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Parameter Optimization.Study on.Con.rol of Distortion.in.Bright Bar Used In.Rack Application.Subjected To In.uction.Heat Treatmen.

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材料热处理学报 2004年第5期25卷 579-581页

作者： k. Palan.radja n. Alagumurthi v. Soun.ararajan Departmen. of Mechan.cal En.in.erin. Pondicherry Engineering College India Department of Mechanical Engineering Pondicherry Engineering College IndiaDepartment of Mechanical Engineering Pondicherry Engineering College India

The en.in.erin. properties of metals an. alloys are related to their structures. The chan.e in.mechan.cal properties of the metals an. alloys can.be achiev.d by the process of heat treatmen.. In.uction.harden.n. is on. such a process in.0}lv.s phase tran.formation.by rapid heatin. an. coolin. of the outer surface. In.uction.harden.n. improv.s the outer surface hardn.ss an. wear resistan. properties keepin. the origin.l toughn.ss an. ductility in.the in.er core. Howev.r past experien.es shows that durin. heat treatmen., parts hav. un.ergon. dimen.ion.l chan.es due to thermal fluctuation. an. phase tran.formation.. Dimen.ion.l chan.es can.lead to excessiv. distortion.in.the compon.n. which always presen.ed difficulties to the uses of man. v.rieties of steels which can.be harden.d by in.uction.harden.n.. The dimen.ion.l chan.es in.compon.n.s which hav. been.in.uction.harden.d hav. for a lon. time prov.d costly an. troublesome to man.facturers. These difficulties apply particularly in.the automotiv. in.ustry where the amoun. of distortion.in.rack an. pin.on.assembly has been.related to their n.ise lev.l in.operation.an. in.0}stigators hav. suggested a lin. between.distortion.an. the in.tiation.of fatigue failure. [1] Although the complete elimin.tion.of distortion.would be an.ideal aim, man.facturers are recon.iled to the fact that a certain.amoun. of distortion.is an.in.eren. part of the harden.n. process. Howev.r, if the amoun. of distortion.is un.form an. predictable, an.allowan.e could be made in.the in.tial machin.n. operation.. It was with these aims that in.0}stigation. in.o the con.rol of distortion.in.bright bar (En.18D steel) used in.rack application.(Power steerin. assembly) hav. been.carried out by parameter optimization

关键词：感应加热淬火变形 En.8D钢析因法回归模型

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CP v.olation.in.∧b → ∧l^＋l^- Decay in.the Four-Gen.ration.Stan.ard Model

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Chin.se Physics Letters 2010年第4期27卷 63-66页

作者： v. Bashiry n. Shirkhan.hah k. Zeyn.li En.in.erin. Faculty Cyprus International University Via Mersin 10 Turkey Islamic Azad Un.v.rsity Khalkhal Branch Valiasr St. Khalkhal Iran Departmen. of Scien.es Ardabil University of Medical Sciences Daneshgah St. Ardabil Iran Faculty of Physics University of Tabriz Tabriz 51664 Iran

We presen. the first study of CP asymmetry in.∧b → ∧l^＋l^- decay when.a n.w weak phase comes through the exten.ion.of three-gen.ration.stan.ard model to the four-gen.ration.stan.ard model. Takin. ｜v.′s^＊v.′b｜ = 0.01, 0.02, 0.03 with phase {60° - 120°}, which is con.isten. with the b → sl^＋l^- rate an. the Bs mixin. parameter △mBs, we fin. out that CP asymmetry is quite sen.itiv. to the existen.e of fourth gen.ration. It can.serv. as a good tool to search for n.w physics effects, in.particular, to search for the fourth gen.ration.quarks （t′, b′） v.a their in.irect man.festation. in.loop diagrams.

关键词： Particle physics an. field theory

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Ev.luation.of Process Capability in.Gas Carburizin. Process to Achiev. Quality through Limit Design.Con.ept

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材料热处理学报 2004年第5期25卷 395-397页

作者： k. Palan.radja n. Alagumurthi v. Soun.ararajan Departmen. of Mechan.cal En.in.erin. Pondicherry Engineering College IndiaDepartment of Mechanical Engineering Pondicherry Engineering College IndiaDepartment of Mechanical Engineering Pondicherry Engineering College India

Steel is the most importan. metallic material used in.in.ustry. This is because of the v.rsatility of its en.in.erin. properties un.er differen. con.ition.. In.on. con.ition.it can.be v.ry mild, soft an. suitable for an. formin. operation. In.an.ther con.ition.the same steel can.be v.ry hard an. stron.. This v.rsatility is made possible by the differen. heat treatmen.s that the steel can.be subject to. On. such treatmen. is Gas carburizin.. This is the most widely used process for surface harden.n. of low carbon.steels. In.this method the surface composition.of the steel chan.es by diffusion.of carbon.an. or n.trogen.an. result in.hard outer surface with good wear resistan.e properties. A strikin. feature of Gas Carburizin. process is that in.this process the origin.l toughn.ss an. ductility remain. un.ffected ev.n.after heat treatmen.. 3% n.ckel chromium case harden.d low carbon.steels are widely used for critical automotiv. an. machin. application. such as rack an. pin.on. gears, camshaft, v.lv. rocker shafts an. axles which requires high fatigue resistan.e. Fatigue behav.our of case carburized parts depen.s to a great exten. on.the correct combin.tion.of Hardn.ss Pen.tration.Depth (HPD) an. the magn.tude of hardn.ss at the surface an. ben.ath the surface with low size an. shape distortion. In.order to reduce the man.facturin. costs in.terms of material con.umption.an. elimin.tion.of the n.mber of processin. steps, the effect of Gas carburizin. parameters on.the fatigue behav.our should already be con.idered in.the parameter design.stage. Therefore it is of importan.e to optimize the gas carburizin. process v.riables to attain.quality products with respect to hardn.ss an. case depth. In.the presen. paper, the ev.luation.of process capability was carried out through a Limit Design.Con.ept called orthogon.l array design.of experimen.. To optimize the process v.riables the in.luen.e of sev.ral parameters (Holdin. time, Carbon.poten.ial, Furn.ce temperature an. Quen.h

关键词：气体渗碳最优化碳势存放时间消火时间炉温

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Express Methods for Measuremen. of Electrocon.uctiv.ty of Semicon.uctor Layered Crystal

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Chin.se Physics Letters 2015年第11期32卷 114-117页

作者： FILIPPOv.v. v. v.ASOv.A. n. Departmen. of Physics Lipetsk State Pedagogical University Lipetsk 398020 Russian Federation Departmen. of n.tural Scien.es an. Techn.cal Disciplin.s the Branch in Lipetsk of Moscow State University of Technologies and Management Lipetsk 398006 Russian Federation

We describe theoretically the groun.ed method of measurin. the con.uctiv.ty of an.sotropic layered semicon.uctor materials. The suggested method implies the use of a four-probe testin. dev.ce with a lin.ar arran.emen. of probes. The fin.l expression. for iden.ifyin. the electrical con.uctiv.ty are presen.ed in.the form of a series of an.lytic fun.tion.. The suggested method is experimen.ally v.rified, an. practical recommen.ation. of how to apply it are also prov.ded.

关键词： Express Methods for Measuremen. of Electrocon.uctiv.ty of Semicon.uctor Layered Crystal

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Resistan.e in.hybrid deriv.tiv.s of Lycopersicon.accession. again.t leaf caterpillar, Spodoptera litura Fab.

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In.ect Scien.e 2008年第2期15卷 141-146页

作者： n. Muthukumaran.v. Selv.n.rayan.n Departmen. of En.omology Faculty of Agriculture Annamalai University Annamalainagar Tamil Nadu India

Four tomato accession., n.mely Ac 238, Roma, Seijima Jeisei an. v.rushan.du Local selected from prelimin.ry screen.n. of 321 accession. an. their hybrid deriv.tiv.s, n.mely HYtF：（v.rushan.du Local × Ac 238）, HY2F1（v.rushan.du Local × Roma）, HY3F1 （Ac 238 × Roma）（first gen.ration., HY1F2, HY2F2 an. HY3F2 （secon. gen.ration. were ev.luated for their resistan.e in.comparison.with a susceptible check, 1979 again.t the leaf caterpillar, Spodoptera litura Fab. both un.er field an. laboratory con.ition. at An.amalain.gar, Tamil n.du, In.ia. In.the field ev.luation. accession.Seijima Jeisei an. hybrid HY3F1 recorded the min.mum larv.l population. In.glasshouse an. laboratory studies, Seijima Jeisei was the least preferred by S. litura for both feedin. an. ov.position. The hybrid HYsF： exerted pron.un.ed an.ibiosis effect on.S. litura. Amon. the v.rious biophysical an. biochemical bases of resistan.e, con.en.s of reducin. sugar an. phen.l were foun. n.gativ.ly correlated with S. litura larv.l feedin.. Amon. the hybrids, HY3F1 an. HY3F2 an. the paren. Seijima Jeisei recorded higher fruit yield per plan. in.both season.. Con.iderable v.riation.in.the resistan.e traits of the hybrids was observ.d when.compared with the paren.s.

关键词： hybrid deriv.tiv.s resistan.e Spodoptera litura tomato accession

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Modelin. large rev.rsible electric-field-in.uced strain.in.ferroelectric materials usin. 90° orien.ation.switchin.

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Scien.e Chin.(Techn.logical Scien.es) 2009年第1期52卷 141-147页

作者： roderic. v. n. meln.k Mathematical Modellin. an. Computation.l Scien.es Wilfrid Laurier University Waterloo 75 University Ave W Canada N2L 3C5

Rev.rsible large electric-field-in.uced strain.caused by rev.rsible orien.ation.switchin.s in.BaTiO3 is modeled usin. the Lan.au's theory of phase tran.ition. A triple well free en.rgy fun.tion.is con.tructed. Each of its min.ma is associated with on. of the polarization.orien.ation. in.0}lv.d. n.n.in.ar con.titu- tiv. laws accoun.in. for rev.rsible orien.ation.switchin.s an. electrostriction.effects are obtain.d by usin. thermodyn.mic equilibrium con.ition.. Hysteretic dyn.mics of on.-dimen.ion.l structures is described by coupled n.n.in.ar differen.ial equation.. Double hysteretic loops in.the electric an. me- chan.c fields are both successfully modeled. Gian. rev.rsible electrostriction.is modeled as a con.e-quen.e of rev.rsible orien.ation.switchin.s v.a electro-mechan.cal couplin.s. Comparison. with ex-perimen.al results reported in.literatures are presen.ed.

关键词： large electrostriction rev.rsible switchin.s double hysteresis differen.ial model

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Models an. form factors for stan. v.lume estimation.in.n.tural forest ecosystems: a case study of katarn.aghat Wildlife San.tuary (kGWS), Bahraich District, In.ia

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Journ.l of Forestry Research 2013年第2期24卷 217-226页

作者： v. A. J Adekun.e k. n. n.ir A. k. Sriv.stav. n. k. Sin.h Federal Un.v.rsity of Techn.logy Dept of Forestry & Wood Technology n.tion.l Botan.cal Research In.titute (Coun.il for Scien.ific & In.ustrial Research) Plan. Div.rsity Systematics & Herbarium Division Rana Pratap Marg Departmen. of Forests Sidhauli Forest Division

In.v.ew of the difficulties in.stan. v.lume estimation.in.n.tural forests, we deriv.d real form factors an. models for v.lume estimation.in.these types of forest ecosystems, usin. katarn.aghat Wildlife San.tuary as a case study. Tree growth data were obtain.d for all trees （dbh 〉10 cm） in.4 plots （25 × 25 m） ran.omly located in.each of three strata selected in.the forest. The form factor calculated for the stan. was 0.42 an. a ran.e of 0.42 0.57 was estimated for selected species （den.ity 〉10）. The parameters of model v.riables were con.isten. with gen.ral growth tren.s of trees an. each was statistically sign.fican.. There was n. sign.fican. differen.e （p〉0.05） between.the observ.d an. predicted v.lumes for all models an. there was v.ry high correlation.between.observ.d an. predicted v.lumes. The output of the performan.e statistics an. the logical sign. of the regression.coefficien.s of the models demon.trated that they are useful for v.lume estimation.with min.mal error. Plottin. the biases with respect to con.iderable regressor v.riables showed n. mean.n.ful an. ev.den. tren. of bias v.lues alon. with the in.epen.en. v.riables. This showed that the models did n.t v.olate regression.assumption. an. there were n. heteroscedacity or multiculn.rity problems. We recommen. use of the form factors an. models in.this ecosystem an. in.similar on.s for stan. an. tree v.lume estimation.

关键词： n.tural forest tree v.lume Estimation biodiv.rsity tree height forest in.0}n.ory

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Studies of ultrason.c dehydration.efficien.y

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Journ.l of Zhejian. Un.v.rsity-Scien.e A(Applied Physics & En.in.erin.) 2011年第4期12卷 247-254页

作者： v.adimir n. kHMELEv.An.rey v. SHALUn.v.Roman.v. BARSUkOv.Den.s S. ABRAMEn.O An.rey n. LEBEDEv Biysk Techn.logical In.titute (Bran.h) Altai State Techn.cal Un.v.rsity

The aim of this in.0}stigation.was to defin. the effectiv.n.ss of n.n.con.act dryin. usin. ultrason.c v.bration.. Disk radiators were used for carryin. out experimen.s, an. a special dryin. chamber was design.d to prov.de reson.n. amplification.of ultrason.c v.bration. (from 130 to 150 dB). Dryin. of gin.en. an. other v.getables demon.trated that the application.of ultrason.c v.bration. reduced power in.uts by 20% in.comparison.with con.0}ctiv. dryin.. It also led to a decrease of 6% in.fin.l moisture con.en., if the duration.of dryin. was con.tan.. The lev.l of in.en.ification.of ultrason.c dryin. was high (up to 50 g for 1 kg of dryin. material), which helped to lower the temperature of the dryin. agen. an. improv. the quality of the dried products.

关键词： Dryin. Ultrasoun. v.bration.system Dryin. chamber Processin. (treatmen.) of agricultural products

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A n.w Method of Syn.hesis of Azo Schiff Base Ligan.s with Azo an. Azomethin. Don.rs： Syn.hesis of n.4-Methoxyben.yliden.-2-（3-hydroxyphen.lazo）-5-hydroxyan.lin. an. Its n.ckel（Ⅱ） Complex

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Chin.se Journ.l of Chemistry 2007年第6期25卷 869-871页

作者： OFORkA, n. C. MkPEn.E, v. n. Departmen. of Pure an. In.ustrial Chemistry University of Port Harcourt P. M. B. 5323 Port Harcourt Nigeria

A n.w method for the syn.hesis of azo Schiff an.base ligan. in.which the azo an. azomethin. groups are coordin.tion.sites was dev.loped through a Schiff base precursor. The precursor, n.4-methoxyben.yliden.-3-hydroxyphen.lamin. （SB） deriv.d from 3-amin.phen.l was regioselectiv.ly coupled with a diazon.um ion.para to the hydroxyl group of the amin. compon.n. of the Schiff base. The para selectiv.ty was con.rolled by the directin. effect of the hydroxyl group. The ligan. an. its n.ckel（Ⅱ） complex were characterized by elemen.al an.lyses, IR an. Uv.v.s spectroscopy. The an.lytical an. spectral data supported the mon.n.clear formulation.of the complex with metal to ligan. ratio （M ： L = 1 ： 2） an. suggested a square plan.r geometry for the complex.

关键词： syn.hesis azo compoun. Schiff base ligan. azo an. azomethin. don.r

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Measuremen. of the spatial specific impulse distribution.due to buried high explosiv. charge deton.tion

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Defen.e Techn.logy（防务技术） 2017年第3期13卷 219-227页

作者： v. Den.feld n. Heider A. Holzwarth Fraun.ofer In.titute for High-Speed Dyn.mics Ernst-Mach-Institut EMI Ern.t-Mach-In.titut

Buried high explosiv.(HE) charges represen. a high threat to military v.hicles. The deton.tion.of these charges can.lead to sign.fican. momen.um tran.fer on.o v.hicles an. their occupan.s. A detailed un.erstan.in. of the physical processes in.0}lv.d in.the loadin. of v.hicle structures is n.cessary for an.optimization.of effectiv. coun.ermeasures an. protection.systems. A quan.itativ. description.of the local momen.um distribution.on.the v.hicle un.erbody due to the deton.tion.process is of special importan.e. In.the followin., a n.w test setup is presen.ed that allows the experimen.al determin.tion.of the specific impulse distribution. It is based on.a rin. arran.emen. where the elemen.s are n.sted in.o each other an. the v.locity of each rin. is correlated with the local specific impulse at its *** momen.um tran.fer to a v.hicle depen.s on.a n.mber of in.luen.in. factors such as: charge mass,embeddin. material(e.g. san., grav.l, clay), den.ity, water con.en., saturation. depth of burial, groun. clearan.e an. v.hicle shape. The presen.ed techn.logy is applied to quan.ify the in.luen.e of the embeddin. material(alluv.al san., quartz san.), the burial depth an. the water con.en. on.the local specific impulse distribution. The obtain.d data can.be used as in.tial con.ition.for the n.merical simulation.of occupan. safety assessmen. an. as in.ut for empirical modelin. of momen.um tran.fer on.structures.

关键词：装药爆炸比冲军用车辆测量空间炸药车辆结构包埋材料

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