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Transcriptional regulation of adult neural stem/progenitor cells: tales from the subventricular zone

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Neural Regeneration Research 2020年第10期15卷 1773-1783页

作者： Giancarlo Poiana roberta Gioia Serena Sineri Silvia Cardarelli Giuseppe Lupo Emanuele Cacci Department of Biology and Biotechnology "C.Darwin" Sapienza University of Rome

In rodents,well characterized neurogenic niches of the adult brain,such as the subventricular zone of the lateral ventricles and the subgranular zone of the hippocampus,support the maintenance of neural/stem progenitor cells(NSPCs)and the production of new neurons throughout the *** adult neurogenic process is dependent on the intrinsic gene expression signatures of NSPCs that make them competent for self-renewal and neuronal *** the same time,it is receptive to regulation by various extracellular signals that allow the modulation of neuronal production and integration into brain circuitries by various physiological stimuli.A drawback of this plasticity is the sensitivity of adult neurogenesis to alterations of the niche environment that can occur due to aging,injury or *** the core of the molecular mechanisms regulating neurogenesis,several transcription factors have been identified that maintain NSPC identity and mediate NSPC response to extrinsic ***,we focus on REST,Egr1 and Dbx2 and their roles in adult neurogenesis,especially in the subventricular *** review recent work from our and other laboratories implicating these transcription factors in the control of NSPC proliferation and differentiation and in the response of NSPCs to extrinsic influences from the *** also discuss how their altered regulation may affect the neurogenic process in the aged and in the diseased ***,we highlight key open questions that need to be addressed to foster our understanding of the transcriptional mechanisms controlling adult neurogenesis.

关键词： adult neurogenesis aging extracellular signaling gene regulation neural stem/progenitor cells transcription factors

Relaxin influences ileal muscular activity through a dual signaling pathway in mice

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2018年第8期24卷 882-893页

作者： Eglantina Idrizaj Rachele Garella Fabio Francini roberta Squecco Maria Caterina Baccari Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine Section of Physiological Sciences University of Florence

AIM To investigate the signaling pathways involved in the relaxin(RLX) effects on ileal preparations from mice through mechanical and electrophysiological *** For mechanical experiments, ileal preparations from female mice were mounted in organ baths containing Krebs-Henseleit solution. The mechanical activity was recorded via force-displacement transducers, which were coupled to a polygraph for continuous recording of isometric tension. Electrophysiological measurements were performed in current-and voltage-clamp conditions by a microelectrode inserted in a single smooth muscle cell(SMC) of the ileal longitudinal layer. Both the membrane passive properties and inward voltage-dependent L-type Ca2+ currents were recorded using suitable solutions and voltage stimulation *** Mechanical experiments showed that RLX induced a decay of the basal tension and a reduction in amplitude of the spontaneous contractions. The effects of RLX were partially reduced by 1 H-[1,2,4]oxadiazolo[4,3-a ]-quinoxalin-1-one(ODQ) or 9-cyclopentyladenine mesylate(9 CPA), inhibitors of guanylate cyclase(GC) and adenylate cyclase(AC), respectively, and were abolished in the concomitant presence of both drugs. Electrophysiological experiments demonstrated that RLX directly influenced the biophysical properties of ileal SMCs, decreasing the membrane conductance, hyperpolarizing the resting membrane potential, reducing the L-type calcium current amplitude and affecting its kinetics. The voltage dependence of the current activation and inactivation time constant was significantly speeded by RLX. Each electrophysiological effect of RLX was reduced by ODQ or 9 CPA, and abolished in the concomitant presence of both drugs as observed in mechanical experiments. CONCLUSION Our new findings demonstrate that RLX influences ileal muscle through a dual mechanism involving both GC and AC.

关键词： Relaxin Gastrointestinal motility Smooth muscle AC/cAMP GC/cGMP

Lessons and challenges for the recycling sector of Brazil from the pandemic outbreak of COVID-19

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Waste Disposal and Sustainable Energy 2021年第2期3卷 145-154页

作者： Ronei de Almeida roberta Guimarães de Souza Juacyara Carbonelli Campos School of Chemistry Inorganic Processes DepartmentFederal University of Rio de Janeiro.AvAthos da Silveira Ramos 149Ilha do FundãoRio de Janeiro 21941-909Brazil CoClima Av.Alfonso Balthazar da Silveira 339Recreio dos BandeirantesRio de Janeiro 22790-710Brazil

The 2019-2020 coronavirus pandemic imposed unprecedented challenges in Brazilian governance sectors,mostly in the waste management ***,we analyse the main challenges of the recycling sector in Brazil to cope with this *** difficulties during the pandemic outbreak of COVID-19 can help improve waste recycling in the post-pandemic period in Brazil and other developing nations that face similar *** current pandemic exposed the deficiencies of this system,and some important lessons can be *** are drawn to advance the proper management of recyclables in the *** Government must increase total investments in the recycling industry’s infrastructure and support local recycling initiatives during a public health crisis and *** sum,this paper strengthens the idea that waste segregation at the source and selective collection will not be sufficient without massive investments in the recycling sector’s *** future challenge includes strengthening the economic markets for recycled materials.

关键词： Coronavirus Developing countries Informal sector Recycling Selective collection Waste management

Assessment of resting energy expenditure in patients with cirrhosis

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World Journal of Hepatology 2022年第4期14卷 802-811页

作者： Shaiane Ferreira Cláudio Augusto Marroni Jessica Taina Stein roberta Rayn Ana Cristhina Henz Natália P Schmidt Randhall B Carteri Sabrina Alves Fernandes Postgraduate Program in Hepatology Federal University of Health Sciences of Porto Alegre(UFCSPA)Porto Alegre 90050-170Brazil Department of Nutrition Centro Universitário Metodista-IPAPorto Alegre 90420-060Brazil Department of Health and Behavior Catholic University of PelotasPelotas 96015-560Brazil

BACKGROUND Malnutrition affects 20%to 50%of patients with *** may be associated with serious complications and has a direct impact on *** energy expenditure(REE)is an important parameter to guide the optimization of therapy and recovery of nutritional status in patients with ***,the REE of patients with cirrhosis is still unclear,casting doubt upon the optimal nutritional management *** To identify the best method that predicts the REE of cirrhotic patients,using indirect calorimetry(IC)as the gold *** An observational study was performed on 90 patients with *** was assessed by IC,bioelectrical impedance analysis(BIA),and predictive formulas,which were compared using Bland-Altman plots and the Student’s *** REE values measured by IC(1607.72±257.4 kcal)differed significantly from those determined by all other methods(BIA:1790.48±352.1 kcal;Harris&Benedict equation:2373.54±254.9 kcal;IOM equation:1648.95±185.6 kcal;Cunningham equation:1764.29±246.2 kcal),except the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations,World Health Organization,and United Nations University(FAO/WHO/UNU)(1616.07±214.6 kcal)and McArdle(1611.30±241.8 kcal)*** found no significant association when comparing IC and 24-h dietary recall among different Child-Pugh classes of *** The IOM and FAO/WHO/UNU equations have the best agreement with the *** results indicate a possibility of different tools for the clinical practice on cirrhotic patients.

关键词： Liver cirrhosis Calorimetry Indirect Energy metabolism Malnutrition

An integrated approach to investigate climate-driven rockfall occurrence in high alpine slopes: the Bessanese glacial basin, Western Italian Alps

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Journal of Mountain Science 2020年第11期17卷 2591-2610页

作者： VIANI Cristina CHIARLE Marta PARANUNZIO roberta MERLONE Andrea MUSACCHIO Chiara COPPA Graziano NIGRELLI Guido Department of Earth Sciences University of Torino10125 TorinoItaly Research Institute for Geo-Hydrological Protection Italian National Research Council10135 TorinoItaly Institute of Atmospheric Sciences and Climate Italian National Research Council10133 TorinoItaly National Institute of Metrological Research 10135 TorinoItaly

Rockfalls are one of the most common instability processes in high *** represent a relevant issue,both for the risks they represent for(infra)structures and frequentation,and for their potential role as terrestrial indicators of climate *** study aims to contribute to the growing topic of the relationship between climate change and slope instability at the basin *** selected study area is the Bessanese glacial basin(Western Italian Alps)which,since 2016,has been specifically equipped,monitored and investigated for this *** order to provide a broader context for the interpretation of the recent rockfall events and associated climate conditions,a cross-temporal and integrated approach has been *** this purpose,geomorphological investigations(last 100 years),local climate(last 30 years)and near-surface rock/air temperatures analyses,have been carried *** research outcomes show that rockfalls occurred in two different geomorphological positions:on rock slopes in permafrost condition,facing from NW to NE and/or along the glacier margins,on rock slopes uncovered by the ice in the last *** thaw of the active layer and/or glacier debutressing can be deemed responsible for slope failure *** regard to timing,almost all dated rock falls occurred in *** the July events,initiation may have been caused by a combination of rapid snow melt and enhanced seasonal thaw of the active layer due to anomalous high temperatures,and *** events are,instead,associated with a significant positive temperature anomaly on the quarterly scale,and they can be ascribed to the rapid and/or in depth thaw of the permafrost active *** to our findings,we can expect that in the Bessanese glacierized basin,as in similar high mountain areas,climate change will cause an increase of slope instability in the *** fasten knowledge deepening,we highlight the need for a growth of a network of high elevation

关键词： Rockfalls Climate change Air and rock temperature Periglacial environment Western Italian Alps

Advanced imaging and artificial intelligence for Barrett's esophagus:What we should and soon will do

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2022年第11期28卷 1113-1122页

作者： Marco Spadaccini Edoardo Vespa Viveksandeep Thoguluva Chandrasekar Madhav Desai Harsh K Patel roberta Maselli Alessandro Fugazza Silvia Carrara Andrea Anderloni Gianluca Franchellucci Alessandro De Marco Cesare Hassan Pradeep Bhandari Prateek Sharma Alessandro Repici Department of Endoscopy Humanitas Research HospitalIRCCSRozzano 20089Italy Department of Biomedical Sciences Humanitas UniversityRozzano 20089Italy Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Mayo ClinicPhoenixAZ 85054United States Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Kansas City VA Medical CenterKansas CityMO 66045United States Department of Internal Medicine Ochsner Clinic FoundationNew OrleansLA 70124United States Endoscopy Unit Nuovo Regina Margherita HospitalRoma 00153Italy Department of Gastroenterology Portsmouth Hospitals University NHS TrustPortsmouth PO63LYUnited Kingdom School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences University of PortsmouthPortsmouth PO63LYUnited Kingdom

Barrett’s esophagus(BE)is a well-established risk factor for esophageal *** is recommended that patients have regular endoscopic surveillance,with the ultimate goal of detecting early-stage neoplastic lesions before they can progress to invasive *** of both dysplasia or early adenocarcinoma permits curative endoscopic treatments,and with this aim,thorough endoscopic assessment is crucial and improves *** burden of missed neoplasia in BE is still far from being negligible,likely due to inappropriate endoscopic *** the last two decades,advanced imaging techniques,moving from traditional dye-spray chromoendoscopy to more practical virtual chromoendoscopy technologies,have been introduced with the aim to enhance neoplasia detection in *** witnessed in other fields,artificial intelligence(AI)has revolutionized the field of diagnostic endoscopy and is set to cover a pivotal role in BE as *** aim of this commentary is to comprehensively summarize present evidence,recent research advances,and future perspectives regarding advanced imaging technology and AI in BE;the combination of computer-aided diagnosis to a widespread adoption of advanced imaging technologies is eagerly *** will also provide a useful step-by-step approach for performing high-quality endoscopy in BE,in order to increase the diagnostic yield of endoscopy in clinical practice.

关键词： Barrett’s esophagus Endoscopy Artificial intelligence Surveillance Advanced imaging Neoplasia

Assessment of cardiac function in infants with transposition of the great arteries after surgery: comparison of two methods

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World Journal of Pediatrics 2018年第4期14卷 373-377页

作者： Fan Yang roberta Iacobelli Jian-Ming Wang Fiore Salvatore Iorio Cardiac Surgery Department Hebei Province Children's HospitalNo.133Jianhua South StreetShijiazhuang 050031China Pediatric Cardiology Center of Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù Piazza S.Onofrio 400165 RomeItaly

Background Assessment of cardiac function is crucial in pediatric patients undergoing cardiovascular surgery, monitoring cardiac output and changing hemodynamic conditions during surgery accordingly is important to improve post-surgical outcome. We aimed to measure cardiac index (CI) and maximal rate of the increase of left ventricular pressure dp/dt(max) with the pressure recording analytic method (PRAM, MostCare?) and compared it with transthoracic echocardiographic cardiac index estimation in infants with transposition of the great arteries (TGA) undergoing surgical correction. Methods We enrolled 74 infants with TGA consecutively into this study. CI and dp/dt(max) were measured with PRAM and echocardiography at 0, 4, 8, 12, 24 and 48 h postoperatively. Blood brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) and blood lactate (Lac) were measured at baseline and after operation. Results The median age at surgery was 13 days (range 1–25 days) with an average weight of 3.24 kg (range 2.31–4.17 kg). CI esti-mated by PRAM was 1.11 ± 0.12 L/min/m2 (range 0.69–1.36) and by Doppler echocardiography was 1.13 ± 0.13 L/min/m2 (range 0.76–1.40). dp/dt(max) estimated by PRAM was 1.31 ± 0.03 mmHg/s (range 1.23–1.43) and by Doppler echocardiography was 1.31 ± 0.04 L/min/m2 (range 1.25–1.47). CI (r = 0.817,P< 0.001) and dp/dt(max) (r = 0.794,P< 0.001) measured by two meth-ods were highly correlated with a linear relation. Blood BNP and lactate increased to the highest level at 8–12 h post-operatively. Conclusions In the early post-operative period, PRAM provides reliable estimates of cardiac index and dp/dt(max) value compared with echocardiographic measurements. PRAM through mostcare? is a reliable continuous monitoring method for peri-operative management in children with congenital heart disease.

关键词： Cardiac index Doppler echocardiography dp/dt(max) Pressure recording analytic method Transposition of the great arteries

Microfibrillated Cellulose Based Ink for Eco-Sustainable Screen Printed Flexible Electrodes in Lithium Ion Batteries

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2016年第6期32卷 566-572页

作者： Oussama El Baradai Davide Beneventi Fannie Alloin roberta Bongiovanni Nadege Bruas-Reverdy Yann Bultel Didier Chaussy Univ.Grenoble AIpes LGP2F-38000 GrenobleFrance CNRS LGP2F-38000 GrenobleFrance Univ.Grenoble Alpes LEPMIF-38000 GrenobleFrance CNRS LEPMIF-38000 Grenoble.France Department of Applied Science and Technology DISAT.Politecnico di Torino.Corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24 10129 TorinoItaly

Free organic solvent ink containing graphite, carboxymethyl cellulose and microfibrillated cellulose as active material, dispersing and binder, respectively, has been formulated to produce flexible and eco- sustainable electrodes for lithium ion batteries. Content ratio of components and dispersion protocol were tailored in order to have theological properties suitable for a large and cheap manufacturing process as well as screen printing. The bio-sourced printed electrodes exhibit a high porosity value of 70% that limits the electrochemical performances. However, the calendering process enhances electrode performances by increasing the reversible capacity from 85 until 315 mAh/g and reducing porosity to an optimal value of 34%. Moreover the introduction of 2% w/w of monofluoro-ethylene carbonate in the electrolyte reduced their reversible capacity loss of 11% in the printed electrode.

关键词： Lithium ion batteries Flexible electrode Graphite Screen printing Cellulose Organic free solvent

Prevalence and incidence of intra-and extrahepatic complications of NAFLD in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus

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Hepatoma Research 2020年第11期6卷 39-60页

作者： Alessandro Mantovani Giorgia Beatrice roberta Stupia Andrea Dalbeni Section of Endocrinology Diabetes and MetabolismUniversity and Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata of VeronaVerona 37126Italy Section of General Medicine Hypertension and Liver UnitUniversity and Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata of VeronaVerona 37126Italy

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD)is linked to abdominal obesity,insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM).The association of NAFLD with T2DM is *** fact,evidence suggests that abdominal obesity,T2DM and metabolic syndrome play a part in the development and progression of ***,NAFLD is associated with an increased risk of having T2DM and metabolic *** to this background,it is unsurprising that patients with T2DM patients also have a higher prevalence of NAFLD than those with no T2DM,as well as an increased risk of developing liver-related and extrahepatic complications,mainly cardiovascular and renal *** the relationship of NAFLD with insulin resistance,obesity and T2DM,recent consensus proposes a change in nomenclature from NAFLD to metabolic associated fatty liver *** this review,we will discuss the prevalence and incidence of NAFLD(as detected by imaging techniques or liver biopsy)in patients with type T2DM with particular regard to hepatic and extrahepatic complications.

关键词： Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease NASH metabolic associated fatty liver disease diabetes type 2 diabetes