7 GPa and 800 -850℃, whereas the prograde lawsonite blueschist records burial from 2.1 GPa and 420℃ to 2.6 GPa and 520℃. Well-defined Lue Hf isochrons were obtained for the epidote eclogite(92.38 ± 0.22 Ma) and the lawsoniteeepidote blueschist(90.19 ± 0.54 Ma),suggesting rapid garnet growth. The lawsoniteeepidote eclogite(87.30 ± 0.39 Ma) and the prograde lawsonite blueschist(ca. 86 Ma) are younger, whereas the garnet amphibolite(104.5 ± 3.5 Ma) is *** data reveal a consistent trend of progressively decreasing geothermal gradient from granulite-facies conditions at ~104 Ma to the epidote-eclogite facies around 92 Ma, and the lawsonite blueschist-facies between 90 Ma and 86 Ma. Three Lue Hf garnet dates(between 92 Ma and 87 Ma) weighted toward the growth of post-peak rims(as indicated by Lu distribution in garnet) suggest that the HP/LT rocks were exhumed continuously and not episodically. We infer that HP/LT metamorphic rocks within the Halilbag?Complex were subjected to continuous return flow, with "warm" rocks being exhumed during the tectonic bur

关键词： Subduction Lu/Hf dating of garnet Metamorphic sole Eclogite Blueschist Lawsonite

Differentiation of Fungal Destructive Behaviour of Wood by the White-Rot Fungus Fomes fomentarius by MALDI-TOF Mass Spectrometry

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Journal of Renewable Materials 2021年第3期9卷 381-397页

作者： Ehsan Bari Antonio Pizzi Olaf schmidt Siham Amirou Mohammad Ali Tajick-Ghanbary Miha Humar Department of Wood Sciences and Engineering Technical Faculty of No.1Mazandaran BranchTechnical and Vocational University(TVU)SariIran Department of Industrial Chemistry ENSTIB-LERMABUniversity of LorraineEpinalFrance Department of Wood Biology University of HamburgHamburgGermany Department of Mycology and Plant Pathology College of Agronomic SciencesAgricultural and Natural Resources UniversitySariIran Department of Wood Science and Technology Biotechnical FacultyUniversity of LjubljanaLjubljanaSlovenia

There are many methods to identify and recognize the molecular and behavioural differences between *** of the methods for the detection and identification of unknown organisms as well as intermolecular and intramolecular structural differences is MALDI-TOF mass ***,differentiation of Fomes fomentarius decay capabilities on the chemical properties of the wood cell wall of the tree species Quercus castaneifolia,Juglans regia,and Carpinus betulus were used to determine and characterize the destructive behaviour of *** decay by MALDI-TOF mass *** results showed that the fungus had more significant destructive behaviour on *** than the other *** this evidence,completely removal of xylan hemicellulose fragment+Na+at peak 1227 Da and severe digestion of fragment of glucomannan hemicellulose at peak 1477–1480 Da that it seems that signs of soft-rot patterns were obtained from the decayed sample of ***,while these were incremental and unchanged for *** and ***,***,*** had different peaks of atomic mass than *** and *** wood,*** results showed that this technique could be useful for separating and identifying unknown compounds of the wood cell wall attacked by fungi relying on their biological behaviour.

关键词： White-rot Fomes fomentarius MALDI-TOF fungal destructive behaviours

IL-1β limits the extent of human 6-sulfo LacNAc dendritic cell (slanDC)-mediated NK cell activation and regulates CD95-induced apoptosis

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2017年第12期14卷 976-985页

作者： Dejene Milkessa Tufa Fareed Ahmad Debanjana Chatterjee Gerrit Ahrenstorf Reinhold Ernst schmidt Roland Jacobs Department of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology Hannover Medical School30625 HannoverGermany

To function optimally,human blood natural killer(NK)cells need to communicate with other immune ***,it has been shown that NK cells communicate with 6-sulfo LacNAc dendritic cells(slanDCs),which are able to stimulate NK cells in *** this study,we investigated how slanDCs regulate the level of NK cell *** secretion of interleukin(IL)-1βby slanDCs during coculture with NK cells increased as a result of signaling via intercellular adhesion molecule-1 on slanDCs following its interaction with lymphocyte functionassociated antigen-1 on NK ***-1βinduced the expression of Fas receptor(CD95)on NK *** binding of Fas ligand(CD178)to CD95 induced the apoptosis of activated NK ***,IL-1βalso induced increased cyclooxygenase-2 expression in slanDCs,which in turn enabled the cells to secrete prostaglandin(PG)-***,PGE2 acted as a suppressing agent,tuning down the activation level of NK *** summary,IL-1βlimits the level of NK cell activation by inducing apoptosis and suppression as a homeostatic regulatory function.

关键词： COX-2 Fas-induced apoptosis immunosuppression NK cells slanDCs

Recent advances and applications of machine learning in solidstate materials science

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npj Computational Materials 2019年第1期5卷 394-429页

作者： Jonathan schmidt Mário R.G.Marques Silvana Botti Miguel A.L.Marques Institut für Physik Martin-Luther-Universität06120 Halle-WittenbergHalle(Saale)Germany Institut für Festkörpertheorie und-optik Friedrich-Schiller-Universität JenaMax-Wien-Platz 107743 JenaGermany

One of the most exciting tools that have entered the material science toolbox in recent years is machine *** collection of statistical methods has already proved to be capable of considerably speeding up both fundamental and applied *** present,we are witnessing an explosion of works that develop and apply machine learning to solid-state *** provide a comprehensive overview and analysis of the most recent research in this *** a starting point,we introduce machine learning principles,algorithms,descriptors,and databases in materials *** continue with the description of different machine learning approaches for the discovery of stable materials and the prediction of their crystal *** we discuss research in numerous quantitative structure–property relationships and various approaches for the replacement of first-principle methods by machine *** review how active learning and surrogate-based optimization can be applied to improve the rational design process and related examples of *** major questions are always the interpretability of and the physical understanding gained from machine learning *** consider therefore the different facets of interpretability and their importance in materials ***,we propose solutions and future research paths for various challenges in computational materials science.

关键词： learning gained starting

Disturbance of hepatic and intestinal microcirculation in experimental liver cirrhosis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2005年第6期11卷 846-849页

作者： Sasa-Marcel Maksan Eduard Ryschich Zilfi (U|¨)lger Martha Maria Gebhard Jan schmidt Department of Surgery

AIM: To analyze hepatic, mesenteric and mucosal microcirculation and leukocyte-endothelium interaction (LEI) in a rat model with liver ***: Hepatic cirrhosis was induced in Wistar rats by gavage with carbon tetrachloride, and intravital videomicroscopy was performed in liver, mesentery and small intestine mucosa. Special emphasis is given on microcirculatory and morphometric changes during cirrhotic portal ***: LEI was influenced significantly in the cirrhotic liver but not in the gut. Blood flow measurement showed significant differences among liver, main mesenteric vessels and the mucosa. The results of our study indicate that liver cirrhosis leads to alterations in hepatic and mesenteric blood flow but not in mucosal blood ***: The enhanced inflammatory response in hepatic microvessels may be caused by a decrease of antithrombin Ⅲ levels and could be responsible for disturbances of organ pathology.

关键词： Liver cirrhosis Microcirculation Small intestine Liver

Clinical profile of patients with advanced age and inflammatoric dilated cardiomyopathy on endomyocardial biopsy

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Journal of Geriatric Cardiology 2015年第6期12卷 605-612页

作者： Marc-Alexander Ohlow Ting-Hui Chen Andreas schmidt Joerg Saenger Bemward Lauer Department of Cardiology Zentralklinik Bad Berka Germany Institute of Pathology Zentralklinik Bad Berka Germany

Background Endomyocardial biopsy （EMB） is an important tool when patients with inflammatoric cardiomyopathy （DCMi） are evaluated. We aimed to assess the clinical profile of elderly patients with DCMi on EMB. Methods Retrospective study of all consecutive patients hospitalized from January 2007 to December 2011 with clinical suspicion of DCMi undergoing EMB. Patients with evidence of DCMi on EMB （Group 1 〉 70 years, n = 85; Group 3 〈 70 years; n = 418） were compared to patients of the same age group without evi- dence of DCMi on EMB （Group 2 〉 70 years, n = 45; Group 4 〈 70 years; n = 147）. Results Among 24,275 patients treated at our institu- tion during the study period, 695 had clinical suspicion of DCMi and underwent EMB; 503 （2.1%） patients had DCMi on EMB. There were more male patients in Group 1, mean age was 74 ~ 2.8 years, mean ejection fraction was 38% q- 14%. On presentation, signs of hemody- namic compromise （NYHA functional class IIUIV, low cardiac output/index, and low cardiac power index） were more frequent in Group 1. EMB revealed viral genome in 78% of the patients, parvovirus B 19 （PVB） was frequently encountered in both age groups （Group 1： 69.4% vs. Group 2： 59.6%）; detection of more than one viral genome was more frequent in Group 1 （21.2% vs. 11.2%; P = 0.02） whereas the extent of immune response was significantly lower in individuals with advanced age. Conclusions In patients 〉 70 years with DCMi on EMB signs of hemodynamic compromise, detection of multiple viral genomes together with an overall lower extent of immune response were more frequently observed.

关键词： Advanced age Clinical profile Dilated cardiomyopathy Endomyocardial biopsy Inflammation factors

Effects of A-site nonstoichiometry on oxide ion conduction in 0.94Bi_(0.5)Na_(0.5)TiO_(3)-0.06BaTiO_(3) ceramics

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Journal of Advanced Dielectrics 2016年第2期6卷 70-78页

作者： Sasiporn Prasertpalichat Whitney schmidt David P.Cann Materials Science School of Mechanical Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering Oregon State UniversityCorvallisOR 97331USA

Lead free 0.94(Bi_(0.5)Na_(0.5))TiO_(3)-0.06BaTiO_(3)ceramics were prepared by conventional solid-state mixed oxide route with the A-site stoichiometry modified to incorporate donor-doping(through Bi-excess)and acceptor-doping(through Na-excess).Both stoichiometric and nonstoichiometric ceramics exhibited a single perovskite phase with pseudo-cubic symmetry.A significant improvement in the dielectric properties was observed in Bi-excess compositions and a deterioration in the dielectric properties was observed in Na-excess *** spectroscopy was utilized to analyze the effects of A-site nonstoichiometry on conduction *** with Bi-excess resulted in an electrically homogeneous microstructure with an increase in resistivity by3-4 orders of magnitude and an associated activation energy of 1.57 eV which was close to half of the optical *** contrast,an electrically heterogeneous microstructure was observed in both the stoichiometric and Na-excess *** addition,the Na-excess compositions exhibited low resistivities(ρ-10^(3)Ω-cm)with characteristic peaks in the impedance data comparable to the recent observations of oxide ion conduction in(Bi_(0.5)Na_(0.5))TiO_(3).Long term annealing studies were also conducted at 800℃to identify changes in crystal structure and electrical *** results of this study demonstrates that the dielectric and electrical properties of 0.94(Bi_(0.5)Na_(0.5))TiO_(3)-0.06BaTiO_(3)ceramics are very sensitive to Bi/Na stoichiometry.

关键词： A-site nonstoichiometry oxide ion conduction lead free BNT-BT ceramics impedance spectroscopy ceramics.

Chronic hemodynamic adaptations induced by resistance training with and without blood flow restriction in adults:A systematic review and meta-analysis

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Sports Medicine and Health Science 2023年第4期5卷 259-268页

作者： Allison Russo Giorjines Boppre Cristine schmidt Lucimere Bohn Lusofona University Faculty of PsychologyEducation and SportPortoPortugal University of Porto Faculty of Sports(FADEUP)PortoPortugal Human Motricity Research Center University AdventistChillanChile Research Center in Physical Activity Healthand Leisure(CIAFEL)Laboratory for Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health(ITR)Portugal Surgery and Physiology Department University of PortoFaculty of Medicine(FMUP)PortoPortugal

The purposes of this systematic review and meta-analysis of peer-reviewed literature were to examine the chronic effects of resistance training with blood flow restriction(RT-BFR)on hemodynamics,and to compare these adaptations to those induced by traditional resistance training(TRT)programs in adults(PROSPERO:Registry:CRD42022339510).A literature search was conducted across PubMed,Sports Discus,Scielo,and Web of Science *** independent reviewers extracted study characteristics and blood pressure *** of bias(The Cochrane risk of bias tool for randomized controlled trials[RoB-2]),and the certainty of the evidence(Grading of Recommendations,Assessment,Development,and Evaluation[GRADE])were used.A total of eight studies met the inclusion criteria for systolic(SBP),diastolic(DBP),and mean arterial pressure(MAP).Regarding the comparison of RT-BFR ***-exercise,no significant differences favoring the exercise group were observed(p>0.05).However,when compared to TRT,RT-BFR elicited additional improvements on DBP(-3.35;95%CI-6.00 to-0.71;I^(2)=14%;z=-2.48,p=0.01),and on MAP(-3.96;95%CI-7.94 to 0.02;I^(2)=43%;z=-1.95,p=0.05).Results indicate that RT-BFR may elicit a decrease in DBP in comparison with TRT,but the lack of data addressing this topic makes any conclusion *** research on this topic is warranted.

关键词： Strength training Blood flow restriction Blood pressure Chronic effect