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Trends in yeast diversity discovery

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Fungal diversity 2022年第3期114卷 491-537页

作者： Teun Boekhout Anthony s.Amend Fouad El Baidouri Toni Gabaldón József Geml Moritz Mittelbach Vincent robert Chen shuhui Tan Benedetta Turchetti duong Vu Qi-Ming Wang Andrey Yurkov Westerdijk Institute of Fungal Biodiversity Uppsalalaan 83584CT UtrechtThe Netherlands Institute of Biodiversity and Ecosystems dynamics(IBEd) University of AmsterdamSciencepark 9041098 XH AmsterdamThe Netherlands school of Life sciences University of Hawaii at Manoa2538 McCarthy MallEdmonson 216HonoluluHI 96822USA Barcelona supercomputing Centre(BsC-Cns) Jordi Girona2908034 BarcelonaSpain Institute for Research in Biomedicine(IRB Barcelona) The Barcelona Institute of Science and TechnologyBaldiri Reixac1008028 BarcelonaSpain Catalan Institution for Research and Advanced studies(ICREA) BarcelonaSpain MTA-EKE Lendület Environmental Microbiome Research Group Eszterházy Károly UniversityLeányka u.6.3300 EgerHungary s.nate department for the Environment Transport and Climate ProtectionBerlinGermany The Yeasts Foundation UtrechtThe Netherlands department of Agriculture Food and Environmental SciencesUniversity of PerugiaPerugiaItaly Industrial Yeasts Collection dBVPG University of PerugiaPerugiaItaly College of Life sciences Institute of Life Sciences and Green DevelopmentHebei UniversityBaoding 071002HebeiChina Leibniz Institute dsMZ-German Collection of Microorganisms and Cell Cultures BrunswickGermany

Yeasts,usually defined as unicellular fungi,occur in various fungal ***,they are not a taxonomic unit,but rather repres.nt a fungal lifestyle shared by several unrelated *** the discovery of new yeast species occurs at an increas.ng speed,at the current rate it will likely take hundreds of years,if ever,before they will all be *** parts of the earth,including many threatened habitats,remain unsampled for yeasts and many others are only superficially *** habitats,such as glaciers,are home to a specific community of cold-adapted yeasts,and,hence,there is some urgency to study such environments at locations where they might disappear soon due to anthropogenic climate *** same is true for yeast communities in various.natural forests that are impacted by deforestation and forest *** countries of the so-called Global south have not been sampled for yeasts,despite their economic ***,extensive research activity in Asia,especially China,has yielded many taxonomic *** genomics stud-ies have demonstrated the pres.nce of yeast species with a hybrid origin,many of them isolated from clinical or industrial ***-metabarcoding studies have demonstrated the prevalence,and in some cases dominance,of yeast species in soils and marine waters worldwide,including some surpris.ng distributions,such as the unexpected and likely common pres.nce of Malassezia yeasts in marine habitats.

关键词： Yeasts Ascomycota Basidiomycota diversity CBd nagoya protocol soil dnA-metabarcoding Marine Malassezia Cold environments China

Post-weaning and whole-of-life performance of pigs is determined by live weight at weaning and the complexity of the diet fed after weaning

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Animal nutrition 2017年第4期3卷 372-379页

作者： Cherie L.Collins John R.Pluske Rebecca s.Morris.n Trevor n.Mcdonald robert J.smits david J.Henman Ingunn stensland Frank R.dunshea Rivalea Australia Pty Ltd school of Veterinary and Life sciences Murdoch University Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural sciences The University of Melbourne

The production performance and financial outcomes associated with weaner diet complexity for pigs of different weight classes at weaning were examined in this experiment. A total of 720 weaner pigs(360 entire males and 360 females) were selected at weaning(27 ± 3 d) and allocated to pens of 10 based on individual weaning weight(light weaning weight: pigs below 6.5 kg; medium weaning weight: 6.5 to8 kg; heavy weaning weight: above 8.5 kg). Pens were then allocated in a 3 x 2 x 2 factorial arrangement of treatments with the respective factors being weaning weight(heavy, medium and light; H, M and L,respectively), weaner diet complexity(high complexity/cost, HC; low complexity/cost, LC), and gender(male and female). Common diets were fed to both treatment groups during the final 4 weeks of the weaner period(a period of 39 days). In the first 6 d after weaning, pigs offered the HC diets gained weight faster and used feed more efficiently than those offered the LC diets(P = 0.031). Pigs fed a HC diet after weaning tended to be heavier at the sale live weight of 123 d of age compared with pigs fed the LC diet(P = 0.056). There were no other main effects of the feeding program on growth performance through to slaughter. Weaning weight had a profound influence on lifetime growth performance and weight at 123 d of age, with H pigs at weaning increas.ng their weight advantage over the M and L pigs(101.3,97.1, 89.6 kg respectively, P st-benefit analyses suggested there was a minimal benefit in terms of cost per unit live weight gain over lifetime when pigs were offered a HC feeding program to L,with a lower feed cost/kg gain. The results from this investigation confirm the impact of weaning weight on lifetime growth performance, and suggest that a HC feeding program should be focused on L weaner pigs(i.e., weaning weight less than 6.5 kg at 27 d of age) in order to maximise financial returns.

关键词： Pigs Performance diet complexity Weaning weight Carcass characteristics Cost benefit analyses

2012-2023年淄博市H3n2亚型流感病毒血凝素基因特征分析

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病毒学报 2024年第5期40卷 1082-1087页

作者：刘超许进张群李蕾桑潇王勤淄博市疾病预防控制中心淄博255400

了解2012-2023年10个流感监测年度淄博市分离的流感病毒H3n2亚型血凝素(Hemagglutintin,HA)基因及氨基酸变异特征,为流感的防控提供理论依据。对淄博市2012-2023年分离到的39株H3n2流感毒株HA基因进行测序,利用生物信息软件对测序结果... 详细信息

了解2012-2023年10个流感监测年度淄博市分离的流感病毒H3n2亚型血凝素(Hemagglutintin,HA)基因及氨基酸变异特征,为流感的防控提供理论依据。对淄博市2012-2023年分离到的39株H3n2流感毒株HA基因进行测序,利用生物信息软件对测序结果进行进化分析和抗原变异分析。2012-2023年淄博市测序H3n2亚型流感分离株A、B、C、E等四个抗原区均有氨基酸发生变异,d区相对保守,未检测到变异;2012-2016年部分毒株受体结合位点左壁发生n225d变异,2016-2023年所有毒株左壁均发生n225d突变,2016-2023年部分毒株前壁发生T131K变异,2019-2020年部分毒株前壁发生T135K、s137F变异,其余位点未发生变异;与WHO推荐的相应年度参考疫苗株相比,各年度的分离株均出现了糖基化位点增加或缺失现象,且多发生于A区抗原位点和受体结合位点前壁;全部分离株均位于3C分支,大部分年度流感流行株分支较为集中,但也存在某年度多分支流行情况;与参考疫苗株比较,2015-2016年度、2019-2020年度分离株与当年推荐疫苗株遗传距离较远。2012-2023年淄博市H3n2亚型流感病毒HA基因表现出遗传多态性,在基因进化上呈现多分支进化特点,部分年度与当年WHO推荐疫苗株在基因水平上有一定遗传距离,提示抗原匹配程度可能降低,应密切关注流感病毒基因变异情况,为流感疫情防控和疫苗的筛选提供科学依据。

关键词： H3n2流感病毒血凝素受体结合位点进化

sARs-COV-2 infection(coronavirus disease 2019)for the gastrointestinal consultant

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2020年第14期26卷 1546-1553页

作者： Kaveh Hajifathalian srihari Mahadev robert E schwartz shawn shah Kartik sampath Felice schnoll-sussman robert s Brown Jr david Carr-Locke david E Cohen Reem Z sharaiha division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Weill Cornell MedicineNew York-Presbyterian HospitalNew YorkNY 10021United States

The current pandemic due to the severe acute respiratory s.ndrome coronavirus 2 has caused an extreme burden for health care systems globally,and the number of cases is expected to continue to increase,at least in the immediate *** virus is estimated to have infected more than 1.5 million *** available reports suggest that gastrointestinal(GI)involvement in coronavirus disease 2019(COVId-19)is common and in some cases the GI symptoms may precede the respiratory *** addition to direct effects of severe acute respiratory s.ndrome coronavirus 2,the infected patients remain at risk for the complications commonly managed by gastroenterology and hepatology *** most commonly reported GI manifestation of COVId-19 is diarrhea,which is reported in a third to up to more than half of the *** to moderate elevation of the liver enzymes are also common,although no case of acute liver failure has been reported so *** of the medications used for treatment of COVId-19 can also be associated with GI symptoms or liver injury and can be included in the differential diagnosis in these *** the diagnosis of the infection is currently based on RnA analysis in respiratory samples,the available literature on fecal shedding of this virus suggests that fecal RnA testing might prove to be a useful diagnostic *** is reas.nable to delay all non-urgent endoscopic procedures during the peak of the pandemic and use additional protective equipment such as.n95 respirators during endoscopy while most patients can be considered high risk for having been exposed to the virus.

关键词： sARs-CoV-2 COVId-19 Gastroenterology Hepatology Liver

Comprehensive evaluation of the metabolic effects of insect meal from Tenebrio molitor *** growing pigs by transcriptomics, metabolomics and lipidomics

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Journal of Animal science and Biotechnology 2020年第2期11卷 527-544页

作者： s.ndra Meyer denise K.Ges.ner Maria s.Braune Theresa Friedhoff Erika Most Marcus Höring Gerhard Liebisch Holger Zorn Klaus Eder robert Ringseis Institute of Animal nutrition and nutrition Physiology Justus Liebig University GiessenHeinrich-Buff-Ring 26-3235392 GiessenGiessenGermany Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine University Hospital of RegensburgFranz-Josef-Strauss-Allee 1193053 RegensburgGermany Institute of Food Chemistry and Food Biotechnology Justus Liebig University GiessenHeinrich-Buff-Ring 1735392 GiessenGiessenGermany Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology Winchester Str.235394 GiessenGiessenGermany

Background:The hypothesis was tested that insect meal(IM)as protein source influences intermediary metabolism of growing *** test this,30 male,5-week-old crossbred pigs were randomly assigned to 3 groups of 10 pigs each with similar body weights(BW)and fed is.nitrogenous diets either without(COn)or with 5%IM(IM5)or 10%IM(IM10)from Tenebrio molitor *** 4 weeks and key metabolic tissues(liver,muscle,plasma)were analyzed us.ng ***:Most performance parameters did not differ across the groups,whereas ileal digestibilities of most amino acids were 6.7 to 15.6%-units lower in IM10 than in COn(Pnscriptomics of liver and skeletal muscle revealed a total of 166 and 198,respectively,transcripts differentially expressed between IM10 and COn(Psma metabolomics revealed higher concentrations of alanine,citrulline,glutamate,proline,serine,tyros.ne and valine and a lower concentration of asparagine in IM10 than in COn(Pnly one out of fourteen quantifiable amino acid metabolites.namely methionine sulfoxide(Mets),in plasma was elevated by 45%and 71%in IM5 and IM10,respectively,compared to COn(Psma concentrations of both,major carnitine/acylcarnitine species and bile acids were not different across *** of liver and plasma demonstrated no differences in the concentrations of triacylglycerols,cholesterol and the main phospholipids,lysophospholipids and sphingolipids between *** percentages of all individual phosphatidylcholine(PC)and phosphatidylethanolamine(PE)species in the liver showed no differences between groups,except those with 6 double bonds(PC 38:6,PC 40:6,PE 38:6,PE 40:6),which were markedly lower in IM10 than in COn(Pn line with this,the percentage of C22:6n-3 in hepatic total lipids was lower in IM10 than in the other groups(Pnclusions:Comprehensive analyzes of the transcriptome,lipidome and metabolome of key metabolic tissues indicate that partial or complete replacement o

关键词： Animal nutrition Insect meal Lipidome Liver Metabolism Metabolome Pigs Plasma skeletal muscle Transcriptome

Global wild rice germplasm resources conservation alliance:World Wild-Rice Wiring

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Molecular Plant 2024年第4期17卷 516-518页

作者： Xiaoming Zheng disna Ratnasekera Jiayu Fan robert J.Henry Beng-Kah s.ng Kenneth M.Ols.n Bal Kris.na Joshi Maria Celeste n.Banaticla-Hilario Tonapha Pusadee Adane Getachew Melaku Yeyinou Laura Estelle Loko Koukham Vilayheuang Gavers K.Oppong samuel Aduse Poku Peters.n W.Wambugu s.ng Ge Aldo Merotto Junior Ohn Mar Aung Ramaiah Venuprasad Ajay Kohli Wenbin Zhou Qian Qian national Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement Institute of Crop SciencesChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100081China s.nya national Research Institute of Breeding in Hainan Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100081China International Rice Research Institute DAPO Box 7777Metro Manila 4031Philippines department of Agricultural Biology Faculty of AgricultureUniversity of RuhunaMatara 81000Sri Lanka Yazhouwan national Laboratory No.8 Huanjin RoadYazhou DistrictSanya CityHainan Province 572024China Hainan University Haikou 570228China ARC Centre of Excellence for Plant success in nature and Agriculture University of QueenslandBrisbaneQLD4072Australia school of science Monash University Malaysia47500 Bandar SunwaySelangor 47500Malaysia department of Biology Washington University in St.LouisSt.LouisMO 63130-4899USA national Agriculture Genetic Resources Center(Genebank) KhumaltarPO Box 3055KathmanduNepal Plant Biology division Insttute of Biological SciencesUniversity of the Pilippines Los BanosLos BanosLaguna 4031Philippines division of Agronomy Department of Plant and Soil SciencesFaculty of AgricultureChiang Mai UniversityChiang Mai 50200Thailand Bio and Emerging Technology Institute Addis Ababa 1165Ethiopia national University of sciences TechnologiesEngineering and Mathematics(UNSTIM)Dassa-ZouméBP 14Benin national Genebank Rice and Cash Crops Research CenterNAFRIVientiane 0605Lao PDR Plant sciences and the Bioeconomy Rothamsted ResearchHarpenden AL52JQUK UK Future Food Beacon of Excellence and school of Biosciences and University of nottingham Nottingham LE125RDUK department of Plant and Environmental Biology University of GhanaAccraGhana Kenya Agricultural and Livestock Research Organization Genetic Resources Research InstituteNairobi 00200Kenya Institute of Botany Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100093China Federal University of Rio Grande do sul UFRGSPorto Alegre 91501-970RSBrazil department of Agricultur

Wild relatives of crop are key genetic resources serving as diversity reservoirs for crop improvement under changing ***(Oryza sativa)is one of the most important crops in the world,providing staple food for half of the world's *** rice is thus a critical germplasm resource for sustained global food security,ensuring high production yields,improved quality,and stress resistance in the face of climate *** rice is closely related to domesticated rice and has a rich genetic diversity and exceptional adaptability to extreme *** has played a pivotal role in the history of rice hybridization and has become a key resource for rice breeding *** identification of wild-type cytoplasmic male sterility resources paved the way for the achievement of the“three lines”goal in hybrid rice,leading to a significant increase in rice *** addition,the use of resistance alleles found in wild rice is making rice production more resilient to losses caused by environmental ***,wild rice germplasm resources are threatened due to habitat destruction and other anthropogenic *** the same time,the lack of centralized distribution of wild rice has hampered the sharing of basic information on wild rice resources and the utilization and conservation of wild rice in each country,as well as collaboration among scientists.

关键词： germplasm breeding crops

Current status and Future Challenges of Weather Radar Polarimetry: Bridging the Gap between Radar Meteorology/Hydrology/Engineering and numerical Weather Prediction

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Advances in Atmospheric sciences 2019年第6期36卷 571-588页

作者： Guifu ZHAnG Vivek n.MAHALE Bryan J.PUTnAM Youcun QI Qing CAO Andrew d.BYRd Petar BUKOVCIC dus.n s.ZRnIC Jidong GAO Ming XUE Youngs.n JUnG Heather d.REEVEs Pamela L.HEInsELMAn AlexAnder RYZHKOV robert d.PALMER Pengfei ZHAnG Mark WEBER Greg M.MCFARQUHAR Berrien MOORE III Yan ZHAnG Jian ZHAnG J.VIVEKAnAndAn Yasser AL-RAsHId Richard L.ICE daniel s.BERKOWITZ Chong-chi TOnG Caleb FULTOn Richard J.dOVIAK University of Oklahoma nOAA/national Weather service Enterprise Electronics Corporation nOAA/national severe storms Laboratory national Center for Atmospheric Research Raytheon Company Radar Operations Center

After decades of research and development, the WsR-88 d(nEXRAd) network in the United states was upgraded with dual-polarization capability, providing polarimetric radar data(PRd) that have the potential to improve weather observations,quantification, forecasting, and warnings. The weather radar networks in China and other countries are also being upgraded with dual-polarization capability. now, with radar polarimetry technology having matured, and PRd available both nationally and globally, it is important to understand the current status and future challenges and opportunities. The potential impact of PRd has been limited by their oftentimes subjective and empirical use. More importantly, the community has.not begun to regularly derive from PRd the state parameters, such as water mixing ratios and number concentrations, used in numerical weather prediction(nWP) *** this review, we summarize the current status of weather radar polarimetry, discuss the issues and limitations of PRd usage, and explore potential approaches to more efficiently use PRd for quantitative precipitation estimation and forecasting based on statistical retrieval with physical constraints where prior information is used and observation error is included. This approach aligns the observation-based retrievals favored by the radar meteorology community with the model-based analysis of the nWP community. We also examine the challenges and opportunities of polarimetric phased array radar research and development for future weather observation.

关键词： weather radar polarimetry radar meteorology numerical weather prediction data assimilation microphysics parameterization forward operator

A note on Initial Value Problem for the Generalized Tricomi Equation in a Mixed-type domain

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Acta Mathematica s.nica,English series 2013年第8期29卷 1581-1596页

作者： Kang qun ZHAnG department of Mathematics and Physics Nanjing Institute of Technology

In this paper, we study the well-posedness of initial value problem for n-dimensional gener-alized Tricomi equation in the mixed-type domain {（t,x）：t∈[1,＋∞）,x∈Rn} with the initial data given on the line t=1 in Hadamard＇s s.nse. By taking partial Fourier transformation, we obtain the explicit expression of the solution in terms of two integral operators and further establish the global estimate of such a solution for a class of initial data and source term. Finally, we establish the global solution in time direction for a semilinear problem used the estimate.

关键词： Generalized Tricomi equation semilinear initial value problem mixed-type domain

social and Environmental Impacts of Maryland Oil Palm Plantations on Forests,Biodiversity,and Community Livelihoods in Liberia

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Journal of Agricultural science and Technology(A) 2024年第2期14卷 83-92页

作者： Richard n.sam samps.n Williams.nornor n.Bee dioh Flahn Community Rights and Corporate Governance Program Sustainable Development Institute(SDI)DuarzonRobert Field HighwayMargibi10 Liberia

Liberia holds 44.5% of the remaining portion of the Upper Guinean Rainforest in West Africa,which is home to critically endangered forest elephants and western *** forests are of vital importance for the livelihoods of millions of West Africans and provide key ecosystem services of local and global importance for food systems transformation and ***’s efforts toward land reform through legislation and policies recognise communities’rights to own and manage their customary lands and *** include the national Forestry Reform Law of 2006,the Community Rights Law Concerning Forest Lands of 2009,and the Land Rights Act of 2018,and *** May 2022,a program team from the sustainable development Institute(sdI)-Friends of the Earth Liberia researched the social and environmental impacts of Maryland Oil Palm Plantations(MOPPs)in ***-three(23)key informant interviews(KIIs)and 10 focus group discussions(FGds)were conducted in seven communities in and around the *** included farmers,contract workers,MOPP staff,local authorities,women and youth leaders,the Environmental Protection Agency(EPA)Inspector,the Civil society Head,and the Gender Coordinator of Maryland *** team cross-checked information with formal documents as much as possible and took photographs and global positioning system(GPs)locations of areas of deforestation,pollution,and *** team also used observation to monitor environmental pollution,such as affluent into water bodies and planting oil palm in *** team used narrative analysis and geospatial landscape analysis to analyze the *** research finds that land conflict and deforestation have several negative impacts on *** has.not respected land tenure rights or followed Free Prior and Informed Cons.nt(FPIC)standards,including resettlement without reparation and destruction of farms and old towns without(sufficient)compensation or *** MOPP land acquisiti

关键词： Biodiversity climate change community rights deforestation ecosystem services food security human rights land rights forest rights livelihood