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Metabolic cost of level,uphill,and downhill running in highly cushioned shoes with carbon-fiber plates

Journal of Sport and Health Science 2022年第3期11卷 303-308页

作者： Clarissa S.Whiting Wouter Hoogkamer rodger kram Locomotion Laboratory Department of Integrative PhysiologyUniversity of ColoradoBoulderCO 80309USA Integrative Locomotion Lab Department of KinesiologyUniversity of MassachusettsAmherstMA 01003USA

Background:Compared to conventional racing shoes,Nike Vaporfly 4% running shoes reduce the metabolic cost of level treadmill running by4%.The reduction is attributed to their lightweight,highly compliant,and resilient midsole foam and a midsole-embedded curved carbon-fiber plate.We investigated whether these shoes also could reduce the metabolic cost of moderate uphill(+3°) and downhill(-3°) grades.We tested the null hypothesis that,compared to conventional racing shoes,highly cushioned shoes with carbon-fiber plates would impart the same ~4%metabolic power(W/kg) savings during uphill and downhill running as they do during level running.Methods:After familiarization,16 competitive male runners performed six 5-min trials(2 shoes × 3 grades) in 2 Nike marathon racing-shoe models(Streak 6 and Vaporfly 4%) on a level,uphill(+3°),and downhill(-3°) treadmill at 13 km/h(3.61 m/s).We measured submaximal oxygen uptake and carbon dioxide production during Minutes 4-5 and calculated metabolic power(W/kg) for each shoe model and grade combination.Results:Compared to the conventional shoes(Streak 6),the metabolic power in the Vaporfly 4% shoes was 3.83%(level),2.82%(uphill),and2.70%(downhill)less(all p <0.001).The percent of change in metabolic power for uphill running was less compared to level running(p=0.04;effect size(ES)=0.561) but was not statistically different between downhill and level running(p=0.17;ES=0.356).Conclusion:On a running course with uphill and downhill sections,the metabolic savings and hence performance enhancement provided by Vaporfly 4% shoes would likely be slightly less overall,compared to the savings on a perfectly level race course.

关键词： Energetics Incline Locomotion Oxygen consumption Running economy

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Working toward an integrated plasticity/network framework for repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation to inform tailored treatments

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第7期19卷 1423-1424页

作者： Jessica Moretti Jennifer rodger Experimental and Regenerative Neurosciences School of Biological SciencesUniversity of Western AustraliaCrawleyWAAustralia Brain Plasticity Lab Perron Institute for Neurological and Translational ScienceNedlandsWAAustralia

Non-invasive brain stimulation techniques(NIBS),including repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation(rTMS) and transcranial electric stim ulation(tES),are increasingly being adopted clinically for treatment of neuropsychiatric and neurological disorders,albeit with varying success.The rationale behind the use of NIBS has historically been that stim ulation techniques modulate neuronal activity in the targeted region and consequently induce plasticity which can lead to therapeutic outcomes.

关键词： stimulation transcranial treatment

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Endo-anesthesia:a primer

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Gastroenterology Report 2022年第1期10卷 207-216页

作者： Fateh Bazerbachi rodger M.White Nauzer Forbes Basavana Goudra Barham K.Abu Dayyeh Vinay Chandrasekhara BobbieJean Sweitzer CentraCare Interventional Endoscopy ProgramSt.Cloud HospitalSt CloudMNUSA Department of Anesthesia Massachusetts General HospitalBostonMAUSA Department of Medicine Division of Gastroenterology and HepatologyUniversity of CalgaryCalgaryAlbertaCanada Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine Hospital of the University of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPAUSA Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Mayo ClinicRochesterMNUSA Systems Director University of VirginiaPreoperative MedicineInovaHealthFalls ChurchVAUSA

Gastrointestinal(GI)endoscopy has witnessed a Cambrian explosion of techniques,indications,and expanding target populations.GI endoscopy encompasses traditional domains that include preventive measures,palliation,as alternative therapies in patients with prohibitive risks of more invasive procedures,and indicated primary treatments.But,it has expanded to include therapeutic and diagnostic interventional endosonography,luminal endoscopic resection,third space endotherapy,endohepatology,and endobariatrics.The lines between surgery and endoscopy are blurred on many occasions within this paradigm.Moreover,patients with high degrees of co-morbidity and complex physiology require more nuanced peri-endoscopic management.The rising demand for endoscopy services has resulted in the development of endoscopy referral centers that offer these invasive procedures as directly booked referrals for regional and rural patients.This further necessitates specialized programs to ensure appropriate evaluation,risk stratification,and optimization for safe sedation and general anesthesia if needed.This landscape is conducive to the organic evolution of endo-anesthesia to meet the needs of these focused and evolving practices.In this primer,we delineate important aspects of endo-anesthesia care and provide relevant clinical and logistical considerations pertaining to the breadth of procedures.

关键词： endoscopic procedures endoscopy anesthesia

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Shape dependent protein-induced stabilization of gold nanoparticles:From a protein corona perspective Special Collection:Distinguished Australian Researchers

聚集体(英文)

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聚集体(英文) 2023年第4期4卷 177-184页

作者： Anastasiia Tukova Yihan Nie Mohammad Tavakkoli Yaraki Ngoc Thanh Tran Jiaqiu Wang Alison rodger Yuantong Gu Yuling Wang School of Natural Sciences Faculty of Science and EngineeringMacquarie UniversitySydneyNew South WalesAustralia School of Mechanical Medical and Process EngineeringQueensland University of Technology(QUT)BrisbaneQueenslandAustralia Centre for Biomedical Technologies Queensland University of Technology(QUT)BrisbaneQueenslandAustralia Centre for Materials Science Queensland University of Technology(QUT)BrisbaneQueenslandAustralia

Gold nanoparticles(AuNPs)are promising materials for many bioapplications.However,upon contacting with biological media,AuNPs undergo changes.The interaction with proteins results in the so-called protein corona(PC)around AuNPs,leading to the new bioidentity and optical properties.Understanding the mechanisms of PC formation and its functions can help us to utilise its benefits and avoid its drawbacks.To date,most of the previous works aimed to understand the mechanisms governing PC formation and focused on the spherical nanoparticles,although non-spherical nanoparticles are designed for a wide range of applications in biosensing.In this work,we investigated the differences in PC formation on spherical and anisotropic AuNPs(nanostars in particular)from the joint experimental(extinction spectroscopy,zeta potential and surface-enhanced Raman scattering[SERS])and computational methods(the finite element method and molecular dynamics[MD]simulations).We discovered that protein does not fully cover the surface of anisotropic nanoparticles,leaving SERS hot-spots at the tips and high curvature edges‘available’for analyte binding(no SERS signal after pre-incubation with protein)while providing protein-induced stabilization(indicated by extinction spectroscopy)of the AuNPs by providing a protein layer around the particle’s core.The findings are confirmed from our MD simulations,the adsorption energy significantly decreases with the increased radius of curvature,so that tips(adsorption energy:2762.334 kJ/mol)would be the least preferential binding site compared to core(adsorption energy:11819.263 kJ/mol).These observations will help the development of new nanostructures with improved sensing and targeting ability.

关键词： anisotropic gold nanoparticles molecular dynamics simulation protein corona SERS stability

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Optimising repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation for neural circuit repair following traumatic brain injury

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Neural Regeneration Research 2015年第3期10卷 357-359页

作者： Jennifer rodger Rachel M.Sherrard Experimental and Regenerative Neuroscience School of Animal Biologythe University of Western Australia Sorbonne Universités UPMC Univ Paris 06 & CNRSInstitut de Biologie Paris Seine-B2AUMR 8256 Biological Adaptation and AgeingParis France

While it is well-known that neuronal activity promotes plasticity and connectivity, the success of activity-based neural rehabilitation programs remains extremely limited in human clinical experience because they cannot adequately control neuronal excitability and activity within the injured brain in order to induce repair. However, it is possible to non-invasively modulate brain plasticity using brain stimu- lation techniques such as repetitive transcranial （rTMS） and transcranial direct current stimulation （tDCS） techniques, which show promise for repairing injured neural circuits （Henrich-Noack et al., 2013; Lefaucher et al., 2014）. Yet we are far from having full control of these techniques to repair the brain following neurotrauma and need more fundamen- tal research （Ellaway et al., 2014; Lefaucher et al., 2014）. In this perspective we discuss the mechanisms by which rTMS may facilitate neurorehabilitation and propose experimental techniques with which magnetic stimulation may be investi- gated in order to optimise its treatment potential.

关键词： TMS Optimising repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation for neural circuit repair following traumatic brain injury

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Evaluating the process of mental health and primary care integration:The Vermont Integration Profile

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Family Medicine and Community Health 2015年第1期3卷 63-65页

作者： rodger Kessler University of Vermont-Family Medicine 89 Beaumont Ave Given Courtyard 4th FloorBurlingtonVermont 05405USA

Objective:We developed and tested a measure to identify level of primary care behavioral health integration.We produced a thirty item,six domain electronically delivered measure,and a total score.Methods:We generated a convenience sample of 137 survey responses,including 104 pri-mary care practices.We provided each practice a summary of their own data,and generated a data base of all submissions.We calculated descriptive statistics.Results:The mean total score was 56/100.The Vermont Integration Profile(VIP)discrimi-nated between types of practices in the direction hypothesized.Initial test retest reliability was good.Conclusion:The VIP demonstrated good feasibility and construct validity,initial reliability,low provider demand and good discrimination between types of practices.

关键词： Vermont Integration Profile integration implementation

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An Approach to Optimize Multi-family Residence HVAC Systems Using Digitalization

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Management Studies 2023年第4期11卷 185-201页

作者： Bilal Faye Osman Ahmed Andrew rodger Pacific Northwest National Laboratory(PNNL) USA AceIoT Solutions USA

As mentioned by National Geographic(2017),70%of world’s population is expected to live in large apartment buildings by 2050.Today,buildings in cities generate 30%of world’s greenhouse gas emission or GHG(National Geographic,2017).Major urban centers are committed to reducing greenhouse gases by 80%by 2050(IEA,2021).However,achieving such goals in rental properties is not easy.Landlords are hesitant to use high-efficiency technologies because,typically,tenants pay the utilities bill.However,that situation is rapidly changing.For example,New York City like other US cities,is considering a carbon cap on all large buildings(Local Law 97,2019).That means landlords will pay a carbon penalty if the building’s carbon footprint exceeds certain threshold no matter who uses that carbon.The Pacific Northwest National Laboratory(PNNL)has received funds from DOE(US Department of Energy)with the collaboration of a commercial partner to address emerging energy efficiency market opportunity in multi-family or rental housing as discussed above.It has partnered with a large national real estate owner in order to test a novel energy optimization method at a rental property in Tempe,Arizona.By using a seamless-integrated method of acquiring building’s operating data,the optimization approach essentially resets setpoints of different energy consuming equipment such as chillers,boilers,pumps,and fans.Data-driven optimization approach is pragmatic and easily transferrable to other buildings.The authors shall share the problem background,technical approach,and preliminary results.

关键词： HVAC optimization IoT digitalization multi-family housing commercial buildings

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Prevalence of significant liver disease in human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients exposed to Didanosine: A cross sectional study

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World Journal of Hepatology 2016年第36期8卷 1623-1628页

作者： Sarah Logan Alison rodger Laura Maynard-Smith James O'Beirne Thomas Fernandez Filippo Ferro Colette Smith Sanjay Bhagani the Ian Charleson Day Centre Ground Floor Royal Free London NHS Foundation Trust Research Department of Infection and Population Health University College London Department of Hepatology Nambour General Hospital Sunshine Coast Hospital and Health Service

AIM To identify significant liver disease [including nodular regenerative hyperplasia(NRH)] in asymptomatic Didanosine(DDI) exposed human immunodeficiency virus(HIV) positive patients.METHODS Patients without known liver disease and with > 6 mo previous DDI use had liver stiffness assessed by transient elastography(TE). Those with alanine transaminase(ALT) above upper limit normal and/or TE > 7.65 k Pa underwent ultrasound scan(U/S). Patients with:(1) abnormal U/S; or(2) elevated ALT plus TE > 7.65 k Pa;or(3) TE > 9.4 k Pa were offered trans-jugular liver biopsy(TJLB) with hepatic venous pressure gradient(HVPG) assessment.RESULTS Ninety-nine patients were recruited, median age 50 years(range 31-70), 81% male and 70% men who have sex with men. Ninety-five percent with VL 9.4 k Pa. Seventeen(17%) met criteria for TJLB, of whom 12 accepted. All had HVPG < 6 mm Hg. Commonest histological findings were steatosis(n = 6), normal architecture(n = 4) and NRH(n = 2), giving a prevalence of previously undiagnosed NRH of 2%(95%CI: 0.55%, 7.0%).CONCLUSION A screening strategy based on TE, liver enzymes and U/S scan found a low prevalence of previously undiagnosed NRH in DDI exposed, asymptomatic HIV positive patients. Patients were more likely to have steatosis highlighting the increased risk of multifactorial liver disease in this population.

关键词：榴状的再生增生人的免疫不全病毒脂肪变性非肝脏硬化症的门高血压 Didanosine

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Positioning patients for spine surgery: Avoiding uncommon position-related complications

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World Journal of Orthopedics 2014年第4期5卷 425-443页

作者： Ihab Kamel rodger Barnette Temple University School of Medicine Philadelphia PA 19140 United States

Positioning patients for spine surgery is pivotal for optimal operating conditions and operative-site exposure. During spine surgery, patients are placed in positions that are not physiologic and may lead to complications. Perioperative peripheral nerve injury(PPNI) and postoperative visual loss(POVL) are rare complications related to patient positioning during spine surgery that result in significant patient disability and functional loss. PPNI is usually due to stretch or compression of the peripheral nerve. PPNI may present as a brachial plexus injury or as an isolated injury of single nerve, most commonly the ulnar nerve. Understanding the etiology, mechanism and pattern of injury with each type of nerve injury is important for the prevention of PPNI. Intraoperative neuromonitoring has been used to detect peripheral nerve conduction abnormalities indicating peripheral nerve stress under general anesthesia and to guide modification of the upper extremity position to prevent PPNI. POVL usually results in permanent visual loss. Most cases are associated with prolonged spine procedures in the prone position under general anesthesia. The most common causes of POVL after spine surgery are ischemic optic neuropathy and central retinal artery occlusion. Posterior ischemic opticneuropathy is the most common cause of POVL after spine surgery. It is important for spine surgeons to be aware of POVL and to participate in safe, collaborative perioperative care of spine patients. Proper education of perioperative staff, combined with clear communication and collaboration while positioning patients in the operating room is the best and safest approach. The prevention of uncommon complications of spine surgery depends primarily on identifying high-risk patients, proper positioning and optimal intraoperative management of physiological parameters. Modification of risk factors extrinsic to the patient may help reduce the incidence of PPNI and POVL.

关键词： Spine surgery Complication Position Nerve injury Visual loss

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Barley and Wheat Share the Same Gene Controlling the Short Basic Vegetative Period

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2013年第10期12卷 1703-1711页

作者： Lü Rui-hua XU Yan-hao rodger Boyd ZHANG Xiao-qi Sue Broughton Michael Jones LI Cheng-dao CHEN Yao-feng College of Agronomy Northwest A&F University Department of Agriculture and Food Government of Western AustraliaSouth Perth WA 6151Australia State Agricultural Biotechnology Centre Murdoch UniversityMurdoch WA 6132Australia College of Agriculture Yangtze University Natural and Agricultural Sciences The University of Western AustraliaCrawley WA 6009Australia

Basic vegetative period（BVP） is an important trait for determining flowering time and adaptation to variable environments.A short BVP barley mutant is about 30 d shorter than its wild type.Genetic analysis using 557 F 2 individuals revealed that the short BVP is governed by a single recessive gene（BVP-1） and was further validated in 2 090 F 3 individuals.The BVP-1 gene was first mapped to barley chromosome 1H using SSR markers.Comparative genomic analysis demonstrated that the chromosome region of BVP-1 is syntenic to rice chromosome 5 and Brachypodium chromosome 2.Barley ESTs/genes were identified after comparison with candidate genes in rice and Brachypodium;seven new gene-specific markers were developed and mapped in the mapping populations.The BVP-1 gene co-segregated with the Mot1 and Ftsh4 genes and was flanked by the gene-specific markers AK252360（0.2 cM） and CA608558（0.5 cM）.Further analysis demonstrated that barley and wheat share the same short BVP gene controlling early flowering.

关键词： basic vegetative period candidate genes Hordeum Triticum

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