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肠道真菌对造血干细胞移植临床结果的影响

肠道真菌对造血干细胞移植临床结果的影响

A REDUCED ORDER SCHWARZ METHOD FOR NONLINEAR MULTISCALE ELLIPTIC EQUATIONS BASED ON TWO-LAYER NEURAL NETWORKS

中国菌物学会2023年学术年会

作者：翟冰 Thierry Rolling Mihaela Ola Mergim Gjonbalaj Nicholas L.Tosini Keiko Yasuma Luigi A.Amoretti Emily Fontana roberta j.wright jonathan U.Peled Geraldine Butler Ying Taur Tobias M.Hohl 中国科学院深圳先进技术研究院合成生物学研究所斯隆凯特琳癌症研究中心都柏林大学生物分子与生物医学学院

人的肠道微生物群落由细菌、真菌、病毒等微生物共同组成,影响人体多种生理或病理过程。相较于细菌组分,目前对于人体肠道菌群中的真菌组分认识严重不足。我们通过将高精度分析算法引入真菌ITS序列分析,结合培养组学和比较基因组学分析... 详细信息

人的肠道微生物群落由细菌、真菌、病毒等微生物共同组成,影响人体多种生理或病理过程。相较于细菌组分,目前对于人体肠道菌群中的真菌组分认识严重不足。我们通过将高精度分析算法引入真菌ITS序列分析,结合培养组学和比较基因组学分析,建立了一套可靠的真菌菌群分析平台,并以此为基础对造血干细胞移植初期的患者肠道真菌动态变化进行时序性分析。结合临床数据,我们发现移植前后肠道真菌DNA的载量和多样性并无显著区别,但其组分发生了巨大变化,其中有近20%的患者在移植后免疫抑制期出现明显的近平滑念珠菌定植扩增,同时具有特殊的细菌菌群组分变化。尤为重要的是,具有近平滑念珠菌肠道定植的患者比其他患者具有显著恶化的总存活率,以及更高的真菌菌血症发生风险。通过比较念珠菌菌血症患者血液分离株和肠道分离株的全基因组序列,我们发现血液感染发生前一周左右,造成感染的菌株就已经在肠道中发生定植。综上所述,本项研究系统分析了造血干细胞移植过程中人体肠道真菌的动态变化,预示着精准干预肠道病原真菌的定植扩增可以有效预防血液感染,并提高患者总存活率。

关键词：真菌菌群造血干细胞移植真菌菌血症培养组学比较基因组学真菌细菌互作

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journal of Computational Mathematics 2024年第2期42卷 570-596页

作者： Shi Chen Zhiyan Ding Qin Li Stephen j.wright Mathematics Department University of Wisconsin-MadisonMadisonWI 53706USA Department of Mathematics University of California-BerkeleyBerkeley CA 94720USA Mathematics Department and Discovery Institute University of Wisconsin-Madison MadisonWI 53706USA Computer Sciences Department University of WisconsinMadisonWI 53706USA

Neural networks are powerful tools for approximating high dimensional data that have been used in many contexts,including solution of partial differential equations(PDEs).We describe a solver for multiscale fully nonlinear elliptic equations that makes use of domain decomposition,an accelerated Schwarz framework,and two-layer neural networks to approximate the boundary-to-boundarymap for the subdomains,which is the key step in the Schwarz ***,the boundary-to-boundary map requires solution of boundary-value elliptic problems on each *** leveraging the compressibility of multiscale problems,our approach trains the neural network offline to serve as a surrogate for the usual implementation of the boundary-to-boundary *** method is applied to a multiscale semilinear elliptic equation and a multiscale p-Laplace *** both cases we demonstrate significant improvement in efficiency as well as good accuracy and generalization performance.

关键词： Nonlinear homogenization Multiscale elliptic problem Neural networks Do-main decomposition

Reviewing the Safe Shipping of Lithium-Ion and Sodium-Ion Cells:A Materials Chemistry Perspective

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Energy Material Advances 2021年第1期2021卷 1-12页

作者： Ashish Rudola Christopher j.wright jerry Barker Faradion Limited The Innovation Centre217 PortobelloSheffield S14DPUK

High energy density lithium-ion(Li-ion)batteries are commonly used *** decades’worth of intense research has led to a good understanding on several aspects of such ***,the issue of their safe storage and transportation is still not widely understood from a materials chemistry *** international regulations require Li-ion cells to be shipped at 30%SOC(State of Charge)or *** this article,the reasons behind this requirement for shipping Li-ion batteries are firstly reviewed and then compared with those of the analogous and recently commercialized sodium-ion(Na-ion)*** such alkali-ion batteries,the safest state from their active materials viewpoint is at 0V or zero energy,and this should be their ideal state for storage/***,a“fully discharged”Li-ion cell used most commonly,composed of graphitebased anode on copper current collector,is not actually at 0V at its rated 0%SOC,contrary to what one might expect—the detailed mechanism behind the reason for this,namely,copper dissolution,and how it negatively affects cycling performance and cell safety,will be summarized *** will be shown that Na-ion cells,capable of using a lighter and cheaper aluminum current collector on the anode,can actually be safely discharged to 0V(true 0%SOC)and beyond,even to reverse polarity(negative voltages).It is anticipated that this article spurs further research on the 0V capability of Na-ion systems,with some suggestions for future studies provided.

关键词： cycling summarized alkali

21-Component compositionally complex ceramics: Discovery of ultrahigh-entropy weberite and fergusonite phases and a pyrochlore–weberite transition

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journal of Advanced Ceramics 2022年第4期11卷 641-655页

作者： Mingde QIN Heidy VEGA Dawei ZHANG Sarath ADAPA Andrew j.wright Renkun CHEN jian LUO Department of Nano Engineering University of California San DiegoLa Jolla 92093USA Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of California San DiegoLa Jolla 92093USA Program of Materials Science and Engineering University of California San DiegoLa Jolla 92093USA Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering University of California San DiegoLa Jolla 92093USA

Two new high-entropy ceramics(HECs)in the weberite and fergusonite structures,along with the unexpected formation of ordered pyrochlore phases with ultrahigh-entropy compositions and an abrupt pyrochlore–weberite transition,are discovered in a 21-component oxide *** the Gibbs phase rule allows 21 equilibrium phases,9 out of the 13 compositions examined possess single HEC phases(with ultrahigh ideal configurational entropies:~2.7kB per cation or higher on one sublattice in most cases).Notably,(15RE_(1/15))(Nb_(1/2)Ta_(1/2))O_(4) possess a single monoclinic fergusonite(C2/c)phase,and(15RE_(1/15))_(3)(Nb_(1/2)Ta_(1/2))_(1)O_(7) form a single orthorhombic(C222_(1))weberite phase,where 15RE_(1/15) represents Sc_(1/15)Y_(1/15)La_(1/15)Pr_(1/15)Nd_(1/15)Sm_(1/15)Eu_(1/15)Gd_(1/15)Tb_(1/15)Dy_(1/15)Ho_(1/15)Er_(1/15)Tm_(1/15) Yb_(1/15)Lu_(1/15).Moreover,a series of eight(15RE_(1/15))_(2+x)(Ti_(1/4)Zr_(1/4)Ce_(1/4)Hf_(1/4))_(2−2x)(Nb_(1/2)Ta_(1/2))_(x)O_(7) specimens all exhibit single phases,where a pyrochlore–weberite transition occurs within 0.75

关键词： compositionally complex ceramics high-entropy ceramics(HECs) weberite pyrochlore fergusonite ultrahigh-entropy ceramics many-component ceramics

Mechanical environment for in vitro cartilage tissue engineering assisted by in silico models

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Biomaterials Translational 2023年第1期4卷 18-26页

作者： Rob jess Tao Ling Yi Xiong Chris j.wright Feihu Zhao Department of Computing Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHong Kong Special Administrative RegionChina

Mechanobiological study of chondrogenic cells and multipotent stem cells for articular cartilage tissue engineering(CTE)has been widely *** mechanical stimulation in terms of wall shear stress,hydrostatic pressure and mechanical strain has been applied in CTE in *** has been found that the mechanical stimulation at a certain range can accelerate the chondrogenesis and articular cartilage tissue *** review explicitly focuses on the study of the influence of the mechanical environment on proliferation and extracellular matrix production of chondrocytes in vitro for *** multidisciplinary approaches used in previous studies and the need for in silico methods to be used in parallel with in vitro methods are also *** information from this review is expected to direct facial CTE research,in which mechanobiology has not been widely explored yet.

关键词： cartilage tissue engineering in silico modelling mechanical stimulation mechanobiology

So What’s the Big Deal With Information Literacy in the United States?

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图书情报知识 2010年第5期27卷 26-31页

作者： Alease j.wright New Horizons Information Age Services Springdale MD USA

2010年7月13日,"国际大学生信息素养能力邀请赛"在武汉大学成功举办。本次邀请赛的主题是"信息沟通世界:培育未来信息职业的领导者"。"邀请赛"是武汉大学首届学生社团国际交流营(2010年7月11～18日)的活动之一,也是武汉大学信息管理学... 详细信息

2010年7月13日,"国际大学生信息素养能力邀请赛"在武汉大学成功举办。本次邀请赛的主题是"信息沟通世界:培育未来信息职业的领导者"。"邀请赛"是武汉大学首届学生社团国际交流营(2010年7月11～18日)的活动之一,也是武汉大学信息管理学院信息职业领导力夏季研究班(2010年7月12～14日)的活动之一。活动期间特邀请了信息素养教育领域的专家授课;美洲、欧洲和亚洲不同国家和地区的多所大学共选派30名选手参加了比赛,并通过听课、撰写论文以及讨论等方式,围绕信息素养进行了学习和探讨。竞赛与课程的内容丰富了学员的信息素养知识,提升了学员的信息素养能力。现将其授课与讨论的主要内容刊出,以飨读者。

关键词：信息素养能力国际交流大学生 the With 2010年 So 专题

Global leaf nitrogen and phosphorus stoichiometry and their scaling exponent

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National Science Review 2018年第5期5卷 728-739页

作者： Di Tian Zhengbing Yan Karl j.Niklas Wenxuan Han jens Kattge Peter B.Reich Yongkai Luo Yahan Chen Zhiyao Tang Huifeng Hu Ian j.wright Bernhard Schmid jingyun Fang Institute of Ecology College of Urban and Environmental Sciencesand Key Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes of the Ministry of EducationPeking University Max-Planck-Institute for Biogeochemistry State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of Sciences College of Life Sciences Capital Normal University Department of Plant Biology Cornell University Department of Forest Resources University of Minnesota Department of Biological Sciences Macquarie UniversitySydneyNSW 2109Australia10 Department of Evolutionary Biology and Environmental StudiesUniversity of Zurich Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment Western Sydney University Key Laboratory of Plant-Soil Interactions Ministry of EducationCollege of Resources and Environmental SciencesChina Agricultural University

Leaf nitrogen(N) and phosphorus(P) concentrations constrain photosynthetic and metabolic processes,growth and the productivity of plants. Their stoichiometry and scaling relationships regulate the allocation of N and P from subcellular to organism, and even ecosystem levels, and are crucial to the modelling of plant growth and nutrient cycles in terrestrial ecosystems. Prior work has revealed a general biogeographic pattern of leaf N and P stoichiometric relationships and shown that leaf N scales roughly as two-thirds the power of P. However, determining whether and how leaf N and P stoichiometries, especially their scaling exponents, change with functional groups and environmental conditions requires further verification. In this study, we compiled a global data set and documented the global leaf N and P concentrations and the N:P ratios by functional group, climate zone and continent. The global overall mean leaf N and P concentrations were 18.9 mg gand 1.2 mg g, respectively, with significantly higher concentrations in herbaceous than woody plants(21.72 mg gvs. 18.22 mg gfor N; and 1.64 mg gvs. 1.10 mg gfor P). Both leaf N and P showed higher concentrations at high latitudes than low latitudes. Among six continents, Europe had the highest N and P concentrations(20.79 and 1.54 mg g) and Oceania had the smallest values(10.01 and 0.46 mg g). These numerical values may be used as a basis for the comparison of other individual studies. Further, we found that the scaling exponent varied significantly across different functional groups,latitudinal zones, ecoregions and sites. The exponents of herbaceous and woody plants were 0.659 and0.705, respectively, with significant latitudinal patterns decreasing from tropical to temperate to boreal zones. At sites with a sample size ≥10, the values fluctuated from 0.366 to 1.928, with an average of *** factors including the intrinsic attributes of different life forms, P-related growth rates and relative nutrient availa

关键词： leaf nitrogen phosphorus stoichiometry scaling exponent functional group biogeography

Nanoscale viscoelastic properties and adhesion of polydimethylsiloxane for tissue engineering

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Acta Mechanica Sinica 2014年第1期30卷 2-6页

作者： j.Chen K.E.wright M.A.Birch School of Mechanical & Systems Engineering Newcastle University Arthritis Research UK (ARUK) Tissue Engineering Centre Institute of Cellular MedicineNewcastle UniversityUK Research UK (ARUK) Tissue Engineering Centre Institute of Cellular MedicineNewcastle UniversityUK St james’ University Hospital University of Leeds UK

It has shown that altering crosslink density of biopolymers will regulate the morphology of Mesenchymal Stem Cells （MSCs） and the subsequent MSCs differentia- tion. These observations have been found in a wide range of biopolymers. However, a recent work published in Nature Materials has revealed that MSCs morphology and differen- tiation was unaffected by crosslink density of polydimethyl- siloxane （PDMS）, which remains elusive. To understand such unusual behaviour, we use nanoindentation tests and modelling to characterize viscoelastic properties and sur- face adhesion of PDMS with different base：crosslink ratio varied from 50：1 （50D） to 10：1 （10D）. It has shown that lower crosslink density leads to lower elastic moduli. De- spite lower nanoindentation elastic moduli, PDMS with lowest crosslink density has higher local surface adhesion which would affect cell-biomaterials interactions. This work suggests that surface adhesion is likely another important physical cue to regulate cell-biomaterials interactions.

关键词： Bioploymer- Nanoindentation- Viscoelasticity Surface adhesion

孔隙—流体接触面上反射系数与偏移距的函数关系

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石油物探译丛 1988年第5期 82-85页

作者： j.wright 曹志斌

前言我们已经认识到与偏移距有关的地震振幅变化包含着岩性情况和孔隙——流体情况。但是,根据几种地质模型预测的结果却很难说明计算平面波反射系数的精确公式。一种岩石地层单位中的流体相互接触时(在地震资料上可能显示为“平点”)... 详细信息

前言我们已经认识到与偏移距有关的地震振幅变化包含着岩性情况和孔隙——流体情况。但是,根据几种地质模型预测的结果却很难说明计算平面波反射系数的精确公式。一种岩石地层单位中的流体相互接触时(在地震资料上可能显示为“平点”),简化的近似计算公式能用于预测纵波(P)和横波(S)的反射系数。本文所推导的公式(假设孔隙——流体的变化不影响岩石基质的弹性性质)表明,气——盐水、气——油或油——盐水接触时 P 波和 S 波的反射系数随着偏移距的增加而单调增加;而且表明当气——盐水接触时,这两种波的反射系数之比对含气饱和度反应敏感。

关键词：偏移距含气饱和度地震资料横波速度波的反射岩石地层单位波反射地质模型精确公式弹性性质