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Passivation agent with dipole moment for surface modification towards efficient and stable perovskite solar cells

Journal of Energy chemistry 2022年第1期31卷 55-61,I0003页

作者： Ge Wang chen Wang Yajun Gao Shanpeng Wen roderick c.i.mackenzie Liuxing Guo Wei Dong Shengping Ruan college of Electronic Science&Engineering Jilin UniversityChangchun 130012JilinChina State Key Laboratory on integrated Optoelectronics Jilin UniversityChangchun 130012JilinChina State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials College of ChemistryJilin UniversityChangchun 130012JilinChina KAUST Solar center(KSc) Physical Sciences and Engineering Division(PSE)King Abdullah University of Science and Technology(KAUST)Thuwal 23955-6900Saudi Arabia Faculty of Engineering The University of NottinghamUniversity ParkNottingham NG72RDUnited Kingdom

Recently,there has been renewed interest in interface engineering as a means to further push the performance of perovskite solar cells closer to the Schockly-Queisser limit.Herein,for the first time we employ a multi-functional 4-chlorobenzoic acid to produce a self-assembled monolayer on a perovskite surface.With this interlayer we observe passivation of perovskite surface defects and a significant suppression of non-radiative charge recombination.Furthermore,at the surface of the interlayer we observe,charge dipoles which tune the energy level alignment,enabling a larger energetic driving force for hole extraction.The perovskite surface becomes more hydrophilic due to the presence of the interlayer.consequently,we observe an improvement in open-circuit voltage from 1.08 to 1.16 V,a power conversion efficiency improvement from 18%to 21%and an improved stability under ambient conditions.Our work highlights the potential of SAMs to engineer the photo-electronic properties and stability of perovskite interfaces to achieve high-performance light harvesting devices.

关键词： 4-chlorobenzoic acid interface engineering Passivation Surface dipole Perovskite solar cells

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Preconditioning for a Phase-Field Model with Application to Morphology Evolution in Organic Semiconductors

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communications in computational Physics 2023年第6期33卷 1-17页

作者： Kai Bergermann carsten Deibel Roland Herzog roderick c.i.mackenzie Jan-Frederik Pietschmann Martin Stoll Technische Universitat chemnitz Faculty of Mathematics09107 ChemnitzGermany Technische Universitat chemnitz Department of Physics09126 ChemnitzGermany interdisciplinary center for Scientific computing Heidelberg University69120 HeidelbergGermany Durham University Department of EngineeringDurhamUK

The cahn–Hilliard equations are a versatile model for describing the evolution of complex morphologies.in this paper we present a computational pipeline for the numerical solution of a ternary phase-field model for describing the nanomorphology of donor–acceptor semiconductor blends used in organic photovoltaic devices.The model consists of two coupled fourth-order partial differential equations that are discretized using a finite element approach.in order to solve the resulting large-scale linear systems efficiently,we propose a preconditioning strategy that is based on efficient approximations of the Schur-complement of a saddle point system.We show that this approach performs robustly with respect to variations in the discretization parameters.Finally,we outline that the computed morphologies can be used for the computation of charge generation,recombination,and transport in organic solar cells.

关键词： Preconditioning phase-field models organic solar cells cahn-Hilliard finite element analysis

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Outcomes following minimally invasive dorsal cheilectomy for hallux rigidus:A systematic review

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World Journal of Orthopedics 2024年第6期15卷 585-592页

作者： Katherine Esser James J Butler mackenzie Roof Nathaniel P Mercer Michael c Harrington Alan P Samsonov Andrew J Rosenbaum John G Kennedy Department of Orthopaedic Surgery University of Toledo Medical center University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life SciencesToledoOH 43614United States Department of Orthopedic Surgery NYU Langone HealthNew YorkNY 10002United States Department of Orthopedic Surgery Albany Medical CenterAlbanyNY 12208United States

BAcKGROUND cheilectomy of the 1^(st)metatarsophalangeal joint(MTPJ)is one of the most common procedures for the management of hallux rigidus.However,there is no consensus regarding outcomes following minimally invasive dorsal cheilectomy(MiDc)for the management of hallux rigidus.AiM To evaluate outcomes following MiDc for the management of hallux rigidus.METHODS During November 2023,the PubMed,EMBASE and cochrane Library databases were systematically reviewed to identify clinical studies examining outcomes following MiDc for the management of hallux rigidus.RESULTS Six studies were included.in total,348 patients(370 feet)underwent MiDc for hallux rigidus at a weighted mean follow-up of 37.9±16.5 months.The distribution of patients by coughlin and Shurna's classification was recorded in 4 studies as follows:Ⅰ(58 patients,27.1%),Ⅱ(112 patients,52.3%),Ⅲ(44 patients,20.6%).Three studies performed an additional 1^(st)MTPJ arthroscopy and debridement following MiDc.Retained intra-articular bone debris was observed in 100%of patients in 1 study.The weighted mean American orthopedic foot and ankle society score improved from a preoperative score of 68.9±3.2 to a postoperative score of 87.1.The complication rate was 8.4%,the most common of which was persistent joint pain and stiffness.Thirty-two failures(8.7%)were observed.Thirty-three secondary procedures(8.9%)were performed at a weighted mean time of 8.6±3.2 months following the index procedure.cONcLUSiON This systematic review demonstrated improvements in subjective clinical outcomes together with a moderate complication rate following MiDc for the management of hallux rigidus at short-term follow-up.A moderate reoperation rate at short-term follow-up was recorded.The marked heterogeneity between included studies and paucity of high quality comparative studies limits the generation of any robust conclusions.

关键词： Minimally invasive dorsal cheilectomy Hallux rigidus The first metatarsophalangeal joint cheilectomy Minimally invasive surgery

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Associations between Avocado intake and Lower Rates of incident Type 2 Diabetes in US Adults with Hispanic/Latino Ancestry

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Journal of Diabetes Mellitus 2023年第2期13卷 116-129页

作者： Alexis c. Wood mackenzie K. Senn Jerome i. Rotter USDA/ARS children’s Nutrition Research center Baylor College of Medicine Houston USA The institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences Department of Pediatrics The Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center Torrance USA

Background/Purpose: Hispanic/Latinos in the US are at increased risk for type 2 diabetes (T2D). Data suggest that avocado intake is associated with better glycemic control, but whether this translates to protection from T2D has not been studied. The goal of the current analyses was to examine whether consuming avocados at baseline is associated with lower incident T2D over a six-year period, compared to not consuming avocados at baseline. Subjects/Methods: Using data from a large population of US adults with Hispanic ancestry, without known or unknown T2D at baseline (N = 6159), participants were classified as avocado consumers (N = 983) or non-consumers (N = 5176) based on the mean of two 24-hour dietary recalls. cox proportional hazard models estimated the association of avocado consumption with incident T2D (N = 656 cases) over a six-year follow-up period, in the population as a whole, and separately in those with normoglycemia vs. prediabetes at baseline. A set of three sequential models were run: the first controlling only for sociodemographic factors (“minimally adjusted” models), the second for these and health behaviors (“fully adjusted” models), and a third for both sets of covariates and also body mass index (BMi;“fully adjusted + BMi” models). Results: in the population as a whole, avocado intake at baseline was associated with reduced incident T2D in both the minimally adjusted (hazard ratio [HR] (±95% confidence intervals [cis]): 0.70 (0.52 - 0.94), P = 0.04) and the fully adjusted models (HR: 0.72 (0.54 - 0.97), P = 0.03). This association was observed in both those with prediabetes and with normoglycemia at baseline, but only reached significance in those with prediabetes (minimally adjusted model: HR: 0.68 (0.48 - 0.97), P = 0.03;fully adjusted model: HR: 0.69 (0.48 - 0.98), P = 0.04), not in those with normoglycemia (minimally adjusted model: HR: 0.86 (0.45 - 1.65), P = 0.65;fully adjusted model: HR: 0.80 (0.41 - 1.55), P = 0.50). in models which additionally controlled for BMi (“fully adjusted +

关键词： Avocado Diet Type 2 Diabetes Dysglycemia Monounsaturated Fats

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OVOL1 inhibits breast cancer cell invasion by enhancing the degradation of TGF-β type i receptor

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2022年第5期7卷 1842-1859页

作者： chuannan Fan Qian Wang Gerard van der Zon Jiang Ren cedrick Agaser roderick c.Slieker Prasanna Vasudevan iyengar Hailiang Mei Peter ten Dijke Department of cell and chemical Biology Leiden University Medical CenterLeiden 2300 RCThe Netherlands Oncode institute Leiden University Medical CenterLeiden 2300 RCThe Netherlands Department of Biomedical Data Sciences Sequencing Analysis Support CoreLeiden University Medical CenterLeiden 2300 RCThe Netherlands Department of Epidemiology and Data Science Amsterdam Public Health InstituteAmsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences InstituteAmsterdam UMClocation VUmcAmsterdam 1081 HVThe Netherlands

Ovo-like transcriptional repressor 1(OVOL1)is a key mediator of epithelial lineage determination and mesenchymal–epithelial transition(MET).The cytokines transforming growth factor-β(TGF-β)and bone morphogenetic proteins(BMP)control the epithelial–mesenchymal plasticity(EMP)of cancer cells,but whether this occurs through interplay with OVOL1 is not known.Here,we show that OVOL1 is inversely correlated with the epithelial–mesenchymal transition(EMT)signature,and is an indicator of a favorable prognosis for breast cancer patients.OVOL1 suppresses EMT.

关键词： invasion breast cancer

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commentary:restarting NTD programme activities after the Ebola outbreak in Liberia

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infectious Diseases of Poverty 2017年第1期6卷 455-458页

作者： Brent c.Thomas Karsor Kollie Benjamin Koudou charles mackenzie centre for Neglected Tropical Diseases(cNTD) Liverpool School of Tropical MedicineLiverpoolUK Neglected Tropical Disease Non-Communicable Disease and Eye Health GroupMinistry of HealthMonroviaLiberia

it is widely known that the recent Ebola Virus Disease(EVD)in West Africa caused a serious disruption to the national health system,with many of ongoing disease focused programmes,such as mass drug administration(MDA)for onchocerciasis(ONc),lymphatic filariasis(LF)and schistosomiasis(ScH),being suspended or scaled-down.As these MDA programmes attempt to restart post-EVD it is important to understand the challenges that may be encountered.This commentary addresses the opinions of the major health sectors involved,as well as those of community members,regarding logistic needs and challenges faced as these important public health programmes consider restarting.There appears to be a strong desire by the communities to resume NTD programme activities,although it is clear that some important challenges remain,the most prominent being those resulting from the severe loss of trained staff.

关键词： West Africa Ebola Neglected tropical diseases Mass drug administration Health systems

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Reuse of N95 Masks

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Engineering 2020年第6期6卷 593-596页

作者： Dana mackenzie Senior Technology Writer.

As the c0V1D-19 pandemic enters its second month(April 2020)in the United States,one of the simplest pieces of medical equipment is in desperately short supply:medical-grade protective facemasks,typically engineered and specified for a single use only.Now,to meet the critical and quickly intensifying need,chinese and American engineers are devising new procedures for decontaminating and reusing masks that hospitals already have on hand(Fig.1)[1].Although some of these procedures require specialized equipment,others are simple enough to use at home(Fig.2)[2,3].

关键词： specialized typically protective

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Reproducibility of Test-Retest cortical Evoked Responses in Patients with Focal Epilepsy

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Journal of Behavioral and Brain Science 2023年第1期13卷 1-13页

作者： mackenzie c. cervenka Monika Rozycka Erik Sass Dana Boatman Reich Department of Neurology Johns Hopkins School of Medicine Baltimore USA Department of Otolaryngology Johns Hopkins School of Medicine Baltimore USA

This exploratory study examined the short-term reliability of cortical auditory evoked responses recorded from patients undergoing whole-head scalp elec-troencephalography (EEG) monitoring to assess their candidacy for surgical treatment of intractable focal seizures. Participants were 26 patients with either left-sided (N = 13) or right-sided focal epilepsy admitted to the hospital for continuous scalp EEG monitoring for possible epilepsy surgery planning. cortical auditory evoked responses were recorded over multiple days from scalp EEG electrodes using tones presented binaurally in a passive oddball paradigm. Test-retest intervals were 1 - 6 days (mean 2 days). Test-retest reproducibility of the auditory N1 response was assessed by paired t-test (latency) and cross-correlation analysis (amplitude and latency). Within-patient comparisons of test-retest auditory N1 peak latencies revealed no significant differences. The cross-correlation coefficient indicated high test-retest reproducibility of the N1 waveform (rcc = 0.88). Seizure lateralization was not associated with asymmetries in N1 latencies or amplitudes. An N1 amplitude asymmetry (right > left) in patients with focal seizures originating from the left hemisphere was initially observed, but disappeared when patients with prior resections were excluded, suggesting that reduced left hemisphere tissue volume may account for the smaller N1 amplitudes. Test-retest reliability of cortical auditory evoked responses was unexpectedly high in patients with focal epilepsy regardless of seizure lateralization or localization. These findings challenge the view that neural responses are intrinsically unstable (unreliable) in patients with seizures.

关键词： Auditory Evoked Response Seizure Epilepsy Reproducibility Reliability

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Modeling large reversible electric-field-induced strain in ferroelectric materials using 90° orientation switching

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Science china(Technological Sciences) 2009年第1期52卷 141-147页

作者： roderick V. N. MELNiK Mathematical Modelling and computational Sciences Wilfrid Laurier University Waterloo 75 University Ave W Canada N2L 3C5

Reversible large electric-field-induced strain caused by reversible orientation switchings in BaTiO3 is modeled using the Landau's theory of phase transition. A triple well free energy function is constructed. Each of its minima is associated with one of the polarization orientations involved. Nonlinear constitu- tive laws accounting for reversible orientation switchings and electrostriction effects are obtained by using thermodynamic equilibrium conditions. Hysteretic dynamics of one-dimensional structures is described by coupled nonlinear differential equations. Double hysteretic loops in the electric and me- chanic fields are both successfully modeled. Giant reversible electrostriction is modeled as a conse-quence of reversible orientation switchings via electro-mechanical couplings. comparisons with ex-perimental results reported in literatures are presented.

关键词： large electrostriction reversible switchings double hysteresis differential model

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Global Asymptotics of Orthogonal Polynomials Associated with a Generalized Freud Weight

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chinese Annals of Mathematics,Series B 2018年第3期39卷 553-596页

作者： Zhi-Tao WEN roderick WONG Shuai-Xia XU Department of Mathematics Taiyuan University of TechnologyTaiyuan 030024China Liu Bie Ju centre for Mathematical Sciences City University of Hong KongHong KongChina institut Franco-chinois de l’Energie Nucleaire Sun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou 510275China

in this paper,the authors consider the asymptotic behavior of the monic polynomials orthogonal with respect to the weight function w(x) = |x|^(2α)e^(-(x^4+tx^2)),x ∈ R,where α is a constant larger than -1/2 and t is any real number. They consider this problem in three separate cases:(i) c >-2,(ii) c =-2,and(iii) c c := t N^(-1/2) is a constant,N = n + α and n is the degree of the polynomial. in the first two cases,the support of the associated equilibrium measure μ_t is a single interval,whereas in the third case the support of μ_t consists of two intervals. in each case,globally uniform asymptotic expansions are obtained in several regions. These regions together cover the whole complex plane. The approach is based on a modified version of the steepest descent method for Riemann-Hilbert problems introduced by Deift and Zhou(1993).

关键词：多项式直角重量盒子常数实数

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