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The Calabrian Stage redefined

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Episodes 2008年第4期31卷 408-419页

作者： Maria Bianca Cita Luca Capraro Neri Ciaranfi Enrico Di Stefano Fabrizio Lirer Patrizia Maiorano Maria Marino Isabella Raffi Domenico Rio rodolfo Sprovieri Simona Stefanelli Gian Battista Vai Universita di Milano Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra ＂Ardito Desio＂ via Mangiagalli 34 20133 Milano Italy Universita di Padova Dipaltimento di Geoscienze via Giotto 1 35137 Padova Italy Universita di Bali Dipartimento di Geologia e Geofisica via Orabona 4 70125 Bali Italy Universita di Palermo Dipartimento di Geologia e Geodesia via Archirafi 22 90123 Palermo Italy. Istituto per I＇Ambiente Malino Costiero （IAMC） CNR Calata Porta di Massa 80133 Napoli Italy Universita di Chieti-Pescara Dipartimento di Geotecnologie per l＇Ambiente ed il Territorio via dei Vestini 3 1 66013 Chieti Scalo Italy Universita di Bologna Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra e Geologico-ambientali. Piazza di porta San Donato 1 40126 Bologna Italy.

The name Calabrian was introduced in the geological literature by the French stratigrapher Maurice Gignoux in 1910, and later described in his important monograph （633 pages）＂Les formations marines pliocknes et quaternaires de l＇ltalie du sud et de la Sicile ＂published in 1913. Detailed data were provided on several sections （Santa Maria di Catanzaro, Caraffa, Monasterace, Palermo） and on their fossil content. The Calabrian Stage has commonly been used for over fifty years as the oldest subdivision of the Qua- ternary, notably in the time scales of Berggren ＆ van Cou- vering （1974） and Haq ＆ Eysinga （1987）. However, after the GSSP for the Pliocene/Pleistocene boundary （P/P） was approved by INQUA in 1982 and ratified by lUGS in 1984 at the Vrica section of Calabria, there was a decline in the usage of the stage name, and an increasing tendency by many Quaternary workers to question the boundary stratotype. This was because there was increasing evidence that it did not correspond to the beginning of the ＂ice age＂. In doing so, they were not complying with the recommendations presented at the 18th International Geological Congress （IGC） in London, 1948 （Oakley, 1950）.

关键词：意大利卡拉布里亚地质学地层

Effects of Post-Training Blockade of GABABReceptor on Memory of Food Location and Expression of Synapsin I in the Hippocampus of Pigeons (Columba livia)

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Journal of Behavioral and Brain Science 2014年第12期4卷 579-589页

作者： Fernando Canova rodolfo Souza Faria Elenice Aparecida de Moraes Ferrari Laboratory of Neural Systems and Behavior Department of Structural and Functional Biology Institute of Biology State University of Campinas—UNICAMP Campinas Brazil

This study investigated effects of post-training treatment with phaclofen, GABAB receptor antagonist, on the memory of food location and on the expression of Synapsin I in the hippocampus of pigeons. Pigeons were trained in food location (7 sessions) and underwent post-training treatment with phaclofen (0.3 mg/kg, i.p.;PHAC), saline (SAL) or non-treated (NTR). Testing for memory persistence occurred 7 days after the last training session (PHACR, SALR and NTRR Groups). Pigeons treated with phaclofen had lower latency and higher correct choice values than saline and non-treated controls (p < 0.05). Analysis of hippocampus tissue indicated that Synapsin I-positive cell counts were higher in pigeons treated with phaclofen than in saline and non-treated controls (p < 0.05). Data indicated enhancement of consolidation and persistence of food location memory, and up-regulation of Synapsin I expression in the hippocampus of pigeons, which were related with post-training blockade of GABAB receptors.

关键词： Spatial Memory Hippocampus Synapsin I GABAB Receptor Pigeon

Use of Optoelectronic Systems for the Analysis of Technique in Trials

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Journal of Sports Science 2016年第5期4卷 293-299页

作者： rodolfo Vastola Vladimir Medved Albano Daniele Silvia Coppola Maurizio Sibilio Motion Analysis Laboratory Department of Human Philosophical and Educational Sciences University of Salerno FiscianoSalerno 84084 Italy

Optoelectronic systems represent the gold standard of technologies used in the motion analysis for the evaluation of kinematics. Trials, a specialty of mountain biking, differ a lot from other cycling specialties, because in addition to pedaling, they require jumping techniques to overcome obstacles that involve the whole body. In this sport, more than in others, the evaluation of technical movements using optoelectronic systems goes far beyond simply assessing the biomechanics of pedaling or the correct positioning on the bike. Starting from a previous study conducted with video analysis technique applied to the lateral jumping technique, two versions of this technique were compared, considering the kinematics of the act, taking into account both the data relating the subject and the bicycle. The joint angles of the lower limbs and the angles described by the bicycle on the three space plane were considered. The major differences have been found in the ＂leap over＂ phase, about the bending of the lower limbs and the angles described by the bicycle.

关键词： Optoelectronic systems trials kinematics side hop technique.

Multilayers Plates Buckling by Mixed Finite Elements

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Journal of Civil Engineering and Architecture 2017年第10期11卷 943-951页

作者： Roberto S. Carnicer Braian A. Desia rodolfo A. Schwarz Faculty of Engineering University of Belgrano Buenos Aires C1059ABQ Argentina

It is presented a buckling analysis ofmultilayered plates by the finite elements method with mixed unknowns （displacement and rotations, and transverse interlaminar stresses）. In the mixed model, each layer is analyzed as a single plate, where the continuity of displacement is ensured by Lagrange multipliers which represent static variables. This procedure is easy to be implemented from the computational point of view. A methodology to solve the eigen problem is presented based on the inverse iteration method. The model is verified successfully with results obtained by other authors.

关键词： Multilayered plates buckling finite elements interlaminar stresses.

Direct Assessment of Interlaminar Stresses in Composite Multilayered Plates Using a Layer-Wise Mixed Finite Element Model

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Journal of Civil Engineering and Architecture 2016年第6期10卷 696-706页

作者： Roberto S. Camicer Braian A. Desia rodolfo A. Schwarz Faculty of Engineering University of Belgrano Buenos Aires C1059ABQ Argentina

An accurate determination of intedaminar transversal stresses in composite multilayered plates, especially near free-edge, is of great importance in the study of inter-ply damage modes, mainly in the initiation and growth of delamination. In this paper, interlaminar stresses are determined by layer-wise mixed finite element model. Each layer is analyzed as an isolated one where the displacement continuity is ensured by means of Lagrange multipliers （which represent the statics variables）. This procedure allows the authors to work with any single plate model, obtaining the interlaminar stresses directly without loss of precision. The FSDT （first shear deformation theory） with transverse normal strain effects included is assumed in each layer, but Lagrange polynomials are used to describe the kinematic instead of Taylor＇s polynomial functions of the thickness coordinates, as is common. This expansion allows the authors to pose the interlaminar displacements compatibility simpler than the second one. The in-plane domain of the plate is discretized by four-node quadrilateral elements, both to the field of displacement and to the Lagrange multipliers. The mixed interpolation of tensorial components technique is applied to avoid the shear-locking in the finite element model. Several examples were carried out and the results have been satisfactorily compared with those available in the literature.

关键词： Interlaminar stresses multilayered plates mixed finite element Lagrange multipliers.

Determination of Natural Frequencies of Multilayered Plates by Mixed Finite Elements

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Journal of Mechanics Engineering and Automation 2014年第10期4卷 820-827页

作者： Roberto S. Carnicer Braian A. Desia rodolfo A. Schwarz Faculty of Engineering University of Belgrano Autonomous City of Buenos Aires C1426BMJ Argentina

Natural frequencies for multilayer plates are calculated by mixed finite element method. The main object of this paper is to use the mixed model for multilayer plates, analyzing each layer as an isolated plate, where the continuity of displacements is achieved by Lagrange multipliers （representing static variables）. This procedure allows us to work with any model for single plate （so as to ensure the proper behavior of each layer）, and the complexity of the multilayer system is avoided by ensuring the condition of displacements by the Lagrange multipliers （static variables）. The plate is discretized by finite element modeling based on a primary hybrid model, where the domain is divided by quadrilateral, both for the displacement field and static variables. This mixed element for plates was implemented and several examples of vibrations have been verified successfully by the results obtained by other methods in the literature.

关键词： Mixed finite element multilayer plate Lagrange multipliers natural frequencies free vibrations.

Dynamic Simulation of Absorber for Solar Adsorption Refrigerator: A Validated Numerical Model

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Energy and Power Engineering 2017年第8期9卷 464-477页

作者： rodolfo Echarri Inna Samsón Andrei Gariaev Andrés Sartarelli Instituto del Desarrollo Humano Universidad Nacional de General Sarmiento Buenos Aires Argentina Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET) Buenos Aires Argentina Laboratorio de Energías Alternativas Instituto Tecnológico de Santo Domingo Santo Domingo Dominican Department of Heat and Mass Transfer Processes and Systems Moscow Power Engineering Institute Moscow Russia

In this work, a numerical model is presented that describes the transfer of heat and mass inside a cylindrical regenerator of a solar adsorption refrigerator that uses the methanol/activated-carbon refrigerant pair. This model is based on the equations of mass conservation, energy conservation, Darcy’s law and the balance model between sorbate and sorbent given by the Dubinin-Astak- hov’s equation. On the other hand, the linear driving force (LDF) model is used to describe the rate of desorption. In the developed model, the spatial variation of methanol vapor pressure within the activated carbon bed is taken into account and, as one of the boundary conditions, the temperature is used at the external surface of the absorber measured experimentally along the day. Using the developed model, the temperature, pressure and concentration of methanol were calculated;both inside the grains of carbon and in the space between the grains, as a function of time. The algorithm was validated comparing the numerical results with the experimental data, obtaining a satisfactory concordance.

关键词： Adsorption Solar Ice Maker Methanol Activated Carbon

Characterization of serum complement activity in serum of the Komodo dragon (Varanus komodoensis)

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Advances in Biological Chemistry 2012年第4期2卷 353-359页

作者： Mark Merchant Danyell Henry rodolfo Falconi Becky Muscher Judith Bryja Department of Chemistry McNeese State University Lake Charles USA Department of Herpetology Houston Zoo Houston USA Department of Herpetology San Antonio Zoo San Antonio USA

Incubation of different volumes of serum from the Komodo dragon (Varanus komodoensis) with sheep red blood cells (SRBCs) resulted in volume-dependent hemolysis, as measured spectrophotometrically at 540 nm. The hemolysis occurred rapidly, with almost 90% of the hemolytic activity occurring within 20 min of incubation. A thermal profile showed that Komodo dragon serum exhibited low activity from 5- 20℃, but exerted maximum activity at 35℃, which was substantially reduced at 40℃. The maximum activity was observed near optimal temperatures to which Komodo dragons thermoregulate. Mild heat treatment of Komodo dragon serum (56℃, 30 min) depleted the ability to hemolyze SRBCs. In addition, preincubation of Komodo dragon serum with only 5 mM EDTA or phosphate, both chelators of divalent metal ions, reduced the hemolytic activity sharply. These results indicate that the hemolytic activity was due to the presence of a potent serum complement system. Incubation of Komodo dragon serum with 5 mM EDTA and 15 mM Ca2+ or Mg2+, but not Ba2+, Zn2+, or Fe2+, completely restored activity. These results indicate that Komodo dragon serum complement activity requires the presence of Mg2+ or Ca2+. This is the first assessment of innate immune activity of a Varanid.

关键词： Innate Immunity SRBC Hemolysis Varanid

The Correlation Between Technologies and Rating Scales in Gait Analysis

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Journal of Sports Science 2016年第3期4卷 119-123页

作者： Ilaria Viscione Francesca D'Elia rodolfo Vastola Maurizio Sibilio Department of Humanities Philosophy and Education University of Salerno Fisciano Salerno ltaly 84084 Italy

Gait is a key function of human movement which plays an important role in motion analysis. Both in the clinical field and in rehabilitation, gait analysis is useful to evaluate the parameters that are modified following the administration of a protocol of adapted physical activity （APA）. Gait parameters could be measured using traditional rating scales, such as the Short Physical Performance Battery （SPPB） and technologies as a support to provide an assessment of gait quality. The aim of this study is to increase the objectivity of gait data obtained before and after a targeted APA program for a group of elderly people by integrating the traditional SPPB rating scale with the G Walk digital system. The former is an assessment tool to evaluate the functioning of lower extremity, in terms of chair stand, walk, and standing balance; whereas the latter can objectively evaluate the parameters of the gait. The sample was composed of I 1 adults aged between 67 and 94 years. The participants were chosen on the basis of a number of tests carried out to analyze their levels of autonomy, intellectual capacities and motor functioning. It has planned a six months APA protocol： before and after it, SPPB and G-Walk were administered. The results showed that space-time characteristics generally improve after APA intervention; therefore, the use of technology is a useful support for the evaluation scales.

关键词： Gait analysis short physical performance battery G-Walk adapted physical activity.