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Tackling the challenge of controlling the spin with electric field

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National Science Review 2021年第2期8卷 8-9页

作者： roberta Sessoli dipartimento di Chimica ‘Ugo Schiff’ & INSTM RU Università degli Studi di Firenze

Electric(E) fields are commonly employed to control magnetization in some classes of materials such as ***, the extreme confinement of the electric field, for instance under the tip of a scanning tunnel microscope,makes it an ideal tool to manipulate individual spins, generating interest in spins as potential quantum bits. Spins are in fact intrinsic quantum systems that can be manipulated easily by means of pulses of electromagnetic microwaves, as commonly done in magnetic resonance spectroscopies. Although the coupling usually involves the magnetic field of microwaves,

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Nitrogen Release from Slow-Release Fertilizers in Soils with different Microbial Activities

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Pedosphere 2018年第2期28卷 332-340页

作者： Pierfrancesco NARdi Ulderico NERI Giovanni di MATTEO Alessandra TRINCHERA Rosario NAPOLI roberta FARINA Guntur V. SUBBARAO Anna BENEDETTI CREA-Council for Agricultural Research and Economics Research Center for Agriculture and Environment Via della Navicella 2Rome 00184 (Italy) Japan International Research Center for Agricultural Sciences (JIRCAS) Tsukuba 305-8686 (Japan)

Soil microbial activity is recognized as an important factor affecting nitrogen (N) release from slow-release fertilizers. However,studies on the effect of size and activity of soil microflora on fertilizer degradation have provided contrasting results. To date, no clear relationships exist between soil microbial activity and the release of N from slow-release fertilizers. Hence, the aim of this study was to better understand such relationships by determining the release of N from three slow-release fertilizers in soils with different microbial activities. Soils were amended with urea-formaldehyde (UF), isobutylidene diurea (IBDU), and crotonylidene diurea (CDU). Urea, a soluble fertilizer, was used as the control. Fertilized soil samples were placed in a leaching system, and the release of N was determined by measuring ammonium-N and nitrate-N concentrations in leachates during 90 d of incubation. Non-linear regression was used to fit N leaching rate to a first-order model. In all the treated soils, N was released in the order: urea (89%–100%) > IBDU (59%–94%) >UF (46%–73%) > CDU (44%–56%). At the end of incubation, N released from CDU did not differ (P > 0.05) among soils. On the contrary, UF and IBDU released significantly lower (P dicated that soil microbial size and microbial activity had a marginal effect on fertilizer mineralization.

关键词： ammonium-N crotonylidene diurea isobutylidene diurea nitrate-N non-linear regression urea-formaldehyde

Clinical significance of glycemic parameters on venous thromboembolism risk prediction in gastrointestinal cancer

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2017年第28期23卷 5187-5195页

作者： Fiorella Guadagni Silvia Riondino Vincenzo Formica Girolamo Del monte Anna Maria Morelli Jessica Lucchetti Antonella Spila roberta D’Alessandro David Della-Morte Patrizia Ferroni Mario Roselli San Raffaele Roma Open University Interinstitutional Multidisciplinary Biobank IRCCS San Raffaele Pisana Department of Systems Medicine Medical Oncology UnitTor Vergata Clinical CenterUniversity of Rome Tor Vergata Department of Palliative Care San Raffaele CassinoClinical Center Department of Systems Medicine University of Rome Tor Vergata

To investigate the possible predictive role of routinely used glycemic parameters for a first venous thromboembolism (VTE) episode in gastrointestinal (GI) cancer ambulatory patients - with or without clinically diagnosed type 2 diabetes (T2D) or obesity - treated with ***-treatment fasting blood glucose, insulin, glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) and homeostasis model of risk assessment (HOMA) were retrospectively evaluated in a cohort study of 342 GI cancer patients. Surgery was performed in 142 (42%) patients with primary cancer, 30 (21%) and 112 (79%) of whom received neoadjuvant and adjuvant therapies, respectively. First-line chemotherapy was administered in 200 (58%) patients with metastatic disease. The study outcome was defined as the occurrence of a first symptomatic or asymptomatic VTE episode during active *** glucose tolerance (IGT) or T2D were diagnosed in 30% of GI cancer patients, while overweight/obesity had an incidence of 41%. VTE occurred in 9.4% of patients (7% of non-diabetic non-obese), especially in those with a high ECOG score (P = 0.025). No significant association was found between VTE incidence and T2D, obesity, different tumor types, metastatic disease, Khorana class of risk, or different anti-cancer drugs, although VTE rates were substantially higher in patients receiving bevacizumab (17% vs 8%, P = 0.044). Conversely, all glucose metabolic indexes were associated with increased VTE risk at ROC analysis. Multivariate Cox proportional analyses confirmed that HOMA index (HR = 4.13, 95%CI: 1.63-10.5) or fasting blood glucose (HR = 3.56, 95%CI: 1.51-8.39) were independent predictors of VTE occurrence during *** results here reported demonstrate that evaluating glucose metabolic asset may allow for VTE risk stratification in GI cancer, helping to identify chemotherapy-treated patients who might benefit from thromboprophylaxis. Further multicenter prospective studies involv

关键词： Gastrointestinal cancer Type 2 diabetes Venous thromboembolism Chemotherapy Insulin resistance

α-Synuclein oligomers and fibrils:partners in crime in synucleinopathies

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Neural Regeneration Research 2023年第11期18卷 2332-2342页

作者： Alessandra Bigi roberta Cascella Cristina Cecchi Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences Section of BiochemistryUniversity of FlorenceFlorenceItaly

The misfolding and aggregation of a-synuclein is the general hallmark of a group of devastating neurodegenerative pathologies referred to as synucleinopathies,such as Parkinson’s disease,dementia with Lewy bodies,and multiple system *** such conditions,a range of different misfolded aggregates,including oligomers,protofibrils,and fibrils,are present both in neurons and glial *** expe rimental evidence supports the proposition that solu ble oligomeric assemblies,formed during the early phases of the aggregation process,are the major culprits of neuronal toxicity;at the same time,fibrillar confo rmers appear to be the most efficient at propagating among interconnected neurons,thus contributing to the spreading ofα-synuclein ***,α-synuclein fibrils have been recently repo rted to release soluble and highly toxic oligomeric species,responsible for an immediate dysfunction in the recipient *** this review,we discuss the current knowledge about the plethora of mechanisms of cellular dysfunction caused byα-synuclein oligome rs and fibrils,both contributing to neurodegeneration in synucleinopathies.

关键词： amyloid aggregation neurodegeneration Parkinson’s disease protein aggregation protein misfolding

Tumors of ampulla of Vater: A case series and review of chemotherapy options

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2012年第3期4卷 60-67页

作者： Adriana Romiti Viola Barucca Angelo Zullo Ida Sarcina roberta di Rocco Chiara D'Antonio Marco Latorre Paolo Marchetti Oncology Unit University "La Sapienza" Sant'Andrea Hospital via di Grottarossa 1035 00189 Rome Italy Gastroenterology and digestive Endoscopy "Nuovo Regina Margherita" Hospital via Morosini 30 00185 Rome Italy Department of General Surgery University "La Sapienza" Sant'Andrea Hospital via di Grottarossa 1035 00189 Rome Italy

Carcinomas of the Ampulla of Vater are rare tumors, accounting for 0.2% of gastrointestinal cancers. Compared with other biliary tract neoplasms, these tumors have a relatively favorable prognosis after surgical resection. Based on their epithelium of origin, two subtypes of ampullary carcinoma have been recently distinguished: intestinal and pancreatobiliary. This study evaluates histopathological features and outcomes of ampullary carcinoma and to compares the survival of these tumors to that of other biliary tract tumors. The chemotherapic options available for ampullary cancer are also reviewed. We analyzed data from 20 consecutive patients with ampullary carcinomas and 26 patients with other biliary tract carcinomas, observed in our Institution. Statistical analysis was performed by using either Fisher's exact test or χ2 test for categorical variables. Median time of survival was calculated and compared using the Log-Rank test. Similar distribution of demographic characteristics and stage between ampullary and other biliary tract cancers was observed. Patients with ampullary cancer underwent surgery more frequently than other biliary cancers while chemotherapy and radiotherapy were used equally. In accordance with the literature, a longer median survival was observed in the group of ampullary carcinomas.

关键词： Ampullary carcinoma Chemotherapy Radiotherapy Biliary tract cancer

Role of abdominal ultrasound for the surveillance follow-up of pancreatic cystic neoplasms: a cost-effective safe alternative to the routine use of magnetic resonance imaging

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2019年第18期25卷 2217-2228页

作者： Luca Morelli Simone Guadagni Valerio Borrelli roberta Pisano Gregorio di Franco Matteo Palmeri Niccolò Furbetta Dario Gambaccini Santino Marchi Piero Boraschi Luca Bastiani Alessandro Campatelli Franco Mosca Giulio di Candio General Surgery Unit Department of Surgery Translational and New Technologies in Medicine University of Pisa EndoCAS (Center for Computer Assisted Surgery) University of Pisa diagnostic and Interventional Ultrasound in Transplants Unit Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Pisana Gastroenterology Unit University of Pisa 2~(nd) Radiology Unit Department of Diagnostic Imaging Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Pisana Institute of Clinical Physiology National Council of Research

BACKGROUND Patients with pancreatic cystic neoplasms(PCN), without surgical indication at the time of diagnosis according to current guidelines, require lifetime imagebased surveillance follow-up. In these patients, the current European evidencedbased guidelines advise magnetic resonance imaging(MRI) scanning every 6 mo in the first year, then annually for the next five years, without reference to any role for trans-abdominal ultrasound(US). In this study, we report on our clinical experience of a follow-up strategy of image-based surveillance with US, and restricted use of MRI every two years and for urgent evaluation whenever suspicious changes are detected by *** To report the results and cost-efficacy of a US-based surveillance follow-up for known PCNs, with restricted use of *** We retrospectively evaluated the records of all the patients treated in our institution with non-surgical PCN who received follow-up abdominal US and restricted MRI from the time of diagnosis, between January 2012 and January 2017. After US diagnosis and MRI confirmation, all patients underwent US surveillance every 6 mo for the first year, and then annually. A MRI scan was routinely performed every 2 years, or at any stage for all suspicious US *** this communication, we reported the clinical results of this alternative followup, and the results of a comparative cost-analysis between our surveillance protocol(abdominal US and restricted MRI) and the same patient cohort that has been followed-up in strict accordance with the European guidelines recommended for an exclusive MRI-based surveillance *** In the 5-year period, 200 patients entered the prescribed US-restricted MRI surveillance follow-up. Mean follow-up period was 25.1 ± 18.2 mo. Surgery was required in two patients(1%) because of the appearance of suspicious features at imaging(with complete concordance between the US scan and the on-demand MRI). During the follow-up, US revealed changes in PCN

关键词： Ultrasound Pancreatic cystic neoplasms Magnetic resonance imaging Surveillance

Management of patients with melanoma and non-melanoma skin cancers in the coronavirus disease 2019 era

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Chinese Medical Journal 2020年第17期133卷 2017-2019页

作者： Claudio Conforti Nicola di Meo roberta Giuffrida Iris Zalaudek Department of Dermatology and Venereology Dermatology ClinicUniversity of TriesteTriesteItaly Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine Section of DermatologyUniversity of MessinaMessinaItaly

The recent coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)pandemic has completely disrupted hospital and outpatient activities.[1,2]It has been reorganized to allow a lower inflow of patients,to reduce non-urgent out-patient visits and to concentrate public health forces in the fight against the COVID-19 *** this reorganization,dermatology departments have also adapted their activities suspending routine patient visits and providing only urgent surgical removal,urgent visits,consultations,and oncological examinations.

关键词： patients routine melanoma

Omega-3 fatty acids for the treatment of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2012年第41期18卷 5839-5847页

作者： Matteo Nicola Dario di Minno Anna Russolillo roberta Lupoli Pasquale Ambrosino Alessandro di Minno Giovanni Tarantino Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine Regional Reference Centre for Coagulation Disorders"Federico II" University80131 NaplesItaly Department of Endocrinology and Oncology "Federico II" University80131 NaplesItaly

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease （NAFLD） has been recognized as a major health burden. It is the most important cause of chronic liver disease and a major in- dependent cardiovascular risk factor. Lacking a definite treatment for NAFLD, a specific diet and an increase in physical activity represent the most commonly used therapeutic approaches. In this review, major literature data about the use of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty ac- ids （n-3 PUFAs） as a potential treatment of NAFLD have been described, n-3 PUFAs, besides having a beneficial impact on most of the cardio-metabolic risk factors （hy- pertension, hyperlipidemia, endothelial dysfunction and atherosclerosis） by regulating gene transcription factors [i.e., peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor （PPAR） cz, PPARy, sterol regulatory element-binding protein-i, carbohydrate responsive element-binding protein], im- pacts both lipid metabolism and on insulin sensitivity. In addition to an enhancement of hepatic beta oxidation and a decrease of the endogenous lipid production, n-3 PUFAs are able to determine a significant reduction of the expression of pro-inflammatory molecules （tumor necrosis factor-~ and interleukin-6） and of oxygen reac- tive species. Further strengthening the results of the in vitro studies, both animal models and human interven- tion trials, showed a beneficial effect of n-3 PUFAs on the severity of NAFLD as expressed by laboratory pa- rameters and imaging measurements. Despite available results provided encouraging data about the efficacy of n-3 PUFAs as a treatment of NAFLD in humans, well- designed randomized controlled trials of adequate size and duration, with histological endpoints, are needed to assess the long-term safety and efficacy of PUFA, as well as other therapies, for the treatment of NAFLD and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis patients. It is worthwhile to consider that n-3 PUFAs cannot be synthesized by the human body and must be derived from exogenous sources （fish oil, flax

关键词： Hepatic steatosis Non-alcoholic fatty liverdisease Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids Animalmodels

Solvability of the dirichlet Problem in W^(2,p )for a Class of Elliptic Equations with Singular Data

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Acta Mathematica Sinica,English Series 2014年第5期30卷 737-746页

作者： Loredana CASO roberta D'AMBROSIO Maria TRANSIRICO dipartimento di Matematica Universit`a di SalernoVia Giovanni Paolo II 132I - 84084 Fisciano (SA) Italy

We prove an existence and uniqueness result for the dirichlet problem for a class of elliptic equations with singular data in weighted Sobolev spaces.

关键词： Elliptic equations a priori estimates uniqueness and existence results weighted spaces