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Evaluating Potential Vaccine Antigens in both the Chlam.dia trachom.tisand Chlam.dia m.ridarum.lt;/i>Intravaginal m.use Challenge m.dels

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World Journal of Vaccines 2019年第2期9卷 49-69页

作者： robin m. kaufhold m.lissa A. Boddicker Jodie A. Field Bob J. Lucas Joseph m. Antonello Am. S. Espeseth Julie m. Skinner Jon H. Heinrichs Jeffrey G. Sm.th Departm.nt of Infectious Diseases/Vaccines MRL (West Point PA) Merck & Co. Inc. Kenilworth NJ USA Present Address Teva Pharmaceuticals West Chester Pennsylvania USA Departm.nt of Biom.trics Research MRL (West Point PA) Merck & Co. Inc. Kenilworth NJ USA Present Address Sanofi Pasteur Swiftwater Pennsylvania USA Present Address Moderna Therapeutics Cambridge Massachusetts USA

Identifying relevant anim.l challenge m.dels adds to the com.lexity of hum.n vaccine developm.nt. m.rine challenge m.dels have been the m.st utilized anim.l m.del for Chlam.dia trachom.tis vaccine developm.nt. The question arises as to whether the C. trachom.tis or C. m.ridarum.pre-clinical m.del is optim.l. We com.ared C. m.ridarum.and C. trachom.tis intravaginal challenge m.dels in a com.ined total of seventy-five studies evaluating potential vaccine candidates. In 100% (42/42) of C. m.ridarum.studies, m.ce im.unized with Chlam.dia elem.ntary bodies (EB) dem.nstrated a significant reduction in urogenital bacterial shedding as m.asured by qPCR (p C. trachom.tis studies. We have evaluated proposed vaccine antigens in both m.dels and observed im.unization with Chlam.dia m.jor outer m.m.rane protein (m.m.) vaccine form.lations to be protective (p C. trachom.tis m.del, and im.unization with Pm.D p82 translocator dom.in was not protective in either m.del. We also observed in both m.dels that depletion of CD4+ T-cells in m.m.-im.unized m.ce resulted in dim.nished protective im.unity but anim.ls were still able to reduce the infection level. In contrast, m.ce im.unized with live EBs by intraperitoneal route did not require CD4+ T-cells to resolve urogenital infection from.intravaginal challenge in either m.del. Overall, we have found the C. m.ridarum.m.del to be a m.re robust, reliable, and reproducible m.del for vaccine antigen discovery.

关键词： Chlam.dia m.use Challenge m.del Intravaginal Challenge Sexually Transm.tted Diseases

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A Novel LNP-Based Chlam.diaSubunit Vaccine Form.lation That Induces Th1 Responses without Upregulating IL-17 Provides Equivalent Protection in m.ce as Form.lations That Induced IL-17 and Th1 Cytokines

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World Journal of Vaccines 2020年第4期10卷 55-75页

作者： m.lissa A. Boddicker robin m. kaufhold Kara S. Cox Bob J. Lucas Jinfu Xie Deborah D. Nahas Sinoeun Touch Am. S. Espeseth Kalpit A. Vora Julie m. Skinner Departm.nt of Infectious Diseases/Vaccines Merck & Co. Inc. West Point PA USA

We evaluated novel Chlam.dial vaccines, consisting of m.jor outer m.m.rane protein (m.m.) alone or in com.ination with polym.rphic m.m.rane proteins D (Pm.D) and G (Pm.G) using a C57BL/6 m.use m.del. Native m.m. (nm.m.) isolated from.m.Cm.. m.m.ridarum./em. elem.ntary bodies (EBs) and recom.inant Pm.D and Pm.G proteins were adjuvanted with m.nophosphoryl lipid A (m.LA), with either lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) or the cationic lipid dim.thyldioctadecylam.onium.brom.de (DDA). Antibody titers to m.Cm.. m.m.ridarum./em. nm.m., and EBs were evaluated by ELISA, and T-cell responses were analyzed by intracellular cytokine staining (ICS). Protection from.challenge was determ.ned by qPCR. Vaccine im.unized m.ce showed significantly higher antibody titers to nm.m. (P m.Cm.. m.m.ridarum./em. EBs (P m.ared to the adjuvant alone group. Antibody titers in vaccine groups with m.nophosphoryl lipid A (m.LA) + LNP were higher as com.ared to the m.LA + DDA group (P m.nm.m. + Pm.G + Pm.D p73 + Pm.D p82 + m.LA + DDA) vs (Cm.nm.m. + Pm.G + Pm.D p73 + Pm.D p82 + m.LA + LNP) for both m.Cm.. m.m.ridarum./em. EBs and Pm.G. ICS analysis showed m.re robust CD4 + T-cell responses (IFN-m.γm./IL-2/TNF-a) in the DDA and LNP groups com.ared to the adjuvant alone group. The DDA + m.LA gave robust Th17 responses in com.arison to m.LA and LNP group. m.ce im.unized with m.Chlam.diam. antigens also showed protection from.m.Cm.. m.m.ridarum./em. challenge, by reduction in bacterial shedding for all groups (P m.ared to shedding from.the adjuvant control. Both vaccine form.lations generated robust im.unological responses, and both were protective by reducing bacterial shedding after challenge. This data indicates equal protection can be achieved without the induction of Th17 responses.

关键词： LNP Chlam.dia IL-17 m.use m.del Th1 Cytokines

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Chalcogenide Ovonic Threshold Switching Selector

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Nano-m.cro Letters 2024年第5期16卷 1-40页

作者： Zihao Zhao Sergiu Clim. Daniele Garbin robin Degraeve Geoffrey Pourtois Zhitang Song m.n Zhu National Key Laboratory of m.terials for Integrated Circuits Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 200050People’s Republic of China University of Chinese Academ. of Sciences Beijing 100029People’s Republic of China Im.C Kapedreef 75LeuvenBelgium

Today’s explosion of data urgently requires m.m.ry technologies capable of storing large volum.s of data in shorter tim. fram.s,a feat unattain-able with Flash or *** Optane,com.only referred to as three-dim.nsional phase change m.m.ry,stands out as one of the m.st prom.sing *** Optane with cross-point architecture is constructed through layering a storage elem.nt and a selector known as the ovonic threshold switch(OTS).The OTS device,which em.loys chalcogenide film.has thereby gathered increased attention in recent *** this paper,we begin by providing a brief introduction to the discovery process of the OTS ***,we sum.arize the key elec-trical param.ters of OTS devices and delve into recent explorations of OTS m.terials,which are categorized as Se-based,Te-based,and S-based m.terial ***,we discuss various m.dels for the OTS switching m.chanism.including field-induced nucleation m.del,as well as several carrier injection ***,we review the progress and innovations in OTS m.chanism.***,we highlight the successful application of OTS devices in three-dim.nsional high-density m.m.ry and offer insights into their prom.sing perform.nce and extensive prospects in em.rging applications,such as self-selecting m.m.ry and neurom.rphic com.uting.

关键词： Non-volatile m.m.ry Ovonic threshold switch(OTS) Chalcogenide Selector

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2023: Weather and Clim.te Extrem.s Hitting the Globe with Em.rging Features

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Advances in Atm.spheric Sciences 2024年第6期41卷 1001-1016页

作者： Wenxia ZHANG robin CLARK Tianjun ZHOU Laurent LI Chao LI Juan RIVERA Lixia ZHANG Kexin GUI Tingyu ZHANG Lan LI Rongyun PAN Yongjun CHEN Shijie TANG Xin HUANG Shuai HU State Key Laboratory of Num.rical m.deling for Atm.spheric Sciences and Geophysical Fluid Dynam.cs Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China m.t Office Hadley Centre Exeter EX13PBUK University of Chinese Academ. of Sciences Beijing 100049China Laboratoire de m.téorologie Dynam.que CNRSSorbonne UniversitéEcole Normale SupérieureEcole PolytechniqueParis 75230France m.x Planck Institute for m.teorology Hamburg 20146Germany Instituto Argentino de Nivología Glaciología Y Ciencias Ambientales(IANIGLA)CCT CONICETMendoza CP 5500Argentina Shanghai Typhoon Institute China Meteorological AdministrationShanghai 200030China Asia-Pacific Typhoon Collaborative Research Center Shanghai 201306China

Globally,2023 was the warm.st observed year on record since at least 1850 and,according to proxy evidence,possibly of the past 100000 *** in recent years,the record warm.h has again been accom.anied with yet m.re extrem. weather and clim.te events throughout the ***,we provide an overview of those of 2023,with details and key background causes to help build upon our understanding of the roles of internal clim.te variability and anthropogenic clim.te *** also highlight em.rging features associated with som. of these extrem. *** extrem.s are occurring earlier in the year,and increasingly sim.ltaneously in differing parts of the world(e.g.,the concurrent hot extrem.s in the Northern Hem.sphere in July 2023).Intense cyclones are exacerbating precipitation extrem.s(e.g.,the North China flooding in July and the Libya flooding in Septem.er).Droughts in som. regions(e.g.,California and the Horn of Africa)have transitioned into flood *** extrem.s also show increasing interactions with ecosystem. via wildfires(e.g.,those in Hawaii in August and in Canada from.spring to autum. 2023)and sandstorm.(e.g.,those in m.ngolia in April 2023).Finally,we also consider the challenges to research that these em.rging characteristics present for the strategy and practice of adaptation.

关键词： weather and clim.te extrem.s tem.erature extrem.s extrem. precipitation drought wildfires

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你真的像你想象的那样擅长某件事吗？（英文）

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英语画刊(高中版) 2024年第6期 3-5页

作者： robin Kram.r

自信就等于能力吗？不完全是。在一个能让你更好认识自己的演讲中，实验心理学家罗宾·克雷默深入研究了邓宁-克鲁格效应（Dunning-Kruger effect），该效应认为那些能力最差的人往往最高估自己的技能。I don’t m.an to brag, but ther...

自信就等于能力吗？不完全是。在一个能让你更好认识自己的演讲中，实验心理学家罗宾·克雷默深入研究了邓宁-克鲁格效应（Dunning-Kruger effect），该效应认为那些能力最差的人往往最高估自己的技能。I don’t m.an to brag, but there are lots of things that I’m.pretty average at. From.playing table tennis, cooking risotto, finding countries on a m.p, just to nam. a few. Now, in our everyday lives, we’re not typically assessed on our skills and abilities, so we’re forced to rely on our own judgm.nts.

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Staging the axilla in wom.n with breast cancer: the utility of preoperative ultrasound-guided needle biopsy

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Cancer Biology & m.dicine 2014年第2期11卷 69-77页

作者： Nehm.t Houssam. robin m. Turner Screening and Test Evaluation Program.(STEP) School of Public Health Sydney Medical School University of Sydney

Preoperative staging of the axilla in wom.n with invasive breast cancer using ultrasound-guided needle biopsy(UNB) identifies approxim.tely 50% of patients with axillary nodal m.tastases prior to surgical intervention. Although m.derately sensitive, it is a highly specific staging strategy that is rarely falsely-positive, hence a positive UNB allows patients to be triaged to axillary lym.h-node dissection(ALND) avoiding potentially unnecessary sentinel node biopsy(SNB). In this review, we extend our previous work through an updated literature search, focusing on studies that report data on UNB utility. Based on data for 10,934 breast cancer patients, sourced from.35 studies, a positive UNB allowed triage of 1,745 cases(sim.le proportion 16%) to axillary surgical treatm.nt: the utility of UNB was a m.dian 19.8% [interquartile range(IQR) 11.6%-26.7%] across these studies. We also m.delled data from.a subgroup of studies, and estim.ted that am.ngst patients with m.tastases to axillary nodes, the odds ratio(OR) for high nodal disease burden for a positive UNB versus a negative UNB was 4.38 [95% confidence interval(95% CI): 3.13, 6.13], Pm.this m.del, the estim.ted proportion with high nodal disease burden was 58.9%(95% CI: 50.2%, 67.0%) for a positive UNB, whereas the estim.ted proportion with high nodal disease burden was 24.6%(95% CI: 17.7%, 33.2%) if UNB was negative. Overall, axillary UNB has good clinical utility and a positive UNB can effectively triage to ALND. However, the evolving landscape of axillary surgical treatm.nt m.ans that UNB will have relatively less utility where surgeons have m.dified their practice to om.ssion of ALND for m.nim.l nodal m.tastatic disease.

关键词：乳腺癌活检引导超声穿刺女性淋巴结手术治疗

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Host-environm.nt m.sm.tches associated with subalpine fir decline in Colorado

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Journal of Forestry Research 2016年第5期27卷 1177-1189页

作者： robin m. Reich John E. Lundquist Kristina Hughes Colorado State University Fort Collins CO USA U.S. Forest Service Anchorage Anchorage AK 99501 USA

Subalpine fir decline （SFD） has killed m.re trees in Colorado＇s high elevation forests than any other insect or disease problem. The widespread nature of this disorder suggests that the cause involves clim.tic factors. We exam.ned the influence of varying com.inations of average annual tem.erature and precipitation on the incidence and distribution of SFD. Clim.tic transition m.trices generated in this study indicate that m.st healthy trees are found in clim.tic zones with m.derate to low tem.eratures and high precipitation; whereas, SFD occurs m.stly in zones of m.derate tem.eratures and m.derate precipitation. The contrasting distributions define an environm.ntal m.sm.tch. Forests m.tched with favorable clim.tic conditions thrive; those that are m.sm.tched can becom. vulnerable to decline disease.

关键词： Abiotic disorder Clim.te stress High elevation forests Forest disease - Subalpine fir

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Hyperspectral com.ressive wavefront sensing

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高功率激光科学与工程:英文版 2023年第3期11卷 1-7页

作者： Sunny Howard Jannik Esslinger robin HWWang Peter Norreys Andreas Döpp Departm.nt of Physics Clarendon LaboratoryUniversity of OxfordOxfordUK Centre for Advanced Laser Applications Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität MünchenGarchingGermany John Adam. Institute for Accelerator Science OxfordUK

Presented is a novel way to com.ine snapshot com.ressive im.ging and lateral shearing interferom.try in order to capture the spatio-spectral phase of an ultrashort laser pulse in a single shot.A deep unrolling algorithm.is utilized for snapshot com.ressive im.ging reconstruction due to its param.ter efficiency and superior speed relative to other m.thods,potentially allowing for online *** algorithm.s regularization term.is represented using a neural network with 3D convolutional layers to exploit the spatio-spectral correlations that exist in laser *** sensing is not typically applied to m.dulated signals,but we dem.nstrate its success ***,we train a neural network to predict the wavefronts from.a lateral shearing interferogram.in term. of Zernike polynom.als,which again increases the speed of our technique without sacrificing *** m.thod is supported with sim.lation-based *** applied to the exam.le of lateral shearing interferom.try,the m.thods presented here are generally applicable to a wide range of signals,including Shack-Hartm.nn-type *** results m.y be of interest beyond the context of laser wavefront characterization,including within quantitative phase im.ging.

关键词： artificial neural networks com.ressed sensing high-power laser characterization wavefront m.asurem.nt

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Heat and drought im.act on carbon exchange in an age-sequence of tem.erate pine forests

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Ecological Processes 2022年第1期11卷 108-125页

作者： m.Altaf Arain Bing Xu Jason J.Brodeur m.roslava Khom.k m.tthias Peichl Eric Beam.sderfer Natalia Restrepo‑Couple robin Thorne School of Earth Environment and Society and McMaster Centre for Climate ChangeMcMaster University1280 Main Street WestHamiltonON L8S 4K1Canada Departm.nt of Biological Sciences University of CalgaryAlbertaCanada Departm.nt of Geography and Environm.ntal m.nagem.nt University of WaterlooWaterlooONCanada Departm.nt of Forest Ecology and m.nagem.nt Swedish University of Agricultural SciencesUmeåSweden School of Inform.tics Computingand Cyber SystemsNorthern Arizona UniversityFlagstaffAZUSA Departm.nt of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology University of ArizonaTucsonAZUSA Departm.nt of Geography Wilfrid Laurier UniversityWaterlooONCanada

Background:m.st North Am.rican tem.erate forests are plantation or regrowth forests,which are actively *** forests are in different stages of their growth cycles and their ability to sequester atm.spheric carbon is affected by extrem. weather *** this study,the im.act of heat and drought events on carbon sequestration in an age‑sequence(80,45,and 17 years as of 2019)of eastern white pine(Pinus strobus L.)forests in southern Ontario,Canada was exam.ned using eddy covariance flux m.asurem.nts from.2003 to ***:Over the 17‑year study period,the m.an annual values of net ecosystem.productivity(NEP)were 180±96,538±177 and 64±165 g C m.(–2)yr^(–1)in the 80‑,45‑and 17‑year‑old stands,respectively,with the highest annual carbon sequestration rate observed in the 45‑year‑old *** found that air tem.erature(Ta)was the dom.nant control on NEP in all three different‑aged stands and drought,which was a lim.ting factor for both gross ecosystem.productivity(GEP)and ecosystem. respiration(RE),had a sm.ller im.act on ***,the sim.ltaneous occurrence of heat and drought events during the early growing seasons or over the consecutive years had a significant negative im.act on annual NEP in all three *** observed a sim.lar trend of NEP decline in all three stands over three consecutive years that experienced extrem. weather events,with 2016 being a hot and dry,2017 being a dry,and 2018 being a hot *** youngest stand becam. a net source of carbon for all three of these years and the oldest stand becam. a sm.ll source of carbon for the first tim. in 2018 since observations started in ***,in 2019,all three stands reverted to annual net carbon ***:Our study results indicate that the tim.ng,frequency and concurrent or consecutive occurrence of extrem. weather events m.y have significant im.lications for carbon sequestration in tem.erate conifer forests in Eastern North *** study is one of few globally available t

关键词： Carbon fluxes Net ecosystem.productivity Ecosystem.respiration Extrem. weather events Drought Tem.erate forest White pine Eddy covariance

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On the Vortex Sheets of Com.ressible Flows

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Com.unications on Applied m.them.tics and Com.utation 2023年第3期5卷 967-986页

作者： robin m.ng Chen Feim.n Huang Dehua Wang Difan Yuan Departm.nt of m.them.tics University of PittsburghPittsburghPA 15260USA School of m.them.tical Sciences University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China Institute of Applied m.them.tics Academy of Mathematics and Systems ScienceChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China School of m.them.tical Sciences Beijing Normal University and Laboratory of Mathematics and Complex SystemsMinistry of EducationBeijing 100875China

This paper provides a review of the recent results on the stability of vortex sheets in com.ressible *** sheets are contact discontinuities of the underlying *** vortex sheet problem.is a free boundary problem.with a characteristic boundary and is challenging in *** form.lation of the vortex sheet problem.will be *** linear stability and nonlinear stability for both the two-dim.nsional two-phase com.ressible flows and the two-dim.nsional elastic flows are *** linear stability of vortex sheets for the three-dim.nsional elastic flows is also *** difficulties of the vortex sheet problem. and the ideas of proofs are discussed.

关键词： Vortex sheets Contact discontinuities Stability and instability Loss of derivatives Two-phase flows Elastic flows

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