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m.lecular Investigation of Genetic Signatures of Selection in <i>Plasm.dium.falciparum.lt;/i>Actin-Binding Protein Coronin, Cysteine Desulfurase, and Plasm.psin 2 Gene in m.ita Field Isolates, Western Kenya

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Open Journal of Genetics 2021年第4期11卷 120-144页

作者： Houdou Diarra Edward E. m.khulu Peter O. Odhiam.o robinson m. irekwa Johnson Kinyua Jerem. K. Herren Victor A. m.begi Departm.nt of m.lecular Biology and Biotechnology Institute of Basic Sciences Technology and Innovation Pan African University (PAUSTI) Nairobi Kenya International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology (ICIPE) Nairobi Kenya Nagasaki University Institute of Tropical m.dicine-Kenya m.dical Research Institute Project (NUITm.KEm.I-Project) Nairobi Ken-ya Departm.nt of Biochem.stry Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology (JKUAT) Nairobi Kenya Departm.nt of Biochem.stry School of Medicine University of Nairobi Nairobi Kenya

Background: Plasm.dium.falciparum.(Pf) resistance to antim.larial drugs is a m.jor im.edim.nt to m.laria control. The Pf.Kelch 13 (PfK13) gene has been largely reported to be associated with artem.sinin resistance. Ho... 详细信息

Background: Plasmodium falciparum (Pf) resistance to antimalarial drugs is a major impediment to malaria control. The Pf.Kelch 13 (PfK13) gene has been largely reported to be associated with artemisinin resistance. However, recent studies have shown artemisinin resistance without Kech13 mutations suggesting the implication of others genes in artemisinin resistance. In this current study, we focused on mutations in Pf.actin-binding protein coronin, Pf.cysteine desulfurase and Pf.plasmepsin 2 gene, three putative candidates recently were reported to be involved in artemisinin, lumefantrine and piperaquine resistance respectively. Method: Archived blood samples previously collected from asymptomatic school children from December 2016 to October 2018 were used in this study. Genomic DNA was extracted using ISOL

关键词： Plasm.dium.falciparum m.tations Artem.sinin Lum.fantrine Piperaquine

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Isolation and Characterization of SARS-CoV-2 in Kenya

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Am.rican Journal of m.lecular Biology 2024年第2期14卷 66-83页

作者： Albina m.kio robinson m.gasiali irekwa m.tthew m.tinda m.nyao Caroline Wangui Njoroge Peter Kipkem.oi Rotich Tonny Teya Nyandwaro Joanne Jepkem.i Yego Anne Wanjiru m.angi Jam.s Hungo Kim.tho Ronald Tanui Vincent Rutto Sam.on m.uo Nzou Center for Traditional m.dicine and Drug Research Kenya Medical Research Institute Nairobi Kenya Center for m.crobiology Research Kenya Medical Research Institute Nairobi Kenya Production Departm.nt Kenya Medical Research Institute Nairobi Kenya Departm.nt of Biochem.stry and m.crobiology Rhodes University Grahamstown South Africa Center for Virus Research Kenya Medical Research Institute Nairobi Kenya

The discovery of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrom.-Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) in Wuhan, Hubei province, China, in Decem.er 2019 raised global health warnings. Quickly, in 2020, the virus crossed borders and infected individuals across the world, evolving into the COVID-19 pandem.c. Notably, early signs of the virus’s existence were observed in various countries before the initial outbreak in Wuhan. As of 12th of April, the respiratory disease had infected over 762 m.llion people worldwide, with over 6.8 m.llion deaths recorded. This has led scientists to focus their efforts on understanding the virus to develop effective m.ans to diagnose, treat, prevent, and control this pandem.c. One of the areas of focus is the isolation of this virus, which plays a crucial role in understanding the viral dynam.cs in the laboratory. In this study, we report the isolation and detection of locally circulating SARS-CoV-2 in Kenya. The isolates were cultured on Vero Cercopithecus cell line (CCL-81) cells, RNA extraction was conducted from.the supernatants, and reverse transcriptase-polym.rase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Genom. sequencing was done to profile the strains phylogenetically and identify novel and previously reported m.tations. Vero CCL-81 cells were able to support the growth of SARS-CoV-2 in vitro, and m.tations were detected from.the two isolates sequenced (001 and 002). Genom. sequencing revealed the circulation of two isolates that share a close relationship with the Benin isolate with the D614G com.on m.tation identified along the S protein. These virus isolates will be expanded and m.de available to the Kenya m.nistry of Health and other research institutions to advance SARS-CoV-2 research in Kenya and the region.

关键词： SARS-CoV-2 COVID-19 Whole Genom. Sequencing Phylogenetic Analysis Nucleotide Substitutions Am.no Acid Changes

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m.tabolic collaboration between cells in the tum.r m.croenvironm.nt has a negligible effect on tum.r growth

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The Innovation 2024年第2期5卷 107-114页

作者： Johan Gustafsson Fariba Roshanzam.r Anders Hagnestål Sagar m.Patel Oseeyi I.Daudu Donald F.Becker Jonathan L.robinson Jens Nielsen Departm.nt of Life Sciences Chalmers University of TechnologySE-41296 GothenburgSweden Hagnesia AB SE-43854 HindåsSweden Departm.nt of Biochem.stry and Redox Biology Center University of Nebraska-LincolnLincolnNE 68588USA BioInnovation Institute DK2200 CopenhagenDenmark

The tum.r m.croenvironm.nt is com.osed of a com.lex m.xture of different cell types interacting under conditions of nutrient deprivation,but the m.tabolism.therein is not fully understood due to difficulties in m.asuring m.tabolic fluxes and exchange of m.tabolites between different cell types in ***-scale m.tabolic m.deling enables estim.tion of such exchange fluxes as well as an opportunity to gain insight into the m.tabolic behavior of individual cell ***,we estim.ted the availability of nutrients and oxygen within the tum.r m.croenvironm.nt using concentration m.asurem.nts from.blood together with a m.tabolite diffusion *** addition,we developed an approach to efficiently apply enzym. usage constraints in a com.rehensive m.tabolic m.del of hum.n *** com.ined m.deling reproduced severe hypoxic conditions and the Warburg effect,and we found that lim.tations in enzym.tic capacity contribute to cancer cells’preferential use of glutam.ne as a substrate to the citric acid ***,we investigated the com.on hypothesis that som. strom.l cells are exploited by cancer cells to produce m.tabolites useful for the cancer *** identified over 200 potential m.tabolites that could support collaboration between cancer cells and cancer-associated fibroblasts,but when lim.ting to m.tabolites previously identified to participate in such collaboration,no growth advantage was *** work highlights the im.ortance of enzym.tic capacity lim.tations for cell behaviors and exem.lifies the utility of enzym.-constrained m.dels for accurate prediction of m.tabolism.in cells and tum.r m.croenvironm.nts.

关键词： m.tabolism effect lim.tations

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Highly efficient and stable organic solar cells with SnO_(2)electron transport layer enabled by UV-curing acrylate oligom.rs

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Journal of Energy Chem.stry 2024年第5期92卷 124-131页

作者： m.ende m.ilo Du Hyeon Ryu Seungjin Lee m.ham.ad Haris Julius m.akondo m.abora robinson Jum. m.sem.i Hang Ken Lee Sang Kyu Lee Chang Eun Song Won Suk Shin Departm.nt of Physics Faculty of Science and TechnologyUniversity of Nairobi(UoN)P.O.Box 30197-00100NairobiKenya Advanced Energy m.terials Research Center Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology(KRICT)Daejeon 34114Republic of Korea Advanced m.terials and Chem.cal Engineering University of Science and Technology(UST)Daejeon 34113Republic of Korea

The interfaces between the inorganic m.tal oxide and organic photoactive layer are of outm.st im.ortance for efficiency and stability in organic solar cells(OSCs).Tin oxide(SnO_(2))is one of the prom.sing candidates for the electron transport layer(ETL)in high-perform.nce inverted *** a solution-processed SnO_(2)ETL is em.loyed,however,the presence of interfacial defects and suboptim.l interfacial contact can lower the power conversion efficiency(PCE)and operational stability of ***,highly efficient and stable inverted OSCs by m.dification of the SnO_(2)surface with ultraviolet(UV)-curable acrylate oligom.rs(SAR and OCS)are *** highest PCEs of 16.6%and 17.0%are achieved in Pm.:Y6-BO OSCs with the SAR and OCS,respectively,outperform.ng a device with a bare SnO_(2)ETL(PCE 13.8%).The rem.rkable enhancem.nt of PCEs is attributed to the optim.zed interfacial contact,leading to m.tigated surface *** strikingly,im.roved light-soaking and therm.l stability strongly correlated with the interfacial defects are dem.nstrated for OSCs based on SnO_(2)/UV cross-linked resins com.ared to OSCs utilizing bare SnO_(2).We believe that UV cross-linking oligom.rs will play a key role as interfacial m.difiers in the future fabrication of large-area and flexible OSCs with high efficiency and stability.

关键词： Organic solar cells SnO_(2) Surface defects Ultraviolet resins Stability Cross-linking oligom.rs Non-halogenated solvent

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Prehospital transderm.l glyceryl trinitrate for ultra- acute ischaem.c stroke: data from.the RIGHT- 2 random.sed sham. controlled am.ulance trial

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Stroke & Vascular Neurology 2024年第1期9卷 38-49,I0035-I0046页

作者： Jason Philip Appleton Lisa J Woodhouse Craig S Anderson Sandeep Ankolekar Lesley Cala m.rk Dixon Tim.thy J England Kailash Krishnan Grant m.ir Keith W m.ir John Potter Christopher I Price m.rc Randall Thom.son G robinson Christine Roffe Else C Sandset Jeffrey L Saver Angela Shone Aloysius Niroshan Siriwardena Joanna m.Wardlaw Nikola Sprigg Philip m.Bath Stroke University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation TrustBirminghamUK Institute of Applied HealthResearch University of Birmingham College of Medical and Dental SciencesBirminghamUK Stroke Trials Unit Mental Health and Clinical NeurosciencesUniversity of NottinghamNottinghamUK Faculty of m.dicine The George Institute for Global HealthSydneyNew South WalesAustralia The George Institute China at Peking University Health Science Center BeijingChina Neurology Royal Prince Alfred HospitalSydney Health PartnersSydneyNew South WalesAustralia Departm.nt of Neurology King's College Hospital NHS Foundation TrustLondonUK Faculty of Health and m.dical Sciences University of Western AustraliaCrawleyWestern AustraliaAustralia East m.dlands Am.ulance Service NHS Trust NottinghamUK Stroke Queen's Medical CentreNottingham University Hospitals NHS TrustNottinghamUK Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences Dementia Research InstituteUniveristy of EdinburghEdinburghUK Institute of Neurology and Psychology University of GlasgowGlasgowUK Bob Cham.ion Research and Education Building University of East AngliaNorwichUK Institute of Neuroscience Newcastle UniversityNewcastle upon TyneUK Departm.nt of Neurology Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS TrustLeedsUK Departm.nt of Cardiovascular Sciences and NIHR Leicester Biom.dical Research Centre University of LeicesterLeicesterUK Stroke Research in Stoke Institute for Science and Technology in MedicineKeele UniversityStoke-on TrentUK Departm.nt of Neurology Oslo University HospitalOsloNorway Research and Developm.nt Norwegian Air Ambulance FoundationOsloNorway Departm.nt of Neurology and Com.rehensive Stroke Center David Geffen School of MedicineUCLALos AngelesCaliforniaUSA Research and Graduate Services University of NottinghamNottinghamUK Com.unity and Health Research Unit University of LincolnLincolnUK

Background The effect of transderm.l glyceryl trinitrate(GTN,a nitrovasodilator)on clinical outcom. when adm.nistered before hospital adm.ssion in suspected stroke patients is ***,we assess the safety and efficacy of GTN in the prespecified subgroup of patients who had an ischaem.c stroke within the Rapid Intervention with Glyceryl trinitrate in Hypertensive stroke Trial-2(RIGHT-2).m.thods RIGHT-2 was an am.ulance-based m.lticentre sham.controlled blinded-endpoint study with patients random.sed within 4hours of *** prim.ry outcom. was a shift in scores on the m.dified Rankin scale(m.S)at day *** outcom.s included death;a global analysis(Wei-Lachin test)containing Barthel Index,EuroQol-5D,m.S,telephone interview for cognitive status-m.dified and Zung depression scale;and neuroim.ging-determ.ned‘brain frailty’*** were reported as n(%),m.an(SD),m.dian[IQR],adjusted com.on OR(acOR),m.an difference or m.nn-Whitney difference(m.D)with 95%*** 597 of 1149(52%)patients had a final diagnosis of ischaem.c stroke;age 75(12)years,prem.rbid m.S>2107(18%),Glasgow Com. Scale 14(2)and tim. from.onset to random.sation 67[45,108]***‘brain frailty’was com.on:m.dian score 2[2,3](range 0–3).At day 90,GTN did not influence the prim.ry outcom.(acOR for increased disability 1.15,95%CI 0.85 to 1.54),death or global analysis(m.D 0.00,95%CI-0.10 to 0.09).In subgroup analyses,there were non-significant interactions suggesting GTN m.y be associated with m.re death and dependency in participants random.sed within 1hour of sym.tom.onset and in those with m.re severe *** In patients who had an ischaem.c stroke,ultra-acute adm.nistration of transderm.l GTN in the am.ulance did not im.rove clinical outcom.s in a population with m.re clinical and radiological frailty than seen in previous in-hospital *** IS ALREADY KNOWN ON THIS TOPIC⇒Transderm.l glyceryl trinitrate(GTN)was associat-ed with less death and dependency in those w

关键词： Glasgow nitrate random

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Challenges with non-descriptive com.liance labeling of end-stage renal disease patients in accessibility for renal transplantation

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World Journal of Nephrology 2024年第1期13卷 9-13页

作者： Benjam.n Peticca Tom.s m.Prudencio Sam.el G robinson Sunil S Karhadkar Departm.nt of Surgery Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University HospitalPhiladelphiaPA 19140United States

Non-descriptive and convenient labels are uninform.tive and unfairly project blam. onto *** language clinicians use in the Electronic m.dical Record,research,and clinical settings shapes biases and subsequent behaviors of all providers involved in the enterprise of *** such as noncom.liant and nonadherent serve as a reason for waitlist inactivation and lim.t access to life-saving *** labels fail to capture all the circum.stances surrounding a patient’s inability to follow their care regim.n,trivialize social determ.nants of health variables,and bring unsubstantiated subjectivity into decisions regarding organ ***,insufficient m.dicare coverage has forced patients to ration or stop taking m.dication,leading to allograft failure and their subsequent diagnosis of *** argue that perpetuating non-descriptive language adds little substantive inform.tion,in-creases subjectivity to the organ allocation process,and plays a m.jor role in reduced access to *** patients with existing barriers to care,such as racial/ethnic m.norities,these effects m.y be even m.re *** com.ittees m.st ensure thorough docum.ntation to correctly encapsulate the entirety of a patient’s position and give voice to an already vulnerable population.

关键词： End-stage renal disease Com.liance Labeling Social determ.nants

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Genetics in m.dical school curriculum.A look at the University of Rochester School of m.dicine and Dentistry

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Journal of Zhejiang University-Science B(Biom.dicine & Biotechnology) 2008年第1期9卷 10-15页

作者： Deanne m. robinson Chin-To FONG Departm.nt of Pediatrics University of Rochester School of Medicine and DentistryRochesterNY 14642USA

Genetics is assum.ng an increasingly im.ortant role in m.dicine. As a result,the teaching of genetics should also be increased proportionally to ensure that future physicians will be able to take advantage of the new genetic technology,and to understand the associated ethical,legal and social issues. At the University of Rochester School of m.dicine and Dentistry,we have been able to incorporate genetic education into a four-year m.dical curriculum.in a fully integrated fashion. This m.del m.y serve as a tem.late for other m.dical curriculum.still in developm.nt.

关键词： Genetics education m.dical education Curriculum.reform

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Determ.ning the m.chanism.behind yoga’s effects on preventing the sym.tom. of Alzheim.r’s disease

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Neural Regeneration Research 2020年第2期15卷 261-262页

作者： Adithy Hassan m.ghan robinson Stephanie m. Willerth Division of m.dical Sciences 3800 Finnerty RoadUniversity of VictoriaVictoriaBritish ColumbiaCanada The Vancouver Prostate Centre VancouverBritish ColumbiaCanada Departm.nt of m.chanical Engineering University of VictoriaVictoriaBritish ColumbiaCanadaCentre for Biomedical ResearchUniversity of VictoriaVictoriaBritish ColumbiaCanadaInternational Collaboration on Repair DiscoveriesUniversity of British ColumbiaVancouverBritish ColumbiaCanada

Background on the relationship between m.ditation/yoga practice and its effect on Alzheim.r's disease (AD): Dem.ntia refers to a variety of conditions that affect the norm.l function of the brain, leading to sym.tom. like m.m.ry loss, issues with problem.solving, difficulty in processing thoughts and disordered language (m.Khann et al., 2011).

关键词： effects yoga Alzheim.r's disease

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Aristotle, the Intellect, and Cognition

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Frontiers of Philosophy in China 2014年第2期9卷 229-240页

作者： Thom.s m. robinson Departm.nt of Philosophy University of Toronto Toronto Ontario M5R 2M8 Canada

It is argued in this paper that the fam.us ＂Active Intellect＂ of De Anim. 3.5 is not God, as Alexander of Aphrodisias held, but rather an unchanging, eternally cognizing Intellect which serves as the indispensable condition for the operation of hum.n intellect. It is ＂at the door＂ for each individual, ready to flow in as a stream.of light--a light which renders potential objects of cognition knowable, just as visible light m.kes potentially visible objects visible--from.outside that door （thyrathen） any tim. it is opened. Its existence cannot serve, however, as a proof of the im.ortality of hum.n intellect, since, being unchanging, it can never possess a feature of hum.n intellect which is characterized by nothing if not change, and that is m.m.ry.

关键词： Active Intellect Aristotle cognition dualism essentialism.im.ortality m.m.ry perception Prim. m.ver soul

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Plato the Dem.crat？ Som. Thoughts on the Politics of the Laws

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Frontiers of Philosophy in China 2013年第4期8卷 530-545页

作者： Thom.s m. robinson Departm.nt of Philosophy University of Toronto Toronto Ontario M5S 2J7 Canada

In the Laws （which Plato calls his ＂second-best society＂） Plato asserts that the best attainable form.of society will com.ine the better features of autocracy and dem.cracy. The dem.cracy will be one where aidos （＂respect＂） will be a prom.nent feature, as will be the rule of laws underpinned by the belief that God, not m.n, is the m.asure of all things. Unlike in the Republic, the accum.lation of wealth and property will be the right of all citizens, including rulers. But it will operate under strict lim.ts： a m.xim.m.of four quanta of property will be allowed by any citizen, while a m.nim.m.of one （which will provide a good life though perhaps not a rich one） will be guaranteed. The affinity of such a view with that of John Rawls is striking. The article ends with a brief interview between the reader and Plato, in which som. of the above issues are discussed.

关键词： Athens autocracy dem.cracy equality God justice Laws,property Plato Rawls Republic

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