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Magnetic properties of sediments from the Pearl River Delta,South China:Paleoenvironmental implications

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Science China Earth Sciences 2008年第1期51卷 56-66页

作者： rodney GRAPES Department of Earth Sciences Sun Yat-Sen University

Magnetic parameters and their environmental implications of sediments in a core (PD) from the Pearl River Delta, South China, indicate that ferrimagnetic minerals with low coercivity, such as magnetite, dominate the magnetic properties although small amounts of Fe-sulphides occur. The fraction of Fe-sulphides increases and becomes the dominant minerals determining the magnetic characteristics in grey-black organic-rich clay horizons, indicating an anoxic, sulphate-reducing swamp environment resulting from a marine regression. In the "Huaban clay" , hard magnetic minerals, such as hematite and goethite, largely control the magnetic properties of the sediments and imply a long period of exposure and weathering. Where magnetite is the main magnetic mineral, its fraction and grain size determine properties such as magnetic susceptibility (κ ) and saturation isothermal remanent magnetization (SIRM). Ratios of SIRM/κ and χarm/SIRM reflect changes in sea level with high SIRM/κ and χarm/SIRM correlating with a smaller magnetic mineral grain size and rising sea level. Based on downcore variations of these environmental magnetic parameters along with sediment characteristics and microfauna, the sedimentary environment of the Pearl River Delta area can be divided into two main cycles of transgression and regression during the late Pleistocene and Holocene with more sub-cycles of sea level fluctuation during each transgression.

关键词： the Pearl River Delta rock magnetic properties environmental magnetic signatures sedimentary environment sea-level change

A novel mathematical template for developing fDOM probe fluorescence signal correction models for freshwaters

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第12期146卷 103-117页

作者： Hiua Daraei Edoardo Bertone John Awad rodney A.Stewart Christopher W.K.Chow Jinming Duan Amanda Mussared John van Leeuwen Sustainable Infrastructure and Resource Management(SIRM) UniSA STEMUniversity of South AustraliaMawson LakesSA 5095Australia Griffith School of Engineering and Built Environment Griffith UniversityQueensland 4222Australia Cities Research Institute Griffith UniversityParklands DriveSouthportQueensland 4222Australia CSIRO Environment AdelaideSA 5000Australia Australian Water Quality Centre SA Water250 Victoria SquareAdelaideSA 5000Australia Australian Rivers Institute Griffith University170 Kessels RoadNathanQueensland 4111Australia Environmental Health Research Centre Kurdistan University of Medical SciencesSanandajKurdistanIran

The reliable application of field deployable fluorescent dissolved organic matter(fDOM)probes is hindered by several influencing factors which need to be *** manuscript describes the corrections of temperature,pH,turbidity and inner filter effect on fluorescence signal of a commercial fDOM probe(fDOMs).For this,Australian waters with wide ranging qualities were selected,*** organic carbon(DOC)ranging from∼1 to∼30 mg/L,specific UV absorbance at 254 nm from∼1 to∼6 L/m/mg and turbidity from∼1 to∼350 ***-based model calibration experiments(MCEs)were performed.A model template was developed and used for the development of the correction *** each factor,data generated through MCEs were used to determine model coefficient(α)values by fitting the generated model to the experimental *** discrete factor models were generated by determination of a factor-specificα***αvalues derived for each water of the MCEs subset were consistent for each factor *** indicated generic nature of the fourαvalues across wide-ranging water *** correlation between fDOMs and DOC were achieved after applying the four-factor compensation models to new data(r,0.96,p<0.05).Also,average biases(and%)between DOC predicted through fDOMs and actual DOC were decreased by applying the four-factor compensationmodel(from3.54(60.9%)to 1.28(16.7%)mg/L DOC).These correction models were incorporated into a Mi-crosoft EXCEL-based software termed EXOf-Correct for ready-to-use applications.

关键词： Surface waters Online monitoring fDOM probes Fluorescence signal Model-based corrections

Phylogenetic status of Pneumocystis from corticosteroid-treated gerbils

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2010年第10期53卷 1239-1246页

作者： rodney D Adam Department of Medicine and Immunobiology University of Arizona College of Medicine

Pneumocystis spp. infect the lungs of multiple mammalian species and cause disease in immunosuppressed individuals. The Pneumocystis isolates that have been studied to date fall into two major clades, those from primates and those from rodents. Within each of these clades, different species have been described on the basis of host specificity and differences in sequence and morphology. Here, we demonstrate that dexamethasone immunosuppression consistently results in histologically apparent lung infection in gerbils (28/35 animals). Sequence analysis of the 18S, 5.8S and internal transcribed spacer regions of the rDNA and a portion of the mitochondrial large subunit rDNA demonstrated that this gerbil Pneumocystis is grouped with other rodent Pneumocystis spp., but is distinct from them. Our results suggest that gerbil Pneumocystis differs sufficiently from Pneumocystis species found in other rodents to be considered a separate species.

关键词： 5.8S rRNA gene gerbil internal transcribed spacers (ITS) mitochondrial large subunit (mtLS) rRNA gene 18S rRNA gene Pneumocystis

Site dependence of surface dislocation nucleation in ceramic nanoparticles

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npj Computational Materials 2021年第1期7卷 564-570页

作者： Jonathan Amodeo Emile Maras David rodney Univ Lyon CNRSINSA LyonUCBLMATEISUMR5510VilleurbanneFrance Universitéde Lyon UniversitéClaude Bernard Lyon 1CNRSInstitut Lumière MatièreVilleurbanneFrance

The extremely elevated strength of nanoceramics under compression arises from the necessity to nucleate highly energetic dislocations from the surface,in samples that are too small to contain pre-existing ***,we investigate the site dependence of surface dislocation nucleation in MgO nanocubes using a combination of molecular dynamics simulations,nudgedelastic-band method calculations and rate theory *** an original simulation setup,we obtain a complete mapping of the potential dislocation nucleation sites on the surface of the nanoparticle and find that,already at intermediate temperature,not only nanoparticle corners are favorable nucleation sites,but also the edges and even regions on the side surfaces,while other locations are intrinsically *** are discussed in the context of recent in situ TEM experiments,sheding new lights on the deformation mechanisms happening during ceramic nanopowder compaction and sintering processes.

关键词： deformation dislocation ceramic

First attempt to use a remotely operated vehicle to observe soniferous fish behavior in the Gulf of Maine,Western Atlantic Ocean

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Current Zoology 2010年第1期56卷 90-99页

作者： rodney A.ROUNTREE Francis JUANES Marine Ecology and Technology Applications Inc. Department of Natural Resource Conservation University of Massachusetts

Underwater sound and video observations were made at noon, sunset, and midnight in sand, gravel, and boulder habitat in the Stellwagen Bank National Marine Sanctuary, Gulf of Maine, USA in October 2001 using a remotely operated vehicle （ROV）. Seventeen species of fish and squid were observed with clear habitat and time differences. Observations of feeding behavior, disturbance behavior, and both interspecific and intraspecific interactions provided numerous opportunities for potential sound production; however, sounds were recorded only during a single dive. Although high noise levels generated by the ROV and support ship may have masked some sounds, we conclude that fish sound production in the Gulf of Maine during the fall is uncommon. The recorded fish sounds are tentatively attributed to the cusk Brosme brosme. Cusk sounds consisted variously of isolated thumps, widely spaced thump trains, drumrolls, and their combinations. Frequency peaks were observed at 188, 539, and 1195 Hz. Use of a remotely operated vehicle （ROV） as a passive acoustic observation platform was problematic due to high ROV self-noise and the ROV＇s inability to maintain a fixed position on the bottom without thruster power. Some fishes were clearly also disturbed by ROV noise, indicating a potential ROV sampling bias. Based on our observations, we suggest that new instruments incorporating both optic and passive acoustic technologies are needed to provide better tools for in situ behavioral studies ofcusk and other fishes [Current Zoology 56 （1）： 90-99 2010].

关键词： Passive acoustics Soniferous Gulf of Maine ROV Sound production Fish behavior

Functional phenotyping of microglia highlights the dark relationship between chronic traumatic brain injury and normal age-related pathology

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Neural Regeneration Research 2023年第4期18卷 811-813页

作者： rodney M.Ritzel Junfang Wu Department of Neurology McGovern Medical SchoolThe University of Texas Health Science CenterHoustonTXUSA Department of Anesthesiology and Shock Trauma and Anesthesiology Research(STAR)CenterUniversity of Maryland School of MedicineBaltimoreMDUSA

Traumatic brain injury(TBI) is a major cause of death and disability worldwide. Age-related TBI differences demonstrate the third peak of prevalence and incidence of TBI within the elderly population. This is due to the elderly being at a higher risk of sustaining falls, which have been identified as the main cause(40–50%) of TBI.

关键词： TBI death injury

Trends in the incidence of physician-diagnosed post-traumatic stress disorder among active-duty U.S. military personnel between 1999 and 2008

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Military Medical Research 2019年第3期6卷 216-229页

作者： Kenneth LCameron rodney XSturdivant Susan PBaker John A.Feagin Jr.Sports Medicine Fellowship Keller Army HospitalUnited States Military AcademyWest PointNew York 10996USA Department of Mathematics Physicsand StatisticsAzusa Pacific UniversityAzusaCaliforniaUSA Department of Health Policy and Management Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public HealthBaltimoreMDUSA.

Background: The impact of combat operations in Iraq and Afghanistan on the incidence of post-traumatic stress disorder(PTSD) in military service members has been poorly quantified. The purpose of this study was to examine trends in the incidence rate of physician-diagnosed PTSD in active-duty military personnel between 1999 and ***: We conducted a retrospective cohort study utilizing data extracted from the Defense Medical Surveillance System to identify incident cases of PTSD within the study population. The incidence rate of physician-diagnosed PTSD was the primary outcome of interest. Multivariable Poisson regression was used to analyze the ***: The overall incidence rate of PTSD among all active-duty US military personnel was 3.84(95% CI: 3.81, 3.87) cases per 1000 person-years. The adjusted average annual percentage increase in the incidence rate of PTSD prior to the initiation of Operation Iraqi Freedom(OIF) was a modest 5.02%(95% CI: 1.85, 8.29%). Following the initiation of OIF, the average annual percentage increase in the rate of PTSD was 43.03%(95% CI: 40.55, 45.56%). Compared to the baseline period between 1999 and 2002, the incidence rate of PTSD in 2008 was nearly 7 times higher(RR=6.85, 95% CI: 6.49, 7.24). Significant increases in the incidence rate of PTSD were observed following the initiation of OIF regardless of sex, age, race, marital status, military rank, or branch of military service. Notably, the rate of PTSD among females was 6–7 times higher prior to OIF, but there was no difference by gender by ***: Overall, these data quantify the significant increase in the incidence rate of PTSD following the initiation of combat operations in Iraq and Afghanistan within the active-duty military population during the study period.

关键词： PTSD Incidence rate Trends Military OIF OEF Epidemiology

On-site stormwater detention for Australian development projects: Does it meet frequent flow management objectives?

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Water Science and Engineering 2019年第1期12卷 1-10页

作者： rodney Ronalds Alex Rowlands Hong Zhang School of Engineering and Built Environment Griffith University Gold Coast 4216 Australia Michael Bale & Associates Pty Ltd. Gold Coast 4216 Australia

On-site stormwater detention (OSD) is a conventional component of urban drainage systems, designed with the intention of mitigating the increase to peak discharge of stormwater runoff that inevitably results from urbanization. In Australia, singular temporal patterns for design storms have governed the inputs of hydrograph generation and in turn the design process of OSD for the last three decades. This paper raises the concern that many existing OSD systems designed using the singular temporal pattern for design storms may not be achieving their stated objectives when they are assessed against a variety of alternative temporal patterns. The performance of twenty real OSD systems was investigated using two methods:(1) ensembles of design temporal patterns prescribed in the latest version of Australian Rainfall and Runoff, and (2) real recorded rainfall data taken from pluviograph stations modeled with continuous simulation. It is shown conclusively that the use of singular temporal patterns is ineffective in providing assurance that an OSD will mitigate the increase to peak discharge for all possible storm events. Ensemble analysis is shown to provide improved results. However, it also falls short of providing any guarantee in the face of naturally occurring rainfall.

关键词： Stormwater detention Frequent flow management Temporal patterns Runoff routing Continuous simulation South East Queensland

Fabrication and in vivo 2-photon microscopy validation of transparent PEDOT:PSS microelectrode arrays

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Microsystems & Nanoengineering 2022年第4期8卷 183-190页

作者： Gerwin Dijk Attila Kaszas Jolien Pas rodney Philip O’Connor Mines Saint-Etienne Centre CMPDepartment of BioelectronicsGardanne 13541France Panaxium SAS Aix-en-Provence 13100France

Transparent microelectrode arrays enable simultaneous electrical recording and optical imaging of neuronal networks in the *** made of the conducting polymer poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)doped with polystyrene sulfonate(PEDOT:PSS)are transparent;however,device fabrication necessitates specific processes to avoid deterioration of the organic ***,we present an innovative fabrication scheme for a neural probe that consists of transparent PEDOT:PSS electrodes and demonstrate its compatibility with 2-photon *** electrodes show suitable impedance to record local field potentials from the cortex of mice and sufficient transparency to visualize GCaMP6f-expressing neurons underneath the PEDOT:PSS *** results validate the performance of the neural probe,which paves the way to study the complex dynamics of in vivo neuronal activity with both a high spatial and temporal resolution to better understand the brain.

关键词： material. transparent microelectrode