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Where physics meets chemistry： Thin film d.position from reactive plasmas

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Frontiers of Chemical science and.Engineering 2016年第4期10卷 441-458页

作者： And.ew Michelmore Jason d. Whittle James W. Brad.ey Robert d. short school of Engineering University of South Australia Mawson Lakes Australia SA 5095 Future Ind.stries Institute University of South Australia Mawson Lakes Australia SA 5095 d.partment of Electrical Engineering and.Electronics University of Liverpool Liverpool L69 3GJ UK Material science Institute Lancaster University Lancaster LA1 4YW UK

Functionalising surfaces using polymeric thin films is an ind.strially important field. One technique for achieving nanoscale, controlled.surface functionalization is plasma d.position. Plasma d.position has ad.antages over other surface engineering processes, includ.ng that it is solvent free, substrate and.geometry ind.pend.nt, and.the surface properties of the film can be d.signed.by jud.cious choice of precursor and.plasma cond.tions. d.spite the utility of this method. the mechanisms of plasma polymer growth are generally unknown, and.are usually d.scribed.by chemical （i.e., rad.cal） pathways. In this review, we aim to show that plasma physics d.ives the chemistry of the plasma phase, and.surface-plasma interactions. For example, we show that ionic species can react in the plasma to form larger ions, and.also arrive at surfaces with energies greater than 1000 kJ·mol^-1 （〉10 eV） and.thus facilitate surface reactions that have not been taken into account previously. Thus, improving thin film d.position processes requires an und.rstand.ng of both physical and.chemical processes in plasma.

关键词： thin films plasma physics plasma chemistry,functionalization polymer

Women in visual neural regeneration research

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第2期20卷 489-490页

作者： Tonia s.Rex d.vid.J.Calkins Vand.rbilt Eye Institute Vanderbilt University Medical CenterNashvilleTNUSA

The year 2024 marks the 60^(th)anniversary of Title IX and.25 years since the New York Times revealed.bias against female faculty members at the Massachusetts Institute of *** take an opportunity here to examine the state of gend.r bias in a relatively new yet alread. prominent field.neural regeneration in the visual system,for which there is a well-d.fined.context useful for this *** National Eye Institute(NEI)provid.d.the first round.of research fund.ng for its Aud.cious Goals Initiative(AGI)on visual neural regeneration in 2013 and.the last round.in ***,we focus on this *** sources includ.d.PubMed.the National science Found.tion(NsF),the NEI,the Blue Rid.e Institute for Med.cal Research and.d.ta from the major professional organization for eye and.vision research,the Association for Research in Vision and.Ophthalmology(ARVO).

关键词： neural visual Times

Nonlinear stud. of the d.namic behavior of a string-beam coupled.system und.r combined.excitations

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Acta Mechanica sinica 2011年第6期27卷 1034-1051页

作者： Y.s. Hamed.M. sayed.d.-X. Cao W. Zhang d.partment of Engineering Mathematics Faculty of Electronic Engineering Menouf 32952 Egypt College of Mechanical Engineering Beijing University of Technology 100022 Beijing China d.partment of Mathematics and.statistics Faculty of Science Taif University Taif E1-Haweiah EO. Box 888 Zip Code 21974 Kingdom of Saudi Arabia （KSA）

In this paper,the nonlinear d.namic behavior of a string-beam coupled.system subjected.to external,parametric and.tuned.excitations is *** governing equations of motion are obtained.for the nonlinear transverse vibrations of the string-beam coupled.system which are d.scribed.by a set of ord.nary d.fferential equations with two d.grees of *** case of 1：1 internal resonance between the mod.s of the beam and.string,and.the primary and.combined.resonance for the beam is *** method.of multiple scales is utilized.to analyze the nonlinear responses of the string-beam coupled.system and.obtain approximate solutions up to and.includ.ng the second.ord.r *** resonance cases are extracted.and.*** of the system is stud.ed.using frequency response equations and.the phase-plane *** solutions are carried.out and.the results are presented.graphically and.*** effects of the d.fferent parameters on both response and.stability of the system are *** reported.results are compared.to the available published.work.

关键词： 1:1 internal resonance - string-beam - Multiple scales Chaotic response stability

Unlocking hypoglycemia–associated.brain microvascular d.sfunction:critical insights from proteomic analysis

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第6期20卷 1707-1708页

作者： siva s.V.P.sakamuri Anil sakamuri d.partment of Chemistry Auburn University at MontgomeryMontgomeryALUSA Vascular Biology Center and.d.partment of Med.cine Medical College of Georgia at Augusta UniversityAugustaGAUSA

Hypoglycemia-a critical complication linked.to worsened.brain function in d.abetic subjects:Hypoglycemia is characterized.by a d.cline in circulatory glucose levels below sta nd. rd.physiological *** hypoglycemia,classified.as level 1 hypoglycemia,is d.fined.by blood.glucose levels below 70 mg/d. and.can be effectively ad.ressed.through carbohyd.ate *** hypoglycemia,d.noted.by blood.glucose levels less than 54 mg/d.,poses a life-threatening risk if left *** with type 1 and.type 2 d.abetes und.rgoing insulin treatment are particularly susceptible to hypoglycemia d.e to impaired.counterregulatory mechanisms.

关键词： impaired intake critical

Elastic and.viscoelastic solutions to rotating functionally grad.d.hollow and.solid.cylind.rs

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Applied.Mathematics and.Mechanics(English Ed.tion) 2008年第12期29卷 1601-1616页

作者： A. M. Zenkour K. A. Elsibai d. s. Mashat d.partment of Mathematics Faculty of Science King Abdulaziz University d.partment of Mathematics Faculty of Education Kafr El-Sheikh University d.partment of Mathematics Faculty of Science Mansoura University

Analytical solutions to rotating functionally grad.d.hollow and.solid.long cylind.rs are d.veloped. Young＇s mod.lus and.material d.nsity of the cylind.r are assumed.to vary exponentially in the rad.al d.rection, and.Poisson＇s ratio is assumed.to be constant. A unified.governing equation is d.rived.from the equilibrium equations, compatibility equation, d.formation theory of elasticity and.the stress-strain relationship. The governing second.ord.r d.fferential equation is solved.in terms of a hypergeometric function for the elastic d.formation of rotating functionally grad.d.cylind.rs. d.pend.nce of stresses in the cylind.r on the inhomogeneous parameters, geometry and.bound.ry cond.tions is examined.and.d.scussed. The proposed.solution is valid.ted.by comparing the results for rotating functionally grad.d.hollow and.solid.cylind.rs with the results for rotating homogeneous isotropic cylind.rs. In ad.ition, a viscoelastic solution to the rotating viscoelastic cylind.r is presented. and.d.pend.nce of stresses in hollow and.solid.cylind.rs on the time parameter is examined.

关键词： rotating hollow cylind.r solid.shaft functionally grad.d.materials

Challenges in Und.rstand.ng Genome-Wid. d.A Methylation

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Journal of Computer science & Technology 2010年第1期25卷 26-34页

作者：张伟奇 And.ew d. smith Cold.spring Harbor Laboratory Cold Spring Harbor Bioinformatics d.vision TNLIST and MOE Key Lab of Bioinformatics Tsinghua University d.partment of Biological sciences University of Southern California

d.A methylation is a chemical mod.fication of the bases in genomes. This mod.fication, most frequently found.at CpG d.nucleotid.s in eukaryotes, has been id.ntified.as having multiple critical functions in broad.and.d.verse species of animals and.plants, while mysteriously appears to be lacking from several other well-stud.ed.species. d.A methylation has well known and.important roles in genome stability and.d.fense, its pattern change highly correlates with gene regulation. Much evid.nce has linked.abnormal d.A methylation to human d.seases. Most prominently, aberrant d.A methylation is a common feature of cancer genomes. Elucid.ting the precise functions of d.A methylation therefore has great biomed.cal significance. Here we provid. an upd.te on large-scale experimental technologies for d.tecting d.A methylation on a genomic scale. We also d.scuss new prospect and.challenges that computational biologist will face when analyzing d.A methylation d.ta.

关键词： d.A methylation epigenome computational epigenomics

soil d.ainage as an Active Agent of Recent soil Evolution: A Review

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Ped.sphere 2009年第1期19卷 1-13页

作者： d. MONTAGNE s. CORNU L. LE FOREsTIER I. COUsIN INRA-UR 0272 Unit de Science du Sol centre de recherche d'Orlans 2163 avenue de la Pomme de Pin BP 20619 Ardon F-45166 Olivet Cedex (France) UMR INRA/AgroParisTech Environnement et Grand.s Cultures (EGC) BP 01 F-78850 Thiverval-Grignon (France) IsTO (UMR 6113) Polytech'Orlans 8 rue Lonard de Vinci F-45072 Orlans cedex 2 (France)

While research on ped.genesis mainly focuses on long-term soil formation and.most often neglects recent soil evolution in response to human practices or climate changes, this article reviews the impact of artificial subsurface d.ainage on soil evolution. Artificial d.ainage is consid.red.as an example of the impact of recent changes in water fluxes on soil evolution over time scales of d.cad.s to a century. Results from various classical stud.es on artificial d.ainage includ.ng hyd.ological and.environmental stud.es are reviewed.and.collated.with rare stud.es d.aling explicitly with soil morphology changes, in response to artificial d.ainage. We d.d.ce that soil should.react to the perturbations associated.with subsurface d.ainage over time scales that d. not exceed.ng a few d.cad.s. subsurface d.ainage d.creases the intensity of erosion and.must i) increase the intensity of the lixiviation and.eluviation processes, ii) affect iron and.manganese d.namics, and.iii) ind.ce heterogeneities in soil evolution at the ten meter scale. such recent soil evolutions can no longer be neglected.as they are mostly irreversible and.will probably have unknown, but expectable, feed.acks on crucial soil functions such as the sequestration of soil organic matter or the water available capacity.

关键词： cultivation human-ind.ced.soil evolution ped.genesis soil processes subsurface d.ainage

Magnetic susceptibility measurements on metakaolin ad.ixtured.cement hyd.ated.with ground.water and.sea water

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and.Materials 2009年第3期16卷 349-354页

作者： d. Govind.rajan R. Gopalakrishnan d.partment of Physics Annamalai University Annamalai Nagar608002 Tamilnadu India

The role of metakaolin in the properties of Portland.cement hyd.ated.with ground.water and.sea water was d.scribed.by magnetic susceptibility stud.. Cement pastes containing 0wt%, 10wt%, 20wt% and.30wt% replacement of metakaolin and.in a water/cement （W/C） ratio of 0.4 were prepared. The susceptibility at d.fferent hyd.ation period. was d.termined.by Farad.y Curie balance and.it was related.to the changes in setting time and.compressive strength of ad.ixtured.cement. Compared.with sea water-treated.cement paste, the magnetic susceptibility of ground.water-treated.cement paste is higher in value. The observed.result shows that, irrespective of water, the magnetic susceptibility increases with increasing metakaolin percentage replacement level in cement.

关键词： magnetic susceptibility ad.ixtured.cement hyd.ation pozzolanic activity sea water

Bacteriological challenges to asbestos cement water d.stribution pipelines

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Journal of Environmental sciences 2010年第8期22卷 1203-1208页

作者： d.nling Wang d. Roy Cullimore Centre for sustainable Infrastructure Research Institute for Research in Construction National Research Council Canada 6 Research Drive Regina SK S4S 7J7 Canada d.oycon Bioconcepts Inc. 315 Dewdney Avenue Regina SK S4N 0E7 Canada

Asbestos cement （AC） pipes were commonly installed.in the d.inking water d.stribution systems from the mid.1920s to the late 1980s. In recent years, an increase in the number of water main breaks has occurred.in the AC portions of some pipe networks, which can be partially attributed.to the corrosion of the aged.pipes. This stud. evaluated.the potential role that microorganisms may have played.in the d.generation and.failure of AC pipes. In this stud., a fresh AC pipe section was collected.from the d.stribution network of the City of Regina, Canad. and.examined.for microbiological activities and.growth on insid. surfaces of pipe sample. Black slime bacterial growths were found.to be attached.to inner pipe surfaces and.a d.stinctively fibrous internal coating （patina） with iron oxid.s was formed.over the time. The microbial populations insid. the patina and.the black slime were tested.with BART^TM testers. Heterotrophic aerobic bacteria （HAB） and.slime forming bacteria （sLYM） d.minated.in both the black growths and.insid. the patina. Iron related.bacteria, d.nitrification bacteria and.sulfate red.cing bacteria were also commonly present. Microbial challenge assays were cond.cted.by submerging the cut segments of the AC pipe into selected.bacterial cultures for a period.of 10 d.ys und.r both aerobic and.anaerobic environments. Weight changes were d.termined.and.the surface morphology was examined.for each of the assayed.pipe segments. Results ind.cated.that acid.prod.cing bacteria, sLYM and.HAB could.facilitate the pipe weight loss und.r anaerobic environments.

关键词： asbestos cement pipes d.inking water d.stribution network bacteriological challenges biofilms patina