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LINEAR WAVES THAT EXPRESS THE SIMPLEST POSSIBLE PERIODIC STRUCTURE OF THE COMPRESSIBLE EULER EQUATIONS

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Acta Mathematica Scientia 2009年第6期29卷 1749-1766页

作者： Blake Temple robin young Department of Mathematics University of California Davis CA 95616 USA Department of Mathematics and Statistics University of Massachusetts Amherst MA 01003 USA

In this paper we show how the simplest wave structure that balances compression and rarefaction in the nonlinear compressible Euler equations can be represented in a solution of the linearized compressible Euler equations. Such waves are exact solutions of the equations obtained by linearizing the compressible Euler equations about the periodic extension of two constant states separated by entropy jumps. Conditions on the states and the periods are derived which allow for the existence of solutions in the Fourier 1-mode. In [3, 4, 5] it is shown that these are the simplest linearized waves such that, for almost every period, they are isolated in the kernel of the linearized operator that imposes periodicity, and such that they perturb to nearby nonlinear solutions of the compressible Euler equations that balance compression and rarefaction along characteristics in the formal sense described in [3]. Their fundamental nature thus makes them of interest in their own right.

关键词： compressible Euler periodic solutions conservation laws

Dual probiotic strains suppress high fructose-induced metabolic syndrome

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2013年第2期19卷 274-283页

作者： Do-young Park young-Tae Ahn Chul-Sung Huh robin A McGregor Myung-Sook Choi Korea Yakult Co. Ltd.YonginGyeonggi 449-901South Korea Department of Food Science and Nutrition Center for Food and Nutritional GenomicsKyungpook National UniversityDaegu 702-701South Korea

AIM:To investigate the effect of novel probiotics on the clinical characteristics of high-fructose induced metabolic ***:Male Wistar rats aged 4 wk were fed a 70% w/w high-fructose diet(n = 27) or chow diet(n = 9) for 3 wk to induce metabolic syndrome,the rats were then randomized into groups and administered probiotic [Lactobacillus curvatus(***) HY7601 and Lactobacillus plantarum(***) KY1032] at 109 cfu/d or 1010 cfu/d or placebo by oral gavage for 3 *** intake and body weight were measured once a *** 6 wk,the rats were fasted for 12 h,then anesthetized with diethyl ether and *** samples were taken from the inferior vena cava for plasma analysis of glucose,insulin,C-peptide,totalcholesterol,triglycerides and thiobarbituric acid-reacting ***-time polymerase chain reaction was performed using mouse-specific Taqman probe sets to assess genes related to fatty acid β-oxidation,lipogenesis and cholesterol metabolism in the *** gene expression was normalized to the housekeeping gene,glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate ***:Rodents fed a high-fructose diet developed clinical characteristics of the metabolic syndrome including increased plasma glucose,insulin,triglycerides,total cholesterol and oxidative stress levels,as well as increased liver mass and liver lipids compared to chow fed *** treatment(*** HY7601 and *** KY1032) at high(1010 cfu/d) or low dosage(109 cfu/d) lowered plasma glucose,insulin,triglycerides and oxidative stress *** high-dose probiotic treatment reduced liver mass and liver *** treatment reduced lipogenesis via downregulation of SREBP1,FAS and SCD1 mRNA levels and increased β-oxidation via up-regulation of PPARα and CPT2 mRNA ***:Probiotic *** HY7601 and *** KY1032 combined suppressed the clinical characteristics of high-fructose-induced metabolic syndrome,therefore,may provide a natura

关键词： Dyslipidemia Fasting glucose Gut microbiota High-fructose diet Inflammation Insulin resistance Lactobacillus Metabolic syndrome Oxidative stress Probiotic

Impact on dietary intake of a self-directed, gender-tailored diabetes prevention program in men

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World Journal of Diabetes 2017年第8期8卷 414-421页

作者： Megan E Rollo Elroy J Aguiar Kirrilly M Pursey Philip J Morgan Ronald C Plotnikoff Myles D young Clare E Collins robin Callister Priority Research Centre for Physical Activity and Nutrition School of Health Sciences Faculty of Health and Medicine University of Newcastle Callaghan Department of Kinesiology School of Public Health and Health Sciences University of Massachusetts Amherst Priority Research Centre for Physical Activity and Nutrition School of Education Faculty of Education and Arts University of Newcastle Priority Research Centre for Physical Activity and Nutrition School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy Faculty of Health and Medicine University of Newcastle

AIMTo investigate changes in dietary intake following a 6-mo randomised controlled trial of the self-directed, gender-tailored type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) Prevention Using LifeStyle Education (PULSE) program in men. METHODSMen aged 18-65 years, with a body mass index (BMI) 25-40 kg/m2, and at high risk for developing T2DM were recruited from the Hunter Region of New South Wales, Australia. Eligible participants were randomised into one of two groups: (1) waitlist control; or (2) PULSE intervention. Dietary intake was assessed at baseline and immediately post-program using the Australian Eating Survey food frequency questionnaire and diet quality measured using the Australian Recommended Food Score (ARFS). RESULTSOne hundred and one participants (n = 48, control; n = 53, intervention, mean age 52.3 ± 9.7 years, BMI of 32.6 ± 3.3 kg/m2) commenced the study. Following the active phase, differences between groups were observed for proportion of total energy consumed from healthful (core) foods (+7.6%EI, P < 0.001), energy-dense, nutrient-poor foods (-7.6%EI, P < 0.001), sodium (-369 mg, P = 0.047), and diet quality (ARFS) (+4.3, P = 0.004), including sub-scales for fruit (+1.1, P = 0.03), meat (+0.9, P = 0.004) and non-meat protein (+0.5, P = 0.03). CONCLUSIONThe PULSE prevention program’s nutrition messages led to significant improvements in dietary intake in men at risk of T2DM.

关键词： Dietary intake Diet quality Men Diabetes prevention program Self-directed

The dynamics of the piglet gut microbiome during the weaning transition in association with health and nutrition

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2018年第4期9卷 971-979页

作者： robin B.Guevarra Sang Hyun Hong Jin Ho Cho Bo-Ra Kim Jiwon Shin Jun Hyung Lee Bit Na Kang young Hwa Kim Suphot Wattanaphansak Richard E.Isaacson Minho Song Hyeun Bum Kim Department of Animal Resources Science Dankook UniversityCheonanSouth Korea Division of Food and Animal Sciences Chungbuk National UniversityCheongjuSouth Korea Abbvie Bioresearch Center AbbvieWorcesterMAUSA National Institute of Animal Science Rural Development AdministrationWanjuSouth Korea Department of Veterinary Medicine Faculty of Veterinary ScienceChulalongkorn UniversityPathum WanBangkok 10330Thailand Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences University of MinnesotaSt.PaulMN 55108USA Division of Animal and Dairy Science Chungnam National UniversityDaejeonSouth Korea

Background: Understanding the composition of the microbial community and its functional capacity during weaning is important for pig production as bacteria play important roles in the pig’s health and growth performance. However,limited information is available regarding the composition and function of the gut microbiome of piglets in ***, we performed 16 S rRNA gene and whole metagenome shotgun sequencing of DNA from fecal samples from healthy piglets during weaning to measure microbiome shifts, and to identify the potential contribution of the early-life microbiota in shaping piglet health with a focus on microbial stress responses, carbohydrate and amino acid ***: The analysis of 16 S rR NA genes and whole metagenome shotgun sequencing revealed significant compositional and functional differences between the fecal microbiome in nursing and weaned piglets. The fecal microbiome of the nursing piglets showed higher relative abundance of bacteria in the genus Bacteroides with abundant gene families related to the utilization of lactose and galactose. Prevotel a and Lactobacil us were enriched in weaned piglets with an enrichment for the gene families associated with carbohydrate and amino acid metabolism. In addition, an analysis of the functional capacity of the fecal microbiome showed higher abundances of genes associated with heat shock and oxidative stress in the metagenome of weaned piglets compared to nursing ***: Overal, our data show that microbial shifts and changes in functional capacities of the piglet fecal microbiome resulted in potential reductions in the effects of stress, including dietary changes that occur during *** results provide us with new insights into the piglet gut microbiome that contributes to the growth of the animal.

关键词： Metagenomics Microbiome Piglets 16S rRNA Weaning

Carbene-catalyzed enantioselective seleno-Michael addition as access to antimicrobial active Se-containing heterocycles

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Science China Chemistry 2024年第7期67卷 2199-2205页

作者： Hongyan Long Sha Zhao Chunyan Jian Xiuli Wu Fengfei Lu Minghong Liao Fengrui Che Xingxing Wu Yonggui robin Chi State Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural BioengineeringMinistry of EducationGuizhou UniversityGuiyang 550025China School of Chemistry Chemical Engineeringand BiotechnologyNanyang Technological UniversitySingapore 637371Singapore

Organoseleniums exhibit a diverse set of biological activities that are pivotal for drug discovery and are widely explored in synthetic chemistry and material *** many transformations have been developed for non-enantioselective C–Se bond formations,the catalyst-controlled stereoselective preparation of chiral organoseleniums continues to be of considerable *** particular,there are limited studies on the enantioselective seleno-Michael addition reactions to access chiral selenium functional ***,we disclose a carbene-catalyzed highly enantioselective nucleophilic C–Se bond construction through formal[3+3]annulations between selenocarboxamides and bromoenals,affording seleno-thiazinone products with good yields and excellent *** choice of a weak inorganic base was pivotal to suppressing the unproductive racemization and decomposition of the selenium ***,the catalytically generated chiral selenium-containing heterocyclic products feature remarkable antimicrobial activities that could serve as promising lead scaffolds for further agrochemical development.

关键词： seleno-Michael addition organocatalysis N-heterocyclic carbene seleno-heterocycles antimicrobial activity

Enones from aldehydes and alkenes by carbene-catalyzed dehydrogenative couplings

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2024年第9期35卷 150-154页

作者： Kun Tang Fen Su Shijie Pan Fengfei Lu Zhongfu Luo Fengrui Che Xingxing Wu Yonggui robin Chi National Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural BioengineeringMinistry of EducationGuizhou UniversityHuaxi DistrictGuiyang 550025China School of chemistry Chemical Engineeringand BiotechnologyNanyang Technological UniversitySingapore 637371Singapore

Enones are widely explored in synthetic chemistry as fundamental building blocks for a wide range of reactions and exhibit intriguing biological activities that are pivotal for drug *** development of synthetic strategies for highly efficient preparation of enones thereby receives intense attention,in particular through the transition metal-catalyzed coupling ***,we describe a carbene-catalyzed cross dehydrogenative coupling(CDC)reaction that enables effective assembly of simple aldehydes and alkenes to afford a diverse set of enone ***,the in situ generated aryl radical is pivotal to“activate”the alkene by forming an allyl radical through intermolecular hydrogen atom transfer(HAT)pathway and thus forging the carbon-carbon bond formation with aldehyde as the acyl ***,our method represents the first example on the enone synthesis through coupling of“non-functionalized”aldehydes and alkenes as coupling partners,and offers a distinct organocatalytic pathway to the transition metal-catalyzed coupling transformations.

关键词： Enones Cross dehydrogenative coupling N-Heterocyclic carbene Aryl radical Hydrogen atom transfer

GRAFFITI and STREET aRT

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英语沙龙（高中） 2014年第5期 26-27页

作者： robin Newton

他山之石，可以攻玉。透过“海外生活”这扇窗，可以看到海外同龄人的生活；学习英语的过程中遇到的困惑，且看外教有什么妙招。本栏目部分内容与权威机构英国大使馆文化教育处等合作开办。

关键词：英语学习学习方法阅读知识阅读材料

Study on the quality of life and its related factors for older adults in communities in Beijing,China

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Frontiers of Nursing 2021年第2期8卷 121-128页

作者： Yu Liu robin Whittemore Hong Guo Yan Chen Wei Zhang Qiao He School of Nursing Beijing University of Chinese MedicineBeijing 100029China School of Nursing Yale UniversityNew HavenCT 06520USA Rehabilitation Department Zhejiang Provincial People’s HospitalHangzhouZhejiang 310014China

Objectives:To describe the quality of life(QOL)of adults≥60 years of age in communities in Beijing and explore demographic,clinical,and psychological factors associated with ***:This was a cross-sectional study.A total of 363 older adults were recruited,in which 313 completed the *** symptoms were measured with the Self-Rating Depression Scale(SDS)and QOL was analyzed with the 36-item short form(SF-36).The t-test and Mann-Whitney U tests were used to compare QOL by gender and age *** associated with QOL were determined using multiple linear ***:Among 313 older adults,depressive symptoms were observed to be prevalent to the extent of 16.6%.Overall,participants had higher QOL in the domains of social role functioning and emotional role functioning,with lower QOL in the domains of physical functioning and general health *** were no significant differences in QOL between women and ***,there were significant differences between different age groups,with older adults having better mental QOL than younger *** physical QOL was associated with less depressive symptoms,having a partner,and younger age(R2=28.7%).Better mental QOL was associated with less depressive symptoms,less chronic disease,and older age(R^(2)=34.7%).Conclusions:With aging,physical QOL was lower and mental QOL was *** depressive symptoms,having a spouse or partner,and young-old age assert positive influence on physical QOL of the older adults;and less depressive symptoms,no chronic disease,and older age assert positive influence on mental QOL.

关键词： community depressive symptoms older adults quality of life

Analyzing and Enabling the Harmonious Coexistence of Heterogeneous Industrial Wireless Networks

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2022年第10期73卷 1671-1690页

作者： Bilal Khan Danish Shehzad Numan Shafi Ga-young Kim Muhammad Umar Aftab Department of Computer Science National University of Computer and Emerging SciencesIslamabadChiniot-Faisalabad CampusChiniot35400Pakistan Faculty of General Education Kangnam UniversityKorea

Nowadays multiple wireless communication systems operate in industrial environments side by *** such an environment performance of one wireless network can be degraded by the collocated hostile wireless network having higher transmission power or higher carrier sensing *** the previous research works which considered IEEE 802.15.4 for the Industrial Wireless communication systems(iWCS)this paper examines the coexistence of IEEE 802.11 based iWCS used for delay-stringent communication in process automation and gWLAN(general-purpose WLAN)used for non-real time *** this paper,we present a Markov chain-based performance model that described the transmission failure of iWCS due to geographical collision with *** presented analytic model accurately determines throughput,packet transaction delay,and packet loss probability of iWCS when it is collocated with *** results of the Markov model match more than 90%with our simulation ***,we proposed an adaptive transmission power control technique for iWCS to overcome the potential interferences caused by the gWLAN *** simulation results show that the proposed technique significantly improves iWCS performance in terms of throughput,packet transaction,and cycle period ***,it enables the industrial network for the use of delay critical applications in the presence of gWLAN without affecting its performance.

关键词： Round robin distributed coordination function interference csma ieee 802.11 factory automation process automation