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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2006年第39期12卷 6366-6370页

作者： roberto caete Angel A Escobedo María E González Pedro Almirall Hygiene Epidemiology and Microbiology Centre Matanzas City Cuba Academic Paediatric Hospital "Pedro Borrás" Havana City Cuba Institute of Gastro-enterology Havana City Cuba "Pedro Kourí" Institute Havana City Cuba

AIM： To compare the efficacy and safety of five days apostrophe therapy of mebendazole （MBZ） versus quinacrine （QC） on human giardiasis in children.METHODS： A clinical trial was carried out in paediatric patients （aged 5-15 years） with confirmed symptomatic G. duodenalis mono-infection. Patients were randomly assigned to receive either MBZ [200 mg taken three times per day GRID）（n = 61）] or QC [2 mg/kg bodyweight tid （n = 61）], both for five days. Follow-up faecal samples were obtained at 3, 5 and 7 d after the end of the treatment.RESULTS： Although the frequency of cure was higher for QC （83.6%） than for MBZ （78.7%）, the difference was not statistically significant （P 〉 0.05）. Adverse events were reported more in the QC group （P 〈 0.05）, all of them transient and self-limiting.CONCLUSION： Despite final cure rates ocurring lower than expected, the overall results of this study reconfirmed the efficacy of MBZ in giardiasis and also indicate that, although comparable to QC, at least in this setting the 5 d course of MBZ did not appear to improve the cure rates in this intestinal parasitic infection.

关键词： Giardia infection/drug therapy Children Me- bendazole/therapeutic use Quinacrine/therapeutic use Benzimidazoles/therapeutic use Giardiasis/drug therapy Cuba

Interleukin 1βreceptor and synaptic dysfunction in recurrent brain infection with Herpes simplex virus type-1

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第2期20卷 416-423页

作者： roberto Piacentini Claudio Grassi Department of Neuroscience UniversitàCattolica del Sacro CuoreRomeItaly Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A.Gemelli IRCCSRomeItaly

Several experimental evidence suggests a link between brain Herpes simplex virus type-1 infection and the occurrence of Alzheimer’s ***,the molecular mechanisms underlying this association are not completely *** the molecular mediators of synaptic and cognitive dysfunction occurring after Herpes simplex virus type-1 infection and reactivation in the brain neuroinflammatory cytokines seem to occupy a central ***,we specifically reviewed literature reports dealing with the impact of neuroinflammation on synaptic dysfunction observed after recurrent Herpes simplex virus type-1 reactivation in the brain,highlighting the role of interleukins and,in particular,interleukin 1βas a possible target against Herpes simplex virus type-1-induced neuronal dysfunctions.

关键词： herpes simplex virus type 1 interleukin 1β microglia neuroinflammation synaptic dysfunction

Syndecans in Alzheimer's disease:pathogenetic mechanisms and potential therapeutic targets

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第9期20卷 2594-2595页

作者： carmela Rita Balistreri roberto Monastero Cellular Molecular and Clinical Pathological LaboratoryDepartment of BiomedicineNeuroscience and Advanced Diagnostics(Bi.N.D.)University of PalermoPalermoItaly Memory and Parkinson’s disease Center Policlinico“Paolo Giaccone”PalermoDepartment of BiomedicineNeuroscience and Advanced Diagnostics(Bi.N.D.)University of PalermoVia La Loggia 1PalermoItaly

With increasing age,humans become more susceptible to the onset of neurodegenerative diseases(NDs),and among these,Alzheimer's disease(AD)is the most frequent(Nicoletti et al.,2023).NDs are primarily characterized by neuronal loss and atrophy,but also by lesions involving the cerebral and/or cardiovascular system(Balistreri,2021).Lesions such as macroinfa rcts,microinfarcts,hemorrhages,white matter lesions,atherosclerosis,and arteriolosclerosis have also been significantly described in the preclinical stages of cognitive impairment characterizing NDs(Mariani et al.,2007).

关键词： Alzheimer cardiovascular

Therapeutic targeting of cellular prion protein: toward the development of dual mechanism anti-prion compounds

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第4期20卷 1009-1014页

作者： Antonio Masone Chiara Zucchelli Enrico caruso Giovanna Musco roberto Chiesa Laboratory of Prion Neurobiology Department of NeuroscienceIstituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCSMilanItaly Biomolecular NMR Unit Division of Genetics and Cell BiologyIRCCS Ospedale San RaffaeleMilanItaly Department of Biotechnology and Life Sciences University of InsubriaVareseItaly

PrPSc,a misfolded,aggregation-prone isoform of the cellular prion protein(PrPC),is the infectious prion agent responsible for fatal neurodegenerative diseases of humans and other *** adopt different pathogenic conformations(prion strains),which can be resistant to potential drugs,or acquire drug resistance,posing challenges for the development of effective *** PrPCis the obligate precursor of any prion strain and serves as the mediator of prion neurotoxicity,it represents an attractive therapeutic target fo r prion *** this minireview,we briefly outline the approaches to target PrPcand discuss our recent identification of Zn(Ⅱ)-Bn PyP,a PrPC-targeting porphyrin with an unprecedented bimodal mechanism of *** argue that in-depth understanding of the molecular mechanism by which Zn(Ⅱ)-Bn PyP targets PrPCmay lead toward the development of a new class of dual mechanism anti-prion compounds.

关键词： anti-prion drug anti-PrPC antibody antisense oligonucleotide neurodegeneration pharmacological chaperone porphyrin prion disease PrPC degrader PrPC shedding zinc finger repressor

Structural Foundation and Geometry of the Material Singularity (and Its Quantum Entanglement)

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Journal of High Energy Physics, Gravitation and Cosmology 2024年第3期10卷 1095-1137页

作者： Rafael cañete Mesa Independent Researcher Seville Spain

In this paper we develop and study, as the second part of one more general development, the energy transmutation equation for the material singularity, previously obtained through the symmetrisation of a wave packet, that is, we develop the correlation between the terms of this equation, which accounts for the formation of matter from a previous vibrational state, and the different possible energy species. These energetic species are ascribed, in a simplified form, to the equation E¯ω=E¯k+E¯f, which allows us, through its associated phase factor, to gain an insight into the wave character of the kinetic energy and thus to attain the basis of the matter-wave, and all sorts of related phenomenologies, including that concerning quantum entanglement. The formation of the matter was previously identified as an energetic process, analogous to the kinetic one, in which finally the inertial mass is consolidated as a mass in a different phase, now, in addition, the mass of the material singularity is identified as a volumetric density of waves of toroidal geometry created in the process of singularisation or energy transfer between species, which makes it possible to establish the real relation or correspondence between the corpuscular and photonic energy equation (E=mc2=hν), i.e. to explain through m the intimate sense of the first equivalence, which explains what νis in the second one.

关键词： Standard Model Wave-Packet Material Singularity Wave-Particle Dualism Wave Symmetrisation Matter-Wave Energetic Transmutation Quantum Entanglement

Management of hepatitis C in patients with chronic kidney disease

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2015年第2期21卷 408-422页

作者： roberto J carvalho-Filho Ana Cristina ca Feldner Antonio Eduardo B Silva Maria Lucia G Ferraz Division of Gastroenterology Hepatology SectionFederal University of Sao PauloSao PauloSP 04023-900Brazil

Hepatitis C virus(HCV) infection is highly prevalent among chronic kidney disease(CKD) subjects under hemodialysis and in kidney transplantation(KT) recipients, being an important cause of morbidity and mortality in these patients. The vast majority of HCV chronic infections in the hemodialysis setting are currently attributable to nosocomial transmission. Acute and chronic hepatitis C exhibits distinct clinical and laboratorial features, which can impact on managementand treatment decisions. In hemodialysis subjects, acute infections are usually asymptomatic and anicteric; since spontaneous viral clearance is very uncommon in this context, acute infections should be treated as soon as possible. In KT recipients, the occurrence of acute hepatitis C can have a more severe course, with a rapid progression of liver fibrosis. In these patients, it is recommended to use pegylated interferon(PEG-IFN) in combination with ribavirin, with doses adjusted according to estimated glomerular filtration rate. There is no evidence suggesting that chronic hepatitis C exhibits a more aggressive course in CKD subjects under conservative management. In these subjects, indication of treatment with PEG-IFN plus ribavirin relies on the CKD stage, rate of progression of renal dysfunction and the possibility of a preemptive transplant. HCV infection has been associated with both liver disease-related deaths and cardiovascular mortality in hemodialysis patients. Among those individuals, low HCV viral loads and the phenomenon of intermittent HCV viremia are often observed, and sequential HCV RNA monitoring is needed. Despite the poor tolerability and suboptimal efficacy of antiviral therapy in CKD patients, many patients can achieve sustained virological response, which improve patient and graft outcomes. Hepatitis C eradication before KT theoretically improves survival and reduces the occurrence of chronic graft nephropathy, de novo glomerulonephritis and post-transplant diabetes mellitus.

关键词： Hepatitis C virus Chronic kidney disease End-stage

On the role of the uncertainty principle in superconductivity and superfluidity

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Chinese Physics B 2012年第7期21卷 125-131页

作者： roberto Onofrio Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia"Galileo Galilei" Universitàdi PadovaVia Marzolo 8Padova 35131Italy ITAMP Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics60 Garden StreetCambridgeMA 02138USA

We discuss the general interplay between the uncertainty principle and the onset of dissipationless transport phenomena such as superconductivity and superfluidity. We argue that these phenomena are possible because of the robustness of many-body quantum states with respect to the external environment, which is directly related to the uncertainty principle as applied to coordinates and momenta of the carriers. In the case of superconductors, this implies relationships between macroscopic quantities such as critical temperature and critical magnetic field, and microscopic quantities such as the amount of spatial squeezing of a Cooper pair and its correlation time. In the case of ultracold atomic Fermi gases, this should be paralleled by a connection between the critical temperature for the onset of superfluidity and the corresponding critical velocity. Tests of this conjecture are finally sketched with particular regard to the understanding of the behaviour of superconductors under external pressures or mesoscopic superconductors, and the possibility to mimic these effects in ultracold atomic Fermi gases using Feshbach resonances and atomic squeezed states.

关键词： superconductivity superfluidity uncertainty principle squeezed states

EQUIVALENCE OF SEMI-LAGRANGIAN AND LAGRANGE-GALERKIN SCHEMES UNDER CONSTANT ADVECTION SPEED

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Journal of Computational Mathematics 2010年第4期28卷 461-473页

作者： roberto Ferretti Dipartimento di Matematica Università di Roma Tre

We compare in this paper two major implementations of large time-step schemes for advection equations, i.e., Semi-Lagrangian and Lagrange-Galerkin techniques. We show that SL schemes are equivalent to exact LG schemes via a suitable definition of the basis functions. In this paper, this equivalence will be proved assuming some simplifying hypoteses, mainly constant advection speed, uniform space grid, symmetry and translation invariance of the cardinal basis functions for interpolation. As a byproduct of this equivalence, we obtain a simpler proof of stability for SL schemes in the constant-coefficient case.

关键词： Semi-Lagrangian schemes Lagrange-Galerkin schemes Stability.

Recovering of Damping Coefficients for a System of Coupled Wave Equations with Neumann Boundary Conditions:Uniqueness and Stability

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Chinese Annals of Mathematics,Series B 2011年第5期32卷 669-698页

作者： roberto TRIGGIANI Department of Mathematics University of Virginia Department of Mathematics and Statistics King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals

The authors study the inverse problem of recovering damping coefficients for two coupled hyperbolic PDEs with Neumann boundary conditions by means of an additional measurement of Dirichlet boundary traces of the two solutions on a suitable, explicit subportion F1 of the boundary F, and over a computable time interval T 〉 0. Under sharp conditions on Г0= Г／Г1, T 〉 0, the uniqueness and stability of the damping coefficients are established. The proof uses critically the carleman estimate due to Lasiecka et al. in 2000, together with a convenient tactical route ＂post-carleman estimates＂ suggested by Isakov in 2006.

关键词： Inverse problem Coupled wave equations carleman estimate

Mechanochemistry of cyclobutanes

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Science China Chemistry 2024年第12期67卷 3915-3924页

作者： roberto Obregon Junpeng Wang School of Polymer Science and Polymer Engineering University of AkronAkronOH 44325USA

The field of polymer mechanochemistry has been revolutionized by implementing force-responsive functional groups—*** rational design of mechanophores enables the controlled use of force to achieve constructive molecular reactivity and material *** a variety of mechanophores have been developed,this Mini Review focuses on cyclobutane,which has brought valuable insights into molecular reactivity and dynamics as well as innovations in *** discuss its reactivity and mechanism,dynamics and stereoselectivity,as well as impacts on material properties.

关键词： mechanochemistry mechanophore cyclobutane