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E-health:Can It Contribute to Reductions in Road Traffic Injuries?

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伤害医学（电子版） 2012年第2期1卷 1-2页

作者： robyn Norton The George Institute for Global Health University of Oxford Public Health University of Sydney

The use of electronic technologies (e-health),including mobile devices (m-health),as a means to prevent and manage disease and improve health outcomes is a relatively new area of endeavour,but one which is gaining significant momentum,especially in settings where lowcost solutions to improve health outcomes are required[1].In many low and middle-income countries,access to mobile phones and the internet is already high and increasing,especially among adolescents (the highest risk group for road traffic injuries),and with costs for these technologies continuing to decline,they offer significant opportunities to contribute to improvements in health outcomes.

关键词： road traffic

Stable isotope analysis of diet confirms niche separation of two sympatric species of Namib Desert lizard

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Integrative Zoology 2016年第1期11卷 60-75页

作者： Ian W.MURRAY Hilary M.LEASE robyn S.HETEM Duncan MITCHELL Andrea FULLER Stephan WOODBORNE Brain Function Research Group School of PhysiologyFaculty of Health SciencesUniversity of the WitwatersrandJohannesburgSouth Africa Biology Department Whitman CollegeWalla WallaWashingtonUSA iThemba Laboratories GautengSouth Africa Stable Isotope Laboratory Mammal Research InstituteDepartment of Zoology and EntomologyUniversity of PretoriaPretoriaSouth Africa

We used stable isotopes of carbon and nitrogen to study the trophic niche of two species of insectivorous lizards,the Husab sand lizard Pedioplanis husabensis and Bradfield’s Namib day gecko living sympatrically in the Namib *** measured theδ13C andδ15N ratios in lizard blood tissues with different turnover times(whole blood,red blood cells and plasma)to investigate lizard diet in different *** also measured theδ13C andδ15N ratios in available arthropod prey and plant tissues on the site,to identify the avenues of nutrient movement between lizards and their *** the use of stable isotope mixing models,we found that the two lizard species relied on a largely non-overlapping but seasonally variable array of arthropods:*** primarily fed on termites,beetles and wasps,while *** fed mainly on ants,wasps and *** originating from C3 plants were proportionally higher for *** than for *** during autumn and late autumn/early winter,although not *** to the few available data estimating the trophic transfer of nutrients in ectotherms in mixed C3 and C4/crassulacean acid metabolism(CAM)plant landscapes,we found that our lizard species primarily acquired nutrients that originated from C4/CAM *** work adds an important dimension to the general lack of studies using stable isotope analyses to estimate lizard niche partitioning and resource use.

关键词： Namib Desert niche partitioning Pedioplanis Rhoptropus stable isotopes

Curaderm<sup>BEC5</sup>for Skin Cancers, Is It? An Overview

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Journal of Cancer Therapy 2011年第5期2卷 728-745页

作者： Tania robyn Chase 不详

Skin cancer incidence is increasing at alarming rates and is considered by some as an epidemic. Its incidence is higher than all other cancers combined. The developments of new treatments have not parallelled the increased incidences of this disease. A variety of treatments are available with differing outcomes. More recently a novel topical treatment, consisting of the antineoplastic compounds solasodine rhamnosyl glycosides, solamargine and solasonine, which are derived from plant material, has been described that claims to have many advantages over the currently used skin cancer therapies. This review investigates such claims.

关键词： Nonmelanoma Skin Cancers Solasodine Rhamnosyl Glycosides Curaderm Solamargine Solasonine

Identifying contextual determinants of problems in tuberculosis care provision in South Africa: a theory-generating case study

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2021年第3期10卷 82-94页

作者： Jamie Murdoch robyn Curran Andre Jvan Rensburg Ajibola Awotiwon Audry Dube Max Bachmann Inge Petersen Lara Fairall School of Health Sciences University of East AngliaNorwich NR47TJUK. University of Cape Town Lung Institute Knowledge Translation UnitUniversity of Cape TownMowbray 7700South Africa Centre for Rural Health University of KwaZulu NatalDurbanSouth Africa Norwich Medical School University of East AngliaNorwich NR47TJUK. King's Global Health Institute King's College LondonLondon SE19NHUK. Knowledge Translation Unit Department of MedicineUniversity of Cape Town Lung InstituteUniversity of Cape TownMowbray 7700South Africa.

Background:Despite progress towards End TB Strategy targets for reducing tuberculosis(TB)incidence and deaths by 2035,South Africa remains among the top ten high-burden tuberculosis countries globally.A large challenge lies in how policies to improve detection,diagnosis and treatment completion interact with social and structural drivers *** understanding and theoretical development of the contextual determinants of problems inTB care is required for developing effective *** article reports findings from the pre-implementation phase of a study ofTB care in South Africa,contributing to HeAlth System StrEngThening in Sub-Saharan Africa(ASSET)-a five-year research programme developing and evaluating health system strengthening interventions in sub-Saharan *** study aimed to develop hypothetical propositions regarding contextual determinants of problems inTB care to inform intervention development to reduce TB deaths and incidence whilst ensuring the delivery of quality integrated,person-centred ***:Theory-building case study design using the Context and Implementation of Complex Interventions(CICI)framework to identify contextual determinants of problems in TB *** February and November 2019,we used mixed methods in six public-sector primary healthcare facilities and one public-sector hospital serving impoverished urban and rural communities in the Amajuba District of KwaZulu-Natal Province,South *** data included stakeholder interviews,observations and documentary *** data included routine data on sputum testing andTB *** were inductively analysed and mapped onto the seven CICI contextual ***:Delayed diagnosis was caused by interactions between fragmented healthcare provision;limited resources;verticalised care;poorTB screening,sputum collection and *** nurse responsible forTB care,with limited integration ofTB with other conditions,and policy focused o

关键词： Tuberculosis Health systems strengthening Primary healthcare Person-centred care Context

Developing a longline/jig sentinel survey program for an area with limited monitoring and fishing efforts

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Aquaculture and Fisheries 2020年第3期5卷 139-147页

作者： Anna M.Henry John Carlucci Mattie Rodrigue robyn Linner Yong Chen School of Marine Sciences University of MaineOronoME04469USA

Areas,such as coastal eastern Gulf of Maine(GOM),perceived to have low density of target fish species and having high density fixed gear,are often subject to low fishing pressure and not well *** can lead to a shortage of information regarding the fine scale dynamics of groundfish *** surveys are commonly developed for such areas with little monitoring and commercial fishing activity as a cost effective way to collect relevant data for monitoring the dynamics of fish *** this study,we outline an approach that utilizes information from other survey programs and pilot study for designing a survey that satisfies both the wish of fishermen participants to contribute their knowledge and experience in determining groundfish abundance and distribution and the statistical rigor required for stock *** an analysis of spatial and density distribution of groundfish populations based on data from pilot seasons of the sentinel survey and other monitoring programs,we designed a survey that has good spatial and temporal coverage and captures the spatial variability in species composition and size structure of key *** spatially explicit data collected in the program can contribute to a better understanding of groundfish stock status in the eastern *** approach,although developed for the coastal eastern GOM,is also applicable to other areas with similar issues.

关键词： Coastal Eastern Gulf of Maine Sentinel survey Groundfish Longline/jig Survey design

Learning ACT: An Acceptance and Commitment Therapy Skills-Training Manual for Therapists Pap/DVD

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Sequencing of high-efficacy disease-modifying therapies in multiple sclerosis： perspectives and approaches

2007年

作者： Jason Luoma PhD Steven C. Hayes PhD robyn D. Walser PhD

来源：畅想之星图书光盘版（南... 评论

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Neural Regeneration Research 2018年第11期13卷 1871-1874页

作者： Francois Grand'Maison Michael Yeung Sarah A. Morrow Liesly Lee Francois Emond Brian J. Ward Pierre Laneuville robyn Schecter Neuro Rive-Sud Hospital Charles LeMoyne Greenfield Park Quebec Canada Clinical Neurosciences Foothills Medical Centre Calgary Alberta Canada London Health Sciences Center (LHSC) Western University London Ontario Canada Department of Neurology Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre Toronto Ontario Canada Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Quebec - hospital de l'Enfant-Jesus Quebec City Quebec Canada Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre Montreal Quebec Canada Department of Medicine McGill University Montreal Quebec Canada Novartis Pharmaceuticals Canada Inc. Dotal Quebec Canada

Multiple sclerosis（MS） is characterized by chronic inflammation in conjunction with neurodegeneration within the central nervous system. Most individuals with MS begin with a relapsing remitting course that later transitions to secondary progressive MS. Currently available disease-modifying therapies（DMTs） for relapsing MS have been demonstrated to reduce disease activity, however most patients require a change in therapy over the course of their disease. Treatment goals include the prevention of relapses and disability accumulation and to achieve this objective requires careful planning. Sequencing of DMTs for individual patients should be designed in such a way to maximize disease control and minimize risk based on the mechanism of action, pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties of each therapy. This includes the DMT patients are being switched from to those they are being switched to. The reversibility of immune system effects should be a key consideration for DMT sequence selection. This feature varies across DMTs and should factor more prominently in decision making as newer treatments become available for the prevention of disability accumulation in patients with progressive MS. In this short review, we discuss the landscape of existing therapies with an eye to the future when planning for optimal DMT sequencing. While no cure exists for MS, efforts are being directed toward research in neuroregeneration with the hope for positive outcomes.

关键词： relapsing multiple sclerosis high efficacy disease-modifying therapies treatment optimization treatment sequencing therapeutic inertia sub-optimal treatment progressive disease immune effects

Beyond monogenetic rare variants:tackling the low rate of genetic diagnoses in predominantly antibody deficiency

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2021年第3期18卷 588-603页

作者： Emily S.J.Edwards Julian J.Bosco Samar Ojaimi robyn E.O’Hehir Menno C.van Zelm Department of Immunology and Pathology Central Clinical SchoolMonash UniversityMelbourneVICAustralia The Jeffrey Modell Diagnostic and Research Centre for Primary Immunodeficiencies MelbourneVICAustralia Department of Allergy Immunology and Respiratory MedicineCentral Clinical SchoolMonash University and AllergyAsthma and Clinical Immunology ServiceAlfred HospitalMelbourneVICAustralia Department of Infectious Diseases Monash HealthClaytonVICAustralia Centre for Inflammatory Diseases Monash HealthClaytonVICAustralia Department of Allergy and Immunology Monash HealthClaytonVICAustralia

Predominantly antibody deficiency(PAD)is the most prevalent form of primary immunodeficiency,and is characterized by broad clinical,immunological and genetic *** the current gold standard of whole exome sequencing for diagnosis,pathogenic gene variants are only identified in less than 20% of *** elucidation of the causal genes underlying PAD has provided many insights into the cellular and molecular mechanisms underpinning disease pathogenesis,many other genes may remain as yet undefined to enable definitive diagnosis,prognostic monitoring and targeted therapy of *** that many patients display a relatively late onset of disease presentation in their 2^(nd) or 3^(rd) decade of life,it is questionable whether a single genetic lesion underlies disease in all ***,combined effects of other gene variants and/or non-genetic factors,including specific infections can drive disease *** this review,we define(1)the clinical and immunological variability of PAD,(2)consider how genetic defects identified in PAD have given insight into B-cell immunobiology,(3)address recent technological advances in genomics and the challenges associated with identifying causal variants,and(4)discuss how functional validation of variants of unknown significance could potentially be translated into increased diagnostic rates,improved prognostic monitoring and personalized medicine for PAD patients.A multidisciplinary approach will be the key to curtailing the early mortality and high morbidity rates in this immune disorder.

关键词： Predominantly antibody deficiency Genetic diagnosis Genomics Functional validation

Can non-typeable Haemophilus influenzae carriage surveillance data infer antimicrobial resistance associated with otitis media?

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Pediatric Investigation 2023年第1期7卷 13-22页

作者： Sophia Bowman-Derrick Tegan M.Harris Jemima Beissbarth Mariana Kleinecke Katrina Lawrence Teresa M.Wozniak Amy Bleakley Angela Rumaseb Michael J.Binks robyn L.Marsh Peter S.Morris Amanda J.Leach Heidi Smith-Vaughan Menzies School of Health Research Charles Darwin UniversityDarwinAustralia Australian e-Health Research Centre CSIRO BrisbaneAustralia Royal Darwin Hospital DarwinAustralia

Importance:In remote communities of the Northern Territory,Australia,children experience high rates of otitis media(OM),commonly caused by non-typeable Haemophilus influenzae(NTHi).Few data exist on antibiotic susceptibility of NTHi from ***:To determine whether population-level nasopharyngeal NTHi antibiotic susceptibility data could inform antibiotic treatment for ***:NTHi isolates(n=92)collected from ear discharge between 2003 and 2013 were selected to time-and age-match NTHi isolates from the nasopharyngeal carriage(n=95).Antimicrobial susceptibility were *** trees and a genome-wide association study(GWAS)were performed to determine the similarity of nasopharyngeal and ear isolates at a population ***:Among 174 NTHi isolates available for antimicrobial susceptibility testing,10.3%(18/174)were resistant to ampicillin and 9.2%(16/174)were resistant to *** numbers of isolates(≤3)were resistant to tetracycline,chloramphenicol,or amoxicillin-clavulanic *** was no statistical difference in the proportion of ampicillin-resistant(P=0.11)or trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole-resistant isolates(P=0.70)between ear discharge and nasopharynx-derived NTHi *** multi-drug resistant NTHi isolates were *** trees showed no clustering of 187 Haemophilus influenzae isolates based on anatomical niche(nasopharynx or ear discharge),and no genetic variations that distinguished NTHi derived from ear discharge and nasopharyngeal carriage were evident in the ***:In this population-level study,nasopharyngeal and ear discharge isolates did not represent distinct microbial *** results support tracking of population-level nasopharyngeal NTHi antibiotic resistance patterns to inform clinical management of OM in this population.

关键词： Haemophilus influenzae Otitis media Antimicrobial resistance