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Prevalence and Associated Factors of Diabetes Mellitus in Benin

Open Journal of Epidemiology 2015年第3期5卷 163-171页

作者： Alphonse Kpozehouen Francois Djrolo Charles J.Sossa Akpa R.Gbary Yessito Chouehanou Dieudonné Fambo Yessouf Tchabi roger salamon Dismand S. Houinato Assistant Professor Biostatistics/Epidemiology Institut Régional de Santé Publique Route des Esclaves Université d'Abomey-Calavi Ouidah Bénin Professor of Diabetology Faculty of Health Sciences Cotonou Benin Assistant Professor Nutrition/Public Health Institut Régional de Santé Publique Route des Esclaves Université d'Abomey-Calavi Ouidah Bénin Associate Professor of Epidemiology/Public Health Institut Régional de Santé Publique Route des Esclaves Université d'Abomey-Calavi Ouidah Bénin Programme National de Lutte contre les Maladies non Transmissibles Ministère de la Santé Cotonou Bénin Professor of Epidemiology ISPED Université de Bordeaux 2 Bordeaux France Professor of Neurology and Epidemiology Laboratory of Chronic and Neurological Diseases Epidemiology (LEMACEN) Faculty of Health Sciences Cotonou and National Program for Non-communicable Diseases Control Ministry of Health Cotonou Benin

Background: Data on diabetes mellitus in general population in Benin is scarce. This study aimed therefore to assess prevalence and risk factors of diabetes mellitus in Benin. Methods: The study consisted of a cross-sectional survey, using the World Health Organisation (WHO)’s instrument for stepwise surveillance (STEPS) of non-communicable diseases risk factors. A five-stage random sample of 25 to 64 years old male and female adults living in Benin participated in structured interviews and their size, weight and blood pressure were measured according to standardized procedures. Glycaemia was measured using ACCUTREND? test strips for capillary blood glucose. Prevalence and means were computed with their 95% confidence interval and standard error respectively, taking into account the sampling design. Prevalence was compared by Khi2 and means by Student’s t test. Univariate and multivariate logistic regressions were performed to identify socio-demographic diabetes’s risk factors. Results: A total of 3772 adults participated in the study. The average age of respondents was 44.2 years. Overall, 68.3% of subjects were illiterate, 82.4% lived in rural areas, 82.57% were self-employed, 20% overweight, 7.51% obese and the prevalence of hypertension was 29.5 p.100. The prevalence of diabetes mellitus was 1.4 p.100 [CI95% = (0.94:2.05)]. This prevalence was higher in men than in women (2.1% vs. 0.8%, p = 0.0031). This prevalence was higher in urban areas than in rural areas. The Littoral department had the highest prevalence (3.4%), followed by the Collines department (2.7%), Donga (2.4%) and Borgou (2.3%). As many as 49.3% of subjects diagnosed with diabetes mellitus were not aware of their status. The age group of 56 - 64 years had the highest risk [OR = 6.6, IC95% = (1.6;22.4)]. The risk of diabetes was higher in people living in urban areas than in people living in rural areas [OR = 3.04 CI95% = (1.6;6.0)]. After controlling for confounding factors, risk factors of diabet

关键词： Prevalence Risk Factors Diabetes Mellitus Benin

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Functions of nuclear factor Y in nervous system development,function and health

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第10期20卷 2887-2894页

作者： Pedro Moreira roger Pocock Development and Stem Cells Program Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute and Department of Anatomy and Developmental BiologyMonash UniversityMelbourneVICAustralia

Nuclear factor Y is a ubiquitous heterotrimeric transcription factor complex conserved across eukaryotes that binds to CCAAT boxes,one of the most common motifs found in gene promoters and *** the last 30 years,research has revealed that the nuclear factor Y complex controls many aspects of brain development,including differentiation,axon guidance,homeostasis,disease,and most recently ***,a complete understanding of transcriptional regulatory networks,including how the nuclear factor Y complex binds to specific CCAAT boxes to perform its function remains *** this review,we explore the nuclear factor Y complex’s role and mode of action during brain development,as well as how genomic technologies may expand understanding of this key regulator of gene expression.

关键词： axon guidance CCAAT boxes neuronal degeneration neuronal differentiation neuronal regeneration nuclear factor Y complex transcription factor transcriptional regulation

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Role of amygdala in mediating sexual and emotional behavior via coupled nitric oxide release

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Acta Pharmacologica Sinica 2005年第4期26卷 389-395页

作者： Elliott salamon Tobias ESCH George B STEFANO Neuroscience Research Institute State University of New York College at Old Westbury Old Westbury New York 11568 USA Neuroscience Research Institute State University of New York College at Old Westbury Old Westbury New York 11568 USA Charit University Medicine Berlin Institute for General Practice and Family Medicine Schumannstrasse 10117 Berlin Germany Neuroscience Research Institute State University of New York College at Old Westbury Old Westbury New York 11568 USA

Although the anatomical configuration of the amygdala has been studied a greatdeal,very little research has been conducted on understanding the precise mecha-nism by which this emotional regulatory center exerts its control on emotional andsexual *** applying research methodology from the Neuroscience Re-search Institute,State University of New York,College at Old Westbury,we in-tended to demonstrate that much of the mediated effects of the amygdala,specifi-cally the regulation of the male and female sexual response cycles,as well asrelated emotional considerations,exert their effects coupled to nitric oxide (NO)***,by using current anatomical and histological data,wedemonstrated that amygdalar tissue rich in endocannabinoid and opiate,as wellas catecholamine,receptors could exert its neurochemical effects within an NO-mediated *** paradigm,together with the existence of estrogen andandrogen signaling within the amygdala,further lends credence to our *** begin with a brief anatomical and functional review of amygdalarfunction,and then proceed to demonstrate its relationship with NO.

关键词： amygdala sex nitric oxide morphine emotion

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Antimicrobial impacts of selected Lamiaceae plants on bacteria isolated from vegetables and their application in edible films

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Food Bioscience 2023年第1期51卷 618-624页

作者： Eva Gyorgy Eva Laslo Bernadette salamon Sapientia Hungarian University of Transylvania(Cluj-Napoca Romania)Faculty of EconomicsSocio-Human Sciences and EngineeringDepartment of Food ScienceMiercurea CiucRomania

Fresh vegetables can be contaminated with spoilage and food-borne pathogenic bacteria during cultivation,harvesting,transport and further *** essential oils seem a promising solution for preserving vegetables incorporated in edible *** the study it was determined the prevalence of allochthonous bacteria on some fresh vegetables with classical cultivation and molecular biology *** evaluation of the antibacterial effect of Thymus vulgaris,Origanum vulgare,Mentha piperita and Melissa officinalis essential oils against identified bacteria from vegetables and on some standard foodborne pathogenic bacteria was realized with agar diffusion *** prevalence of allochthonous bacteria in the examined vegetables was *** some cases,high contamination level could be detected reaching the level of 104 colony forming units/*** identified bacteria belong to different genera like Bacillus,Enterobacter,Pseudomonas *** the tested plant essential oils,the most pronounced antibacterial effect was detected in the case of thyme and oregano,with over 30 mm inhibition *** isolated bacteria from vegetables showed higher resistance to the used essential *** results suggest that edible films containing thyme and oregano essential oils possess efficient antibacterial effect against mesophilic aerobic bacteria and Staphylococcus *** findings seem a promising solution for preserving vegetables with natural antimicrobial containing edible films.

关键词： Essential oils Antimicrobial activity Fresh vegetables Allochthonous bacteria Food-borne pathogens

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Early Cretaceous shifting of Zoophycos in the Ouarsenis Mountains(northwestern Algeria)

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Journal of Palaeogeography 2023年第4期12卷 603-623页

作者： Imad Bouchemla Li-Jun Zhang Madani Benyoucef Mariusz A.salamon Department of Geological Sciences Faculty of Biological and Agricultural SciencesMouloud Mammeri University of Tizi-OuzouP.O.Box.17DZ-15000 Tizi-OuzouAlgeria Laboratoire de G eomatique Ecologie et EnvironnementMustapha Stambouli-Mascara UniversityDZ-29000 MascaraAlgeria School of Resources and Environment Henan International Joint Laboratory of Biogenic Traces and Sedimentary MineralsHenan Polytechnic UniversityJiaozuo 454003Henan ProvinceChina Institute of Earth Sciences University of Silesia in KatowiceBędzi nska 6041-200 SosnowiecPoland

Early Cretaceous succession of the Oued Fodda Formation in the Ouarsenis Mountains(northwestern Algeria) is mainly composed of marl—limestone alternations, which are subdivided into four informal units(Units 1 to 4), based on distinct lithological, stratonomical, and ichnological features. The ichnological analysis reveals a low diversity of the trace-fossil assemblage, which is exclusively reported from Units 2 and *** ichnoassemblage contains six ichnotaxa(Chondrites intricatus, Ophiomorpha isp., Planolites isp., Thalassinoides isp., Zoophycos brianteus, and Zoophycos cauda-galli), among which Zoophycos and Chondrites are the most common elements of the assemblage and occur in distinct mud-rich substrates showing different bioturbation intensities. The development of Zoophycos in the middle part of Unit 2 shows a high degree of bioturbation(bioturbation index(BI) = 4). Zoophycos specimens are of large size, between 45 cm and 75 cm in width, which were interpreted to have formed in a lower offshore environment where the oxygenation amount was optimal, the sedimentation rate was low, and the benthic food was abundant on the seafloor. Toward the upper part of Unit 2, Zoophycos-bearing levels exhibit a less intense degree of bioturbation(BI between 1 and2) in contrast to Planolites-and Chondrites-bearing levels which have a bioturbation index(BI) between 3 and4. At these levels, Zoophycos displays relatively small, coiled to U-shaped spreiten, probably in response to stressful and dysoxic conditions prevailing in the water bottom. With improved oxygenation in a quiet lower offshore to shelf margin environment in Unit 3, the benthic organisms recovered, as represented by medium to large size Zoophycos in association with Ophiomorpha and scarce Chondrites burrows, even if the overall bioturbation intensity is very low. The combination of trace-fossil assemblage and lithofacies of the Oued Fodda Formation indicates relatively stable outer shelf environments below the s

关键词： Zoophycos Ethology Palaeoecology Lower Cretaceous Ouarsenis Mountains Algeria

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Long-Time Turbulence Model Deduced from the Navier-Stokes Equations

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Chinese Annals of Mathematics,Series B 2015年第5期36卷 883-894页

作者： roger LEWANDOWSKI IRMAR and Fluminance Team University of Rennes 1 and INRIA Campus Beaulieu

The author shows the existence of long-time averages to turbulent solutions of the Navier-Stokes equations and determines the equations satisfied by them, involving a Reynolds stress that is shown to be dissipative.

关键词： Navier-Stokes equations Weak solutions Turbulence modeling Reynolds stress

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Avian succession along ecological gradients： Insight from species-poor and species-rich communities of Sylvia warblers

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Current Zoology 2011年第3期57卷 307-317页

作者： Alban GUILLAUMET roger PRODON EPHE CEFE-CNRS UMR 5175 1919 route de Mende 34293 Montpellier cedex 5 France Department of Wildlife Fisheries & Aquaculture Mail Stop 9690 Mississippi State University Mississippi MS 39762 USA

The mechanisms responsible for species replacement during ecological successions is a long-standing and open debate. In this study, we examined the distribution of the Sardinian warbler Sylvia melanocephala along two grassland-to-forest gradients, one in a high-diversity area （Albera-Aspres chain in Catalonia： eight Sylvia warbler species） and one in a low-diversity area （Mount Hymittos in Greece： four species）. In Catalonia, distribution models suggested that the apparent exclusion of S. melanocephala from the open and forest ends of the gradient may be explained entirely by the preference of S. melanocephala for mid-successional shrublands. However, a joint analysis of both data sets revealed that： 1） S. melanocephala was more evenly dis- tributed along the vegetation gradient in Greece, suggesting ecological release in the low-diversity area; and 2） a distribution model assuming interspecific competition （based on the distribution of Sylvia species showing a negative co-occurrence pattern with S. melanocephala） had a significantly higher predictive ability than a distribution model based on habitat variables alone. Our study supports the view that species turnover along ecological gradients generally results from a combination of intrinsic preferences and interspecific competition [Current Zoology 57 （3）： 307-317, 2011].

关键词： Avian succession Cross-validation Diffuse competition Ecological release GLM Habitat selection Nichewidening Species distribution model

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A Relative Theory for Leibniz n-Algebras

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Algebra Colloquium 2016年第2期23卷 219-226页

作者： Guy roger Biyogmam Department of Mathematics Southwestern Oklahoma State University 100 Campus Drive Weatherford OK 73096 USA

In this paper we show that for an n-Filippov algebra g, the tensor power g ^n-1 is endowed with a structure of anti-symmetric co-representation over the Leibniz algebra g ^n-1. This co-representation is used to define some relative theories for Leibniz n-algebras with n 〉 2 and obtain exact sequences relating them. As a result, we construct a spectral sequence for the Leibniz homology of Filippov algebras.

关键词： Leibniz n-algebras Filippov algebras Leibniz homology

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Correction of disturbed pathophysiology of hepatic failure by albumin dialysis

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Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2008年第1期7卷 19-24页

作者： roger Williams Institute of Hepatology University College London Medical School 69-75 Chenies MewsLondonWC1E 6HXUK

Introduction In my presentation to the 4th International Symposium on Hepatic Failure and Artificial Liver Support in Chongqing on which this paper is based, I was specifically asked to address the question of whether albumin dialysis, as in the Molecular Adsorbents Recirculating System (MARS) did correct known abnormalities of the disturbed pathophysiology in liver failure. Before doing this

关键词： albumin dialysis

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Archaeal viruses-novel,diverse and enigmatic

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2012年第5期55卷 422-433页

作者： GARRETT roger A Archaea Centre Department of BiologyCopenhagen UniversityOle Maal esVej 5DK2200 Copenhagen NDenmark

Recent research has revealed a remarkable diversity of viruses in archaeal-rich environments where spindles, spheres, fila- ments and rods are common, together with other exceptional morphotypes never recorded previously. Moreover, their dou- ble-stranded DNA genomes carry very few genes exhibiting homology to those of bacterial and eukaryal viruses. Studies on viral life cycles are still at a preliminary stage but important insights are being gained especially from microarray analyses of viral transcripts for a few model virus-host systems. Recently, evidence has been presented for some exceptional archaeal- nspecific mechanisms for extra-cellular morphological development of virions and for their cellular extrusion. Here we sum- marise some of the recent developments in this rapidly developing and exciting research area.

关键词： virus morphotypes diversity and evolution life cycle temporal regulation cellular extrusion mechanism

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