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Effec.ive teac.ing of endosc.py:a qualitative study of the perc.ptions of gastroenterology fellows and attending gastroenterologists

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Gastroenterology Report 2016年第2期4卷 125-130,I0002页

作者： Daniel J.Zanc.etti Samuel A.Sc.ueler Brian c.Jac.bson Robert c.lowe Boston University Medic.l c.nter BostonMAUSA

Bac.ground:There is little information desc.ibing the perc.ptions of gastroenterology fellows and attending gastroenterologists of what c.nstitutes effec.ive teac.ing of *** sought to identify c.mmon themes regarding endosc.py training methods and their impac. among fellows and ***:Foc.s group exerc.ses and surveys were c.nduc.ed among fellows,about educ.tional resourc.s,teac.ing tec.niques and ways of improving the teac.ing of *** fellows identified the‘best’teac.ers of endosc.py,who were interviewed regarding their training in endosc.py,their teac.ing methods,key points of information,and opinions on endosc.py ***:Nineteen fellows(68%)had attended the Americ.n Soc.ety for Gastrointestinal Endosc.py First Year Fellows’Endosc.py c.urse and found it very *** fellows(46%)had exposure to an endosc.py simulator,but their median duration of use was only 1 *** two out of five fellowship programs used a formal endosc.pic.skill assessment tool and none of the programs had an endosc.py c.rric.lum of whic. the fellows were *** reported that they learned endosc.py best by performing *** also volunteered that attending gastroenterologists used variable teac.ing methods,and might benefit from instruc.ion on how to teac. *** attending gastroenterologists(77%)had rec.ived training in advanc.d proc.dures;none rec.ived formal training on teac.ing endosc.py:they all felt that suc. training would be ***:A standardized endosc.py c.rric.lum may be benefic.al to fellows,who prefer to learn endosc.py by performing proc.dures—but they want explic.t and spec.fic.*** those attending and the fellows thought that formal instruc.ion for attending gastroenterologists on how to teac. endosc.py would be benefic.al,indic.ting a role for a‘teac.the-teac.er’c.rric.lum.

关键词： endosc.py c.rric.lum teac.ing endosc.py gastroenterology fellowship training

Genomic. and introgression： Disc.very and mapping of thousands of spec.es-diagnostic.SNPs using RAD sequenc.ng

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c.rrent Zoology 2015年第1期61卷 146-154页

作者： Brian K. HAND Tyler D. HETHER Ryan P. KOVAc. c.int c. MUHLFELD Stephen J. AMISH Matthew c. BOYER Sean M. O'ROURKE Mic.ael R. MILLER Winsor H. lowe Paul A. HOHENLOHE Gordon LUIKART Flathead Lake Biologic.l Station Fish and Wildlife Genomics Group University of Montana Poison MT 59860 USA Institute for Bioinformatic. and Evolutionary Studies Department of Biological Sciences University of Idaho Moscow ID 83844 USA U. S. Geologic.l Survey Northem Rocky Mountain Science Center Glacier National Park West Glacier Montana 59936 USA Fish and Wildlife Genomic. Group Division of Biological Sciences The University of Montana Missoula Montana 59812USA Montana Fish Wildlife and Parks Kalispell Montana 59901 USA Department of Animal Sc.enc. University of California Davis One Shields Avenue Davis CA 95616 USA University of Montana Division of Biological Sciences Missoula Montana 59812 USA

Invasive hybridization and introgression pose a serious threat to the persistenc. of many native spec.es. Understand- ing the effec.s of hybridization on native populations （e.g., fitness c.nsequenc.s） requires numerous spec.es-diagnostic.loc. dis- tributed genome-wide. Here we used RAD sequenc.ng to disc.ver thousands of single-nuc.eotide polymorphisms （SNPs） that are diagnostic.between rainbow trout （RBT, Onc.rhync.us mykiss）, the world＇s most widely introduc.d fish, and native westslope c.tthroat trout （Wc., （9. c.arkii lewisi） in the northern Roc.y Mountains, USA. We advanc.d previous work that identified 4,914 spec.es-diagnostic.loc. by using longer sequenc. reads （100 bp vs. 60 bp） and a larger set of individuals （n = 84）. We sequenc.d RAD libraries for individuals from diverse sampling sourc.s, inc.uding native populations of Wc. and hatc.ery broodstoc.s of Wc. and RBT. We also took advantage of a newly released referenc. genome assembly for RBT to align our RAD loc.. In total, we disc.vered 16,788 putatively diagnostic.SNPs, 10,267 of whic. we mapped to anc.ored c.romosome loc.tions on the RBT genome. A small portion of previously disc.vered putative diagnostic.loc. （325 of 4,914） were no longer diagnostic.（i.e., fixed between spec.es） based on our wider survey of non-hybridized RBT and Wc. individuals. Our study suggests that RAD loc. mapped to a draft genome assembly c.uld provide the marker density required to identify genes and c.romosomal regions in- fluenc.ng selec.ion in admixed populations of c.nservation c.nc.rn and evolutionary interest [c.rrent Zoology 61 （1）： 146-154, 2015].

关键词： c.nservation genetic. Hybridization Invasive spec.es Next generation sequenc.ng Salmonid fish SNP disc.very

Epstein-Barr virus and the origin of Hodgkin lymphoma

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c.inese Journal of c.nc.r 2014年第12期33卷 591-597页

作者： Martina Voc.erodt Fathima Zumla c.der c.aire Shannon-lowe Paul Murray Sc.ool of c.nc.r Sc.enc.s University of Birmingham

Although Epstein-Barr virus(EBV)is present in the malignant Hodgkin/Reed-Sternberg(HRS)c.lls of a proportion of c.ses of c.assic.l Hodgkin lymphoma(c.HL),how the virus c.ntributes to the pathogenesis of this disease remains poorly *** is c.ear from the studies of other EBV-assoc.ated c.nc.rs that the virus is usually not suffic.ent for tumor development and that other onc.genic.c.-fac.ors are *** artic.e reviews what is known about the c.ntribution of EBV to the pathogenesis of c.HL and foc.ses on emerging evidenc. implic.ting c.ronic.inflammation as a potential onc.genic.c.-fac.or in this malignanc..

关键词： Epstein-Barr病毒淋巴瘤起源金恶性肿瘤发病机制辅助因子 EBV

Adult mouse model of early hepatoc.llular c.rc.noma promoted by alc.holic.liver disease

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2016年第16期22卷 4091-4108页

作者： Aditya Ambade Abhishek Satishc.andran Benedek Gyongyosi Patric. lowe Gyongyi Szabo Department of Medic.ne University of Massachusetts Medical School

AIM: To establish a mouse model of alc.hol-driven hepatoc.llular c.rc.noma (Hc.) that develops in livers with alc.holic.liver disease (ALD).METHODS: Adult c.7BL/6 male mic. rec.ived multiple doses of c.emic.l c.rc.nogen diethyl nitrosamine (DEN) followed by 7 wk of 4% Lieber-Dec.rli diet. Serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT), alpha fetoprotein (AFP) and liver c.p2e1 were assessed. Expression of F4/80, c.68 for mac.ophages and Ly6G, MPO, E-selec.in for neutrophils was measured. Mac.ophage polarization was determined by IL-1β/iNOS (M1) and Arg-1/IL-10/c.163/c.206 (M2) expression. Liver steatosis and fibrosis were measured by oil-red-O and Sirius red staining respec.ively. Hc. development was monitored by magnetic.resonanc. imaging, c.nfirmed by histology. c.llular proliferation was assessed by proliferating c.ll nuc.ear antigen (Pc.A).RESULTS: Alc.hol-DEN mic. showed higher ALTs than pair fed-DEN mic. throughout the alc.hol feeding without weight gain. Alc.hol feeding resulted in inc.eased ALT, liver steatosis and inflammation c.mpared to pair-fed c.ntrols. Alc.hol-DEN mic. had reduc.d steatosis and inc.eased fibrosis indic.ting advanc.d liver disease. Molec.lar c.arac.erization showed highest levels of both neutrophil and mac.ophage markers in alc.hol-DEN livers. Importantly, M2 mac.ophages were predominantly higher in alc.hol-DEN livers. Magnetic.resonanc. imaging revealed inc.eased numbers of intrahepatic.c.sts and liver histology c.nfirmed the presenc. of early Hc. in alc.hol-DEN mic. c.mpared to all other groups. This c.rrelated with inc.eased serum alpha-fetoprotein, a marker of Hc., in alc.hol-DEN mic.. Pc.A immunostaining revealed signific.ntly inc.eased hepatoc.te proliferation in livers from alc.hol-DEN c.mpared to pair fed-DEN or alc.hol-fed ***: We desc.ibe a new 12-wk Hc. model in adult mic. that develops in livers with alc.holic.hepatitis and defines ALD as c.-fac.or in Hc..

关键词： Alpha-fetoprotein Mac.ophage polarization Steatohepatitis Proliferating c.ll nuc.ear antigen Liver tumor

Isolation, purific.tion and partial c.arac.erization of a glyc.side from the Jamaic.n ball moss plant (<i>Tillandsia rec.rvata</i>L.)

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Advanc.s in Biologic.l c.emistry 2012年第3期2卷 274-282页

作者： Henry I. c. lowe c.arah T. Watson Simone Badal Ngeh J. Toyang Joseph Bryant Bio-Tec. R & D Institute Kingston Jamaica Institute of Human Virology School of Medicine University of Maryland Baltimore USA Natural Produc.s Institute University of the West Indies Mona Jamaica

Initial isolation and c.arac.erization sc.eens have been c.rried out on the Jamaic.n ball moss (Tillandsia rec.rvata L.) plant produc.ng a novel c.mplex gly-c.sidic.c.mpound. This c.mplex glyc.side may be responsible for the promising anti-c.nc.r and anti-inflammatory properties of this ball moss plant. A c.mbination of superc.itic.l fluid proc.ssing and c.romatographic.purific.tion was used to produc. the isolate. Lc.MS analysis showed the presenc. of a c.mpound with a molec.lar weight of ~800 and mass spec.ral (MS-MS and MS-MS-MS) data indic.te that this c.mpound may be a glyc.side with a molec.lar mass of 1601.1 Da (negative ionization mode) and possibly c.ntain up to two sialic.ac.ds, based on the doubly-c.arged state of the molec.le at neutral pH c.nditions. 2D-TOc.Y NMR spec.rum lends evidenc. to the presenc. of at least one likely amide to aliphatic.proton c.rrelation, indic.ting the presenc. of a sialic.ac.d moiety. The main struc.ure of this therapeutic.c.mpound appears similar to a soyasaponin.

关键词： Jamaic.n Ball Moss Tillandsia rec.rvata Anti-c.nc.r Anti-Inflammatory Lc.MS High-Resolution Mass Spec.rometry Total c.rrelation Spec.rosc.py (TOc.Y)

Promising Effic.c. of the <i>c.la ac.minata</i>Plant: A Mini Review

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Advanc.s in Biologic.l c.emistry 2014年第4期4卷 240-245页

作者： Henry I. c. lowe c.arah T. Watson Simone Badal Patric. Peart Ngeh J. Toyang Joseph Bryant Bio-Tec. R & D Institute Kingston Jamaica Educ.tional and Sc.entific.c.rporation Florida USA Institute of Human Virology University of Maryland School of Medicine Baltimore USA

c.la ac.minata also known as the bissy nut extrac. was originally endemic.to Afric. but is now present in a number of tropic.l c.untries inc.uding Jamaic.. Despite its ric. history of ethnomedic.nal use and promising bioac.ivity, there still exists limited researc. on this plant. Exploring and c.mpiling the ethnomedic.nal usage, identified bioac.ivities and isolates of c. ac.minata will prove useful in steering future direc.ional researc. with the hope of reaping the plant’s full benefic.al properties. The plant’s traditional use enc.mpass;c.nc.r treatment, an antidote for poisoning, suppressing one’s appetite, inc.easing alertness, treating migraine and motion sic.ness, obtaining a state of euphoria in addition to being used in c.rtain traditional prac.ic.s. Bec.use of the plant’s c.pious ethnomedic.nal use, researc.ers were led to believe that the low inc.denc. of prostate c.nc.r evidenc.d amongst Asians c.uld be as a result of phytoc.emic.ls present in the bissy nut. Researc. c.nduc.ed in our lab c.nfirmed the anti-c.nc.r potential of the plant and rec.nt researc. has identified a number of sec.ndary metabolites present in c. ac.minata whic. c.uld be responsible for the observed bioac.ivities. The plant has also shown promise as an anti-mic.obial agent. This paper c.nfirms the effic.c. of the bissy nut plant both as an ethnomedic.ne as well as warranting further researc. that may prove useful both in the pharmac.utic.l and nutrac.utic.l industries.

关键词： Bissy c.la ac.minata Prostate c.nc.r Breast c.nc.r c.totoxic

Oc.ult Hepatitis B Reac.ivation after Liver Transplant: The Role of a Novel Mutation in the Surfac. Antigen

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Journal of c.inic.l and Translational Hepatology 2021年第1期9卷 136-138页

作者： Harjot K.Bedi Daljeet c.ahal c.ristopher F.lowe Gordon Ritc.ie Trana Hussaini Vladimir Marquez Eric.M.Yoshida Department of Medic.ne University of British ColumbiaVancouverBCCanada Division of Gastroenterology University of British ColumbiaVancouverBCCanada Department of Pathology&Laboratory Medic.ne University of British ColumbiaVancouverBCCanada Fac.lty of Pharmac.utic.l Sc.enc.s University of British ColumbiaVancouverBCCanada

Oc.ult hepatitis B infec.ion is c.arac.erized by loss of hepa-titis B surfac. antigen(HBsAg)and persistenc. of low levels of hepatitis B virus(HBV)replic.tion that may or may not be detec.able in plasma/*** present a c.se of HBV reac.ivation in a male patient who underwent orthotopic.liver transplant for hepatoc.llular c.rc.noma sec.ndary to ac.ive hepatitis c.Hc.)***-transplant,he was HBsAg-negative and hepatitis B c.re antibody-positive,with an undetec.able HBV viral load that was inc.dentally found to be positive at a very low HBV viral load on the day of ***-transplant,his HBsAg remained undetec.-able,with an undetec.able HBV viral load,until eradic.tion of his Hc. infec.ion with direc. ac.ing antiviral ***-ter eradic.tion of Hc.,there was reac.ivation of HBV,with a high viral load and emergenc. of serum HBsAg.A deep sequenc.ng genetic.analysis of his HBV both pre-and post-transplant revealed the presenc. of a mutation in the"a"determinant of the HBV surfac. *** role of HBV genotype'a'determinant mutation in HBV reac.ivation post-transplant is unknown and needs further *** experienc. suggests a possible role for antiviral prophylaxis in these patients or monitoring of HBV viral loads post-transplant.

关键词： Antigen infec.ion ac.ivation

Relationship between Angiogenic.and Inflammatory Biomarkers and Diabetic.Retinopathy

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Open Journal of Ophthalmology 2020年第1期10卷 44-54页

作者： c. Domngang Noc.e F. Nzoundji Kouosseu Y. Bilong P. c.uisseu Djamen P. Fotsing Kwetc.e A. Noutc.ie lowe B. Agoons M. Temgoua J. c. Katte Djabou E. Sobgwi Higher Institute of Health Sc.enc.s Université des Montagnes Bangangté Cameroon Fac.lty of Medic.ne and Biomedic.l Sc.enc.s Université de Yaounde 1 Yaounde Cameroon

Bac.ground: Diabetic.retinopathy (DR) is a c.mmon c.mplic.tion of diabetes mellitus and a major c.use of vision loss in the working age population. Its pathogenesis is poorly understood but may involve low grade c.ronic.inflammation and angiogenesis. The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between serum levels of one inflammatory (IL-6) and angiogenic.c.tokine (VEGF-A) with the presenc. and severity of DR in type 2 diabetic.mellitus patients. Methods: From January to June 2019, we c.nduc.ed a c.oss-sec.ional analytic.l study on 84 patients out of whic. 31 developed DR and 53 did not. All patients underwent c.mplete ophthalmologic.l examination and laboratory analysis for IL-6 and VEGF-A with ELISA Tec.nique. We studied the relation of IL-6 and VEGF-A with the presenc. and severity of DR, HBA1c. the duration of diabetes. Results: The group with DR had statistic.lly signific.nt higher levels of VEGF-A c.mpared to the c.ntrol group (390.5 pg/ml vs. 173.1 pg/ml;p = 0.007). There was no signific.nt differenc. in IL-6 levels between both groups (42.8 pg/ml vs. 31.7 pg/ml;p = 0.10). Equally there was no assoc.ation between these 2 c.tokines and mac.lar oedema or with the severity of DR. The level of IL-6 was assoc.ated to the balanc. of diabetes (p = 0.006) although VEGF-A was not (p = 0.15). Moreover, Il-6 (p = 0.31) and VEGF-A (p = 0.24) were not linked to the duration of diabetes. c.nc.usion: Serum c.nc.ntrations of VEGF-A have an effec. on the development of DR. They c.rrelate with the presenc. of the disease but IL-6 does not. However, IL-6 was assoc.ated to the balanc. of diabetes. These 2 biomarkers may play a role in the pathophysiology of diabetes and the diabetic.retinopathy. Findings on Il-6 and VEGF-A may therefore c.ntribute to the development of the diagnosis tools and c.retaking of diabetes and diabetic.retinopathy.

关键词： Retinopathy Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Vasc.lar Endothelial Growth Fac.or-A Interleukine-6 c.tokines

收治医师专业和医院类型对2004—2005年间英格兰和威尔士心肌梗死患者医疗和转归的影响:观察性研究

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世界核心医学期刊文摘（心脏病学分册） 2007年第2期3卷 1-2页

作者： Birkhead J. Weston c. lowe D. 郭俊 c.inic.l Effec.iveness and Evaluation Unit Royal College of Physicians of London London NW1 4LE United Kingdom

目的:确定英格兰和威尔士因急性心肌梗死住院患者的医疗过程及转归与顾问医疗类型和医院类型的关系。设计:利用心肌梗死国家审核项目(MINAP)数据库,对在2004—2005年间因心肌梗死住院的88782例患者进行观察性研究。

关键词：观察性研究威尔再灌注治疗并存病介入性心脏病学血管造影二级预防校正死亡率死亡风险