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Taste sensitivity and divergence in host plant acceptance between adult females and larvae of Papilio hospiton

Insect Science 2018年第5期25卷 809-822页

作者： Giorgia Sollai Maurizio Biolchini roberto Crnjar Department of Biomedical Sciences Section of Physiology University of Cagliari 09042 Monserrato (CA) Italy

On the island of Sardinia the lepidopteran Papilio hospiton uses Ferula com- munis as exclusive host plant. However, on the small island of Tavolara, adult females lay eggs on Seseli tortuosum, a plant confined to the island. When raised in captivity on Seseli only few larvae grew beyond the first-second instar. Host specificity of lepidopterans is determined by female oviposition preferences, but also by larval food acceptance, and adult and larval taste sensitivity may be related to host selection in both cases. Aim of this work was：（i） to study the taste sensitivity of larvae and ovipositing females to saps of Ferula and Seseli; （ii） to cross-compare the spike activity of gustatory receptor neurons （GRNs） to both taste stimuli; （iii） to evaluate the discriminating capability between the two saps and determine which neural code/s is/are used. The results show that：（i） the spike responses of the tarsal GRNs of adult females to both plant saps are not different and therefore they cannot discriminate the two plants; （ii） larval L-lat GRN shows a higher activity in response to Seseli than Ferula, while the opposite occurs for the phagostimulant neurons, and larvae may discriminate between the two saps by means of multiple neural codes; （iii） the number of eggs laid on the two plants is the same, but the larval growth performance is better on Ferula than Seseli. Taste sensitivity differences may explain the absence of a positive relationship between oviposition preferences by adult females and plant acceptance and growth performance by larvae.

关键词： chemoreception feeding acceptance host-plant discrimination neural cod-ing oviposition preference Papilionidae

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Mapping and ultrastructure of antennal chemosensilla of the wheat bug Eurygaster maura

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Insect Science 2009年第2期16卷 193-203页

作者： roberto Romani Marco Valerio Rossi Stacconi Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie e Ambientali Facolt& di Agraria Universit& degli Studi di Perugia Perugia Italy

Antennae of the wheat stink bug Eurygaster maura L. （Hemiptera： Scutelleridae） were investigated to elucidate structure and distribution of antennal chemosensilla in females. Five type of sensilla were identified and characterized using a scanning electron microscope （SEM） and a transmission electron microscope （TEM）. Type 1 sensilla are mechanical and contact chemoreceptors with a single apical pore. Types 2 and 3 sensilla are multiporous chemoreceptors both with typical features of olfactory sensilla. Type 4 are multiporous peg-like sensilla, short and with a grooved surface. Type 5 are sensilla coeloconica with a smooth and aporous peg completely inserted in a sub-cuticular chamber. All types are distributed on the two flagellar segments, but we considered only the apical flagellomere in which the largest number of sensilla are located. The most abundant sensilla are type 3, while the less numerous are type 5. All types, except type 2, decreased in number from the tip to the base of the segment. The lower density of sensilla was recorded on the dorsal-internal part of the apical antennomere, while the higher density was recorded on the opposite side （external-ventral）.

关键词： functional anatomy gustatory sensilla Hemiptera olfactory sensilla thermo-hygro receptors

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Three Dimensional Coupling between Elastic and Thermal Fields in the Static Analysis of Multilayered Composite Shells

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2023年第9期136卷 2551-2594页

作者： Salvatore Brischetto roberto Torre Domenico Cesare Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering.Politecnico di Torino Torino10129Italy

This new work aims to develop a full coupled thermomechanical method including both the temperature profile and displacements as primary unknowns of the *** generic full coupled 3D exact shell model permits the thermal stress investigation of laminated isotropic,composite and sandwich *** and spherical panels,cylinders and plates are analyzed in orthogonal mixed curved reference *** 3D equilibrium relations and the 3D Fourier heat conduction equation for spherical shells are coupled and they trivially can be simplified in those for plates and cylindrical *** exponential matrix methodology is used to find the solutions of a full coupled model based on coupled differential relations with respect to the thickness *** analytical solution is based on theories of simply supported edges and harmonic relations for displacement components and *** sovra-temperature magnitudes are directly applied at the outer faces through static state *** a consequence,the sovra-temperature description is assumed to be an unknown variable of themodel and it is calculated in the sameway as the three *** final systemis based on a set of coupled homogeneous differential relations of second order in the thickness *** system is reduced in a first order differential relation system by redoubling the number of ***,the exponential matrix methodology is applied to calculate the *** temperature field effects are evaluated in the static investigation of shells and plates in terms of displacement and stress *** an appropriate preliminary validation,new benchmarks are discussed for several thickness ratios,geometrical data,lamination sequences,materials and sovra-temperature values imposed at the outer *** make evident the accordance between the uncoupled thermo-mechanical model and this new full coupled thermo-mechanical model without the need to se

关键词： Three-dimensional exact thermo-elastic shellmodel full coupled thermoelasticity three-dimensional fourier heat conduction relation plate and shell geometries laminated and sandwich configurations

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Oxidative desulfurization of diesel fuel oil using supported Fenton catalysts and assisted with ultrasonic energy

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Petroleum Science 2019年第5期16卷 1176-1184页

作者： roberto Flores Arturo Rodas Raquel Gasperin Facultad de Ciencias Químicas e Ingeniería Universidad Autónoma del Estado de MorelosAv.Universidad No.1001Col.Chamilpa62209 CuernavacaMorelosMexico Gerencia de Materiales y Procesos Químicos Instituto Nacional de Electricidad y Energías LimpiasCalle Reforma 113Col.Palmira62490 CuernavacaMorelosMexico

An ultrasound-assisted heterogeneous catalytic oxidation process was applied to eliminate sulfur from commercial diesel fuel *** studied variables were catalyst concentration,type of catalyst(homogeneous or heterogeneous),oxidizing agent concentration,and the application of ultrasound *** catalysts were prepared by impregnation of coal fly ash with an iron(Ⅱ)sulfate aqueous solution using ultrasound *** drying,the catalyst was calcined at 500℃for 4 *** oxidizing agent was hydrogen *** energy was applied with a frequency of 47 kHz and an intensity of 147 *** was employed for extracting the oxidized compounds from the hydrocarbon *** fly ash and ethanol were used with the purpose of applying low-cost raw materials in chemical *** was found that under the studied conditions,increasing oxidizing agent concentration and the application of ultrasound energy can enhance the sulfur removal from commercial diesel fuel *** concentration did not play a significant role in the *** results were obtained using homogeneous or heterogeneous catalyst,which is important since the heterogeneous catalyst could be recovered,reactivated,and used in many cycles.

关键词： Oxidative desulfurization Diesel Ultrasound energy Supported catalyst Low-cost raw materials

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Hyperglycemia in acute ischemic stroke: physiopathological and therapeutic complexity

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Neural Regeneration Research 2022年第2期17卷 292-299页

作者： Federica Ferrari Antonio Moretti roberto Federico Villa Department of Biology and Biotechnology Laboratory of Pharmacology and Molecular Medicine of Central Nervous SystemUniversity of PaviaVia FerrataPaviaItaly

Diabetes mellitus and associated chronic hyperglycemia enhance the risk of acute ischemic stroke and lead to worsened clinical outcome and increased mortality. However, post-stroke hyperglycemia is also present in a number of non-diabetic patients after acute ischemic stroke, presumably as a stress response. The aim of this review is to summarize the main effects of hyperglycemia when associated to ischemic injury in acute stroke patients, highlighting the clinical and neurological outcomes in these conditions and after the administration of the currently approved pharmacological treatment, i.e. insulin. The disappointing results of the clinical trials on insulin(including the hypoglycemic events) demand a change of strategy based on more focused therapies. Starting from the comprehensive evaluation of the physiopathological alterations occurring in the ischemic brain during hyperglycemic conditions, the effects of various classes of glucose-lowering drugs are reviewed, such as glucose-like peptide-1 receptor agonists, DPP-4 inhibitors and sodium glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors, in the perspective of overcoming the up-to-date limitations and of evaluating the effectiveness of new potential therapeutic strategies.

关键词： acute ischemic stroke diabetes mellitus DPP-4 inhibitor glucose-like peptide-1 receptor agonist hyperglycemia hypoglycemia insulin physiopathology sodium glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitor

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Influence of Surface Finishing on High-Temperature Oxidation of AISI Type 444 Ferritic Stainless Steel Used in SOFC Stacks

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters) 2017年第8期30卷 697-711页

作者： Valeria Bongiorno Paolo Piccardo Simone Anelli roberto Spotorno Laboratorio di Metallurgia e Materiali - Dipartimento di Chimica e Chimica Industriale (LMM-DCCI) Universita degli Studi di Genova Via Dodecaneso 31 16146 GenoaItaly

This research is focused on the study of the samples, approximatively 15 × 30 mm^2 sized, that were mechanically cut from two sheets （0.4 and 0.2 mm thick, respectively） of AIS1444 Type ferritic stainless steel （FSS）（DIN 1.4521, Eu designation X2CrMoTil8-2）; this material was in the ＇as-rolled＇ state. Part of these specimens were treated superficially on one side using abrasive SiC papers with different average grit sizes （i.e., 46.2, 30.2, 18.3 gm） and diamond suspension （up to 1 tim） in order to obtain various surface roughness. Both the ＇as-rolled＇ and superficially treated samples were then aged in a muffle fumace in static air according to a thermal cycle corresponding to the curing phase of an experimental glass used as sealing in the solid oxide fuel cell stacks. After aging, the chemical compositions and mor- phological peculiarities of the scale formed depending on the thickness of the samples and their surface state were studied by scanning electron microscopy, energy-dispersive spectroscopy, micro-Raman spectroscopy, bright field light optical microscopy. The obtained results show that all scales formed consist of an inner Cr2O3 subscale and an outer （Mn,Cr）3O4 spinel layer; the relationship between FSS grain size and scale microstructural features is consistent on the samples with mirror-like surface only; the scale thicknesses on SiC grinded samples are comparable; the scales covering the ＇as-rolled＇ surfaces are morphologically similar to those grown on the surfaces finished with the 30.2 and 18.3 μm SiC papers, and their thicknesses show an intermediate situation between the abraded and the mirror-like specimens. The last described characteristics depend mainly on the surface and microstructural peculiarities resulting from the rolling process.

关键词： AISI Type 444 SOFC stacks Surface roughness Microstructure Surface finishing High-temperature oxidation

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Exploitation of symmetry in periodic Self-Consistent-Field ab initio calculations: application to large three-dimensional compounds

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Science China Chemistry 2014年第10期57卷 1418-1426页

作者： DE LA PIERRE Marco ORLANDO roberto FERRABONE Matteo ZICOVICH-WILSON Claudio M. DOVESI roberto Dipartimento di Chimica Università di Torino and NIS Nanostructured Interfaces and Surfaces Centre of Excellence Via P. Giuria 7 10125 Torino Italy Nanochemistry Research Institute Department of Chemistry Curtin University GPO Box U1987 Perth WA 6845 Australia Facultad de Ciencias Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos Av. Universidad 1001 Col. Chamilpa 62209 Cuernavaca (Morelos) Mexico

Symmetry can dramatically reduce the computational cost （running time and memory allocation） of Self-Consistent-Field ab initio calculations for crystalline systems. Crucial for running time is use of symmetry in the evaluation of one- and two-electron integrals, diagonalization of the Fock matrix at selected points in reciprocal space, reconstruction of the density matrix. As regards memory allocation, full square matrices （overlap, Fock and density） in the Atomic Orbital （AO） basis are avoided and a direct transformation from the packed AO to the SACO （Symmetry Adapted Crystalline Orbital） basis is per- formed, so that the largest matrix to be handled has the size of the largest sub-block in the latter basis. We here illustrate the effectiveness of this scheme, following recent advancements in the CRYSTAL code, concerning memory allocation and direct basis set transformation. Quantitative examples are given for large unit cell systems, such as zeolites （all-silica faujasite and silicalite MF1） and garnets （pyrope）. It is shown that the full SCF of 3D systems containing up to 576 atoms and 11136 Atomic Orbitals in the cell can be run with a hybrid functional on a single core PC with 500 MB RAM in about 8 h.

关键词： point symmetry Symmetry Adapted Crystalline Orbitals Fock matrix density matrix CPU time memory allocation quantum-mechanical calculations CRYSTAL code

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Dynamical Criticality:Overview and Open Questions

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Journal of Systems Science & Complexity 2018年第3期31卷 647-663页

作者： ROLI Andrea VILLANI Marco FILISETTI Alessandro SERRA roberto Department of Computer Science and Engineering (DISI) Campus of Cesena University of Bologna Italy Department of Physics Informatics and Mathematics University of Modena and Reggio Emilia Italy European Centre for Living Technology Venezia Italy Explora s.r.l. Roma Italy & European Centre for Living Technology Venezia Italy

Systems that exhibit complex behaviours are often found in a particular dynamical con- dition, poised between order and disorder. This observation is at the core of the so-called criticality hypothesis, which states that systems in a dynamical regime between order and disorder attain the highest level of computational capabilities and achieve an optimal trade-off between robustness and flexibility. Recent results in cellular and evolutionary biology, ueuroscience and computer science have revitalised the interest in the criticality hypothesis, emphasising its role as a viable candidate general law in adaptive complex systems. This paper provides an overview of the works on dynamical criticality that are -- To the best of our knowledge -- Particularly relevant for the criticality hypothesis. The authors review the main contributions concerning dynamics and information processing at the edge of chaos, and illustrate the main achievements in the study of critical dynamics in biological systems. Finally, the authors discuss open questions and propose an agenda for future work.

关键词： Attractors criticality dynamical regimes edge of chaos phase transitions.

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Nanotechnology and pancreatic cancer management:State of the art and further perspectives

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2021年第4期13卷 231-237页

作者： Damiano Caputo Daniela Pozzi Tommaso Farolfi roberto Passa roberto Coppola Giulio Caracciolo Department of General Surgery University Campus Bio-Medico di RomaRome 00128Italy Department of Molecular Medicine Sapienza University of RomeRome 00161Italy

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma(PDAC)represents a leading cause of cancer death and is often diagnosticated too late to allow adequate *** of biomarkers have been discovered in lasts years but,to date,there is a lack of lowcost and non-invasive tools for PDAC early ***,drugs commonly used in PDAC treatment do not allow achieving long-term satisfying *** is gaining importance in both PDAC early detection and *** main implications of nanotechnology in cancer diagnosis lay in the ability that nanoparticles have on concentrate the alteration in human proteome caused by ***-enabled blood tests have been demonstrated to reach high rate of sensitivity(up to 85%)and specificity(up to 100%).In the field of cancer therapy nanoparticles can be used as nanocarriers able to reach specific tumour’s cells and selectively release the drug they contain into them.A literature review was carried out with the aim to assess the state of the art and highlight the future perspectives of nanotechnology in PDAC early detection and therapy.

关键词： Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma Biomarkers Nanotechnology Nanoparticles Protein corona Early detection

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Totally robotic vs 3D laparoscopic colectomy: A single centers preliminary experience

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2015年第46期21卷 13152-13159页

作者： Mario Guerrieri roberto Campagnacci Pierluigi Sperti Giulio Belfiori Rosaria Gesuita roberto Ghiselli Department of General Surgery Clinica ChirurgicaOspedali RiunitiPolytechnic University of Marche Center for Epidemiology and Biostatistics Polytechnic University of Marche

AIM: to compare robotic and three-dimensional(3D) laparoscopic colectomy based on the literature and our preliminary ***: This retrospective observational study compared operative measures and postoperative outcomes between laparoscopic 3D and robotic colectomy for cancer. From September 2013 to September 2014,24 robotic colectomies and 23 3D laparoscopic colectomy were performed at our Department. Data were analyzed and reported both by approach and by colectomy side. Robotic left colectomy(RL) vs laparoscopic 3D left colectomy(LL 3D) and Robotic right colectomy(RR) vs laparoscopic 3D(LR 3D). Rectal cancer procedures were not ***: There were 18 RR and 11 LR 3D,6 RL and 12 LL 3D. As regards LR 3D,extracorporeal anastomosis(EA) was performed in 7 patients and intracorporeal anastomosis(IA) in 4; the RR group included 14 IA and 4 EA. There was no mortality. Median operative time was higher for the robotic group while conversion rate(12.5% vs 13%) and lymph nodes removed(14 vs 13) were similar for both. First flatus time was 1 d for RR and 2 d the other patient groups. Oral intake was resumed in 1 d by LR and in 2 d by the other patients(P = 0.012). Overall cost was €4950 and €1950 for RL and LL 3D,and €4450 and €1450 for RR and LR 3D,respectively. CONCLUSION: There were no differences betweenRR and LR 3D,except that IA was easier with RR,and probably contributed with the learning curve to the longer operative time recorded. Both techniques offer similar advantages for the patient with significantly different costs. In left colectomies robotic colectomy provided better outcomes,especially in resections approaching the rectum.

关键词： Three-dimensional vision systems Robotic surgery L

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