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New technologies as a strategy to decrease medication errors: how do they affect adults and children differently?

World Journal of Pediatrics 2016年第1期12卷 28-34页

作者： Margarita Ruano Elena Villamañán Ester Pérez Alicia Herrero rodolfo álvarez-sala Department of Pharmacy La Paz University HospitalMadridSpain Department of Pneumology La Paz University HospitalMadridSpain

Background:Medication error can occur throughout the drug treatment process,with special relevance in children given the risk of adverse effects resulting from a medication error is more prevalent than in *** significance of medication error in children is also greater because small error that would be tolerated in adults can cause significant damage in ***,the likelihood of injury is higher than in *** sources:Based on the data published,most medication errors take place in prescribing and administration stages in both *** in account that child's risk factors are different from those of adults,with some specific causes to pediatrics,we have reviewed available data about new technologies as a strategy to reduce pediatric medication ***:Even though there is a lack of standardized definitions and terminology that makes studies difficult to compare,we checked that new technologies have proven to be effectives in reducing medication errors,mainly computerized physician order entry(CPOE)and platforms to aid ***,we also observed that the use of these informatic tools can also generate new ***:Implementation of CPOE programs for pediatrics,communication improvement between healthcare professionals taking care of admitted children and the knowledge of these programs should be the mayor priorities for the safety of hospitalized children.

关键词： electronic prescribing new technologies pediatric medication errors

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Factors Associated to the Presence of Pneumothorax in Cystic Fibrosis Patients in the City of Madrid

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International Journal of Clinical Medicine 2011年第3期2卷 212-217页

作者： Prados Concepción Carpio Carlos Martínez María Teresa Máiz Luis Girón Rosa Barrio Isabel Salcedo Antonio García Hernández Gloria Gómez Carrera Luis álvarez-sala rodolfo Prados Sánchez Concepción Department of Pneumology La Paz University Hospital Madrid

Background: To identify risk factors associated with pneumothorax and to determine the prognosis of cystic fibrosis patients following an episode of pneumothorax in the city of Madrid. Methods: Records of 17 patients (10 males;age 24.4 ± 17.5 years) and 32 controls, and a total of 44 pneumothorax episodes were studied. We have analyzed the characteristics of the pneumothorax, the microbiology, the lung function tests (LFT) and the prognosis of patients. Two controls with cystic fibrosis and without pneumothorax matched for sex and age were selected. Results: Eight male and three female patients with pneumothorax were older than 18 years. The mean age of the first pneumothorax episode was 18.3 years (±9.6). The group with pneumothorax had a mean body mass index of 19.2(±2.42 kg/m2) and in the control group it was 26.5 (±1.98 kg/m2). Pseudomonas aeruginosa was present in fourteen patients (82%) with pneumothorax and in eleven patients (34.4%) in the control group (p = 0.002). Pneumothorax predominantly occurred in the coldest seasons. There was a significant drop in both forced vital capacity (FVC) and forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) after the pneumothorax. In the same way, FEV1 and FVC were greater in the control group. Six patients (35.4%) with pneumothorax and two patients in the control group have died (p < 0.05). Conclusions: Patients with pneumothorax are more likely to have P. aeruginosa colonization. LFT drop after an episode of pneumohorax. Patients with pneumothorax have worse LFT than patients without pneumothorax. Mortality is greater in patients with pneumothorax.

关键词： Cystic Fibrosis Pleural Disease Pneumothorax

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