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Geographical inhomogeneity and temporal variability of mixing property and driving mechanism in the Arctic Ocean

Journal of Oceanology and Limnology 2022年第3期40卷 846-869页

作者： Jia YOU Zhenhua XU robin ROBERTSON Qun LI Baoshu YIN CAS Key Laboratory of Ocean Circulation and Waves Institute of OceanologyChinese Academy of SciencesQingdao 266071China Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology(Qingdao) Qingdao 266237China Center for Ocean Mega-Science Chinese Academy of SciencesQingdao 266071China College of Earth and Planetary Sciences University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China CAS Engineering Laboratory for Marine Ranching Institute of OceanologyChinese Academy of SciencesQingdao 266071China China-Asean College of Marine Science Xiamen University MalaysiaSepang 43900Malaysia MNR Key Laboratory for Polar Science Polar Research Institute of ChinaShanghai 200120China

Upper ocean mixing plays a key role in the atmosphere-ocean heat transfer and sea ice extent and thickness via modulating the upper ocean temperatures in the Arctic *** of diffusivities in the Arctic that directly indicate the ocean mixing properties are ***,the spatiotemporal pattern and magnitude of diapycnal diffusivities and kinetic energy dissipation rates in the upper Arctic Ocean are important for atmosphere-ocean heat transfers and sea ice *** were first estimated from the Ice-Tethered Profilers dataset(2005–2019)using a strain-based fine-scale *** resultant mixing properties showed signifi cant geographical inhomogeneity and temporal *** diff usivities and dissipation rates in the Atlantic sector of the Arctic Ocean were stronger than those on the Pacific *** in the Atlantic sector increased significantly during the observation period;whereas in the Pacific sector,it weakened before 2011 and then *** impact factors include wind,sea ice,near inertial waves,and stratifi cation,while their relative contributions vary between the two sectors of the Arctic *** the Atlantic sector,turbulent mixing dominated,while in the Pacific sector,turbulent mixing was inhibited by strong stratification prior to 2011,and is able to overcome the stratifi cation gradually after *** vertical turbulent heat fl ux constantly increased in the Atlantic sector year by year,while it decreased in the Pacific sector post *** estimated heat flux variability induced by enhanced turbulent mixing is expected to continue to diminish sea ice in the near future.

关键词： mixing the Arctic Ocean near-inertial waves stratification heat flux

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The positive and negative emotion functions related to loneliness:a systematic review of behavioural and neuroimaging studies

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Psychoradiology 2023年第1期3卷 118-134页

作者： Qianyi Luo robin Shao Department of Clinical Psychology The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical UniversityGuangzhou 510370P.R.China Key Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Channelopathies of Guangdong Province and the Ministry of Education of China Guangzhou Medical UniversityGuangzhou 511436P.R.China Department of Affective Disorder The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical UniversityGuangzhou 511370P.R.China

Loneliness is associated with high prevalences of major psychiatric illnesses such as major ***,the underlying emotional mechanisms of loneliness remained *** hypothesized that loneliness originates from both decreases in positive emotional processing and increases in negative emotion *** test this,we conducted a systematic review of 29 previous studies(total participants n=19560,mean age=37.16 years,female proportion=59.7%),including 18 studies that included ques-tionnaire measures of emotions only,and 11 studies that examined the brain correlates of *** main findings were that loneliness was negatively correlated with general positive emotions and positively correlated with general negative ***-thermore,limited evidence indicates loneliness exhibited negative and positive correlations with the brain positive(*** striatum)and negative(***)emotion systems,respectively,but the sign of correlation was not entirely ***,loneli-ness was associated with the structure and function of the brain emotion regulation systems,particularly the prefrontal cortex,but the direction of this relationship remained *** concluded that the existing evidence supported a bivalence model of lone-liness,but several critical gaps existed that could be addressed by future studies that include adolescent and middle-aged samples,use both questionnaire and task measures of emotions,distinguish between general emotion and social emotion as well as between positive and negative emotion regulation,and adopt a longitudinal design that allows us to ascertain the causal relationships between loneliness and emotion *** findings provide new insights into the underlying emotion mechanisms of loneliness that can inform interventions for lonely individuals.

关键词： loneliness positive emotion negative emotion emotion regulation social emotion striatum prefrontal cortex

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Ergodic switching control for diffusion-type processes

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Probability, Uncertainty and Quantitative Risk 2023年第1期8卷 53-74页

作者： Jose-Luis Menaldi Maurice robin Department of Mathematics Wayne State UniversityDetroitMI 48202USA Fondation Campus Paris-Saclay 91190 Saint-AubinFrance

We consider the control of the diserete component n_(t)of a owitching Markov proceaa x_(t)=(z_(t),n_(t))when there ia a running cost and an immediate coat c(i,j)for owitching n_(t)from i to *** satudy the minimization of the ergodic(or long-term average)total ***,this paper trento the cnce where,for n_(t)=n fixed,z_(t)ia a reflected diffusion or a reflected diffusion with jumps,nt being,for fixed z,a continuous-time Markov *** the vanishing discount appronch,we exctend existing reoulta dealing with the situation where nt evolvea only by the switching control action and the diffusion is ***,we solve the ergodic problem for a claso of diffusiono which can be degenerate and for an example with aboorbing atate.

关键词： Markov–Feller processes Information constraints Switching control Impulse control Control by interventions Ergodic control

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遍布火山的卫星

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环球科学 2024年第3期 12-14页

作者：罗宾·乔治·安德鲁斯巢栩嘉(译) 不详

关于木卫一(lo),科学家可以肯定两件事情。一是,木星的这颗卫星是目前宇宙中已知的火山最多的天体。它的地表布满了大量火山口,这些火山口不断地喷出熔岩,就像一个在烤箱里烘烤过的奶酪披萨.

关键词：火山口木星木卫一宇宙天体熔岩

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On the Vortex Sheets of Compressible Flows

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Communications on Applied Mathematics and Computation 2023年第3期5卷 967-986页

作者： robin Ming Chen Feimin Huang Dehua Wang Difan Yuan Department of Mathematics University of PittsburghPittsburghPA 15260USA School of Mathematical Sciences University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China Institute of Applied Mathematics Academy of Mathematics and Systems ScienceChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China School of Mathematical Sciences Beijing Normal University and Laboratory of Mathematics and Complex SystemsMinistry of EducationBeijing 100875China

This paper provides a review of the recent results on the stability of vortex sheets in compressible *** sheets are contact discontinuities of the underlying *** vortex sheet problem is a free boundary problem with a characteristic boundary and is challenging in *** formulation of the vortex sheet problem will be *** linear stability and nonlinear stability for both the two-dimensional two-phase compressible flows and the two-dimensional elastic flows are *** linear stability of vortex sheets for the three-dimensional elastic flows is also *** difficulties of the vortex sheet problems and the ideas of proofs are discussed.

关键词： Vortex sheets Contact discontinuities Stability and instability Loss of derivatives Two-phase flows Elastic flows

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Structural optimization of patient-specific temporomandibular joint replacement implants for additive manufacturing:novel metrics for safety evaluation and biomechanical performance

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Bio-Design and Manufacturing 2022年第2期5卷 333-347页

作者： Manuel Pinheiro Anouar Krairi robin Willaert Maria C.Costa Wim Van Paepegem Mechanics of Materials and Structures(MMS) Ghent UniversityGhentBelgium Materials Innovation Institute(M2i) DelftThe Netherlands Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery University Hospitals Leuven LeuvenBelgium 4 Department of Head and Neck SurgeryGhent University HospitalGhentBelgium

Total temporomandibular joint(TMJ)replacement is recommended only when there is irreversible damage to the joint and no conservative treatment can provide functional *** stock and custom-made TMJ implants have been made available;however,retrospective and comparative studies were unable to find significant differences between the two types of *** introduction of additive manufacturing(AM)techniques in medical practice allows for a greater freedom of design and a higher degree of device *** combination of AM with structural optimisation may streamline development and provide the key for fabricating biomechanic ally enhanced TMJ *** this study,structural optimis ation techniques were applied to develop and numerically validate a patient-specific TMJ *** biomechanical behaviour of each intermediate TMJ design was assessed under four different nominal and maximum biting tasks using finite element *** addition,a new set of metrics were proposed to compare each design regarding biomechanical performance and implant *** results suggest that 55-82%of the natural/intact strain patterns can be recovered with the finally selected TMJ *** represents an increase of 15%in biomechanical performance for incisor biting,15%for right molar biting,17%for left molar biting and a decrease of 2%for left group biting compared with the initial *** results also suggest that load transfer at the proximal ramus reduces the implant’s impact on the mandible’s strain ***,structural optimisation allows for a volume reduction of up to 44%with a minimum loss of implant safety and biomechanical performance.

关键词： Temporomandibular joint Additive manufacturing Implant safety Biomechanical performance Finite element analysis

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Understanding and Attribution of Extreme Heat and Drought Events in 2022: Current Situation and Future Challenges

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2023年第11期40卷 1941-1951页

作者： Lixia ZHANG Xiaojing YU Tianjun ZHOU Wenxia ZHANG Shuai HU robin CLARK State Key Laboratory of Numerical Modeling for Atmospheric Sciences and Geophysical Fluid Dynamics(LASG) Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China China Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters Nanjing University of Information Science and TechnologyNanjing 210044China Key Laboratory of Citie’s Mitigation and Adaptation to Climate Change in Shanghai China Meteorological AdministrationShanghai 200030 College of Geography and Remote Sensing Sciences Xinjiang UniversityUrumqi 830046China Met Office Hadley Centre ExeterEX13PBUK

Extreme weather events and their consequential impacts have been a key feature of the climate in recent years in many parts of the world,with many partly attributed to ongoing global-scale *** past year,2022,has been no exception,with further records being *** year was marked by unprecedented heatwaves and droughts with highly unusual spatial extent,duration and intensity,with one measure indicating an aggregated and overall intensity of extreme heat events worldwide not seen since at least *** extreme drought measured by surface soil moisture covered 47.3%of global land areas in 2022,which was the second most widespread year since ***,we examine notable events of the year in five major regions of the world:China’s Yangtze River region,western Europe,the western U.S.,the Horn of Africa and central South *** each event,we review the potential roles of circulation,oceanic forcing(especially the“triple-dip”La Niña)and anthropogenic climate change,with an aim of understanding the extreme events in 2022 from a global *** will serve as a reference for mechanism understanding,prediction and attribution of extreme events.

关键词： extreme event in 2022 heatwave drought detection and attribution

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Profiling elite male 100-m sprint performance:The role of maximum velocity and relative acceleration

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2022年第1期11卷 75-84页

作者： robin Healy Ian C.Kenny Andrew J.Harrison Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences University of LimerickV94 T9PXIreland Department of Sport and Health Sciences Athlone Institute of TechnologyN37 HD68Ireland Health Research Institute University of LimerickLimerickV94 T9PXIreland

Purpose:This study aimed to determine the accuracy of a 4 split time modelling method to generate velocity-time and velocity-distance variables in elite male 100-m sprinters and subsequently to assess the roles of key sprint parameters with respect to 100-m sprint ***,this study aimed to assess the differences between faster and slower sprinters in key sprint variables that have not been assessed in previous ***:Velocity-time and velocity-distance curves were generated using a mono-exponential function from 4 split times for 82 male sprinters during major athletics *** race variables-maximum velocity,the acceleration time constant(τ),and percentage of velocity lost(vLoss)-were derived for each *** were divided into tertiles,based on 100-m time,with the first and third tertiles considered to be the faster and slower groups,respectively,to facilitate further ***:Modelled split times and velocities displayed excellent accuracy and close agreement with raw measures(range of mean bias was-0.2%to 0.2%,and range of intraclass correlation coefficients(ICCs)was 0.935 to 0.999)except for 10-m time(mean bias was 1.6%±1.3%,and the ICC was 0.600).The 100-m sprint performance time and all 20-m split times had a significant near-perfect negative correlation with maximum velocity(r≥-0.90)except for the 0 to 20-m split time,where a significantly large negative correlation was found(r=-0.57).The faster group had a significantly higher maximum velocity andτ(p<0.001),and no significant difference was found for vLoss(p=0.085).Conclusion:Coaches and researchers are encouraged to utilize the 4 split time method proposed in the current study to assess several key race variables that describe a sprinter’s performance capacities,which can be subsequently used to further inform training.

关键词： Deceleration Modelling Race phases Reaction time Split times

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Effects of daughter tiller removal on shoot and root growth of the parent tiller in Lolium perenne

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Grassland Research 2022年第2期1卷 103-110页

作者： Arif Hasan Khan robin Cory Matthew The School of Agriculture and Environment College of SciencesMassey UniversityPalmerston NorthNew Zealand Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding Bangladesh Agricultural UniversityMymensinghBangladesh

Background:This study investigated the effects of daughter tiller removal on parent tiller development in Lolium ***:Plants of *** were grown hydroponically to allow separation of roots by phytomer position on the tiller axis and allowed to form two daughter *** Experiment 1,adult daughter tillers were excised and effects on subsequent main tiller growth were observed for 16 days,on *** Experiment 2,the growth of main tillers with or without daughter tillers was compared over 90–100 *** cultivars,‘Alto’bred from New Zealand germplasm and‘Aberdart’bred from United Kingdom germplasm were ***:Excision of adult daughter tillers reduced the dry weight of older roots at the base of parent tiller axes and accelerated new phytomer *** tillers from forming daughter tillers by new tiller excision resulted in increased individual leaf and root dry weight in tillers without daughter ***:The data indicated that daughter tillers contributed substrate for root development of their parent *** presence of daughter tillers reduced the size of their main tiller but greatly enhanced whole plant yield.

关键词： daughter tiller dry weight main tiller perennial ryegrass phytomer

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Piperazine:Its role in the discovery of pesticides

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中国化学快报:英文版 2023年第8期34卷 69-75页

作者： Wei Zhang Shengxin Guo Lijiao Yu Ya Wang Yonggui robin Chi Jian Wu National Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural BioengineeringMinistry of EducationGuizhou UniversityGuiyang 550025China Division of Chemistry&Biological Chemistry School of Physical&Mathematical SciencesNanyang Technological UniversitySingapore 637371Singapore

Derivatives of piperazine,which is one of the most important heterocycles,are often used as linkers to connect active substructures that show promising bioactivities,especially in the field of *** 2000 to 2022,many piperazine-containing compounds were found to exhibit excellent activities against fungi,bacteria,insects,plant viruses,and weeds and have also been used as plant growth ***,the development of novel pesticides to prevent the invasion of crop pathogens and ensure the quality and yields of crops is still *** herein investigated and summarized the role that piperazine plays in the discovery of pesticides to provide a comprehensive summary of the broad activities of piperazine derivatives in agricultural applications and offer a potential reference for novel pesticide design using piperazine-containing ***,structure–activity relationships(SARs)analyses of bioactive piperazine-containing compounds are also discussed for a deeper understanding.

关键词： Piperazine Innovation of pesticides Activity Research review Structure-activity relationship

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