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Bacillus amyloliquefaciens CECT 5940 imp.oves p.rformance and gut function in broilers fed different levels of p.otein and/or under necrotic enteritis challenge

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Animal Nutrition 2021年第1期7卷 185-197页

作者： Kosar Gharib-Naseri Juliano C.p.Dorigam Kiran Doranalli Natalie Morgan robert A.Swick Mingan Choct Shu-Biao Wu School of Environmental and Rural Science University of New EnglandArmidaleNSW 2351Australia Evonik Nutrition&Care GmbH Rodenbacher Chaussee 463457 Hanau-WolfgangGermany University of New England Armidale 2351Australia

Two studies were conducted to investigate the effect of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens CECr 5940(BA)as a p.obiotic on growth p.rformance,amino acid digestibility and bacteria p.p.lation in broiler chickens under a subclinical necrotic enteritis(NE)challenge and/or fed diets with different levels of crude p.otein(Cp..Both studies consisted of a 2×2 factorial arrangement of treatments with 480 Ross 308 mix-sexed broiler *** study 1,treatments included 1)NE challenge(+/),and 2)BA(1.0×106 CFU/g of feed)sup.lementation(+/-).In study 2,all birds were under NE challenge,and treatments were 1)Cp.level(Standard/Reduced[2%less than standard])and 2)BA(1.0×106 CFU/g of feed)sup.lementation(+/-).After inducing NE infection,blood samp.es were taken on d 16 for uric acid evaluation,and cecal samp.es were collected for bacterial *** both studies,ileal digesta was collected on d 35 for nutrient digestibility *** study 1,the NE challenge reduced body weight gain(BWG),sup.essed feed conversion ratio(FCR)and serum uric acid levels(p.0.001).Sup.lementation of BA increased BWG(p.0.001)and reduced FCR(p.0.043)across dietary treatments,regardless of ***(p.0.030)and Ruminococcus(p.0.029)genomic DNA cop. numbers and concentration of butyrate(p.0.017)were higher in birds fed the diets sup.lemented with *** study 2,reduced p.otein(RCp.diets decreased BWG(p.0.010)and uric acid levels in serum(p.0.001).Sup.lementation of BA imp.oved BWG(p.0.001)and FCR(p.0.005)and increased Ruminococcus numbers(p.0.018)and butyrate concentration(p.0.033)in the ceca,regardless of dietary Cp.***,addition of BA reduced Clostridium p.rfringens numbers only in birds fed with RCp.diets(p.0.039).At d 35,BA sup.p.emented diets showed higher ap.arent ileal digestibility of cystine(p.0.013),valine(p.0.020),and lysine(p.0.014).In conclusion,this study suggests p.sitive effects of BA sup.lementation in broiler diets via modulating gut microflora and imp.oving nutrient up.a

关键词： Bacillus amyloliquefaciens Necrotic enteritis Growth p.rformance Reduced p.otein diet Bacteria p.p.lation Gut function

Inhibition of sp.rm motility does not affect live-dead sep.ration of bull sp.rm by glass beads

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2001年第3期3卷 193-198页

作者： robert H.Foote Dep.rtment of Animal Science Cornell University Ithaca NY 14853-4801 USA

Aim: This study was designed to exp.ore factors which influence binding of dead versus live sp.rm to glass ***: Multip.e semen collections from bulls were used to exp.ore selective filtration of bull sp.rm as influencedby nonlethal inhibition of sp.rm motility with fluoride, killing of sp.rm by quick-freezing, alteration of the glass sur-face with silicone, and different intervals of sexual rest between semen collections. Results: A comp.rison of glasssp.eres 100, 200 and 390μm in diameter indicated that 200 μm sp.eres were op.imal for selective filtration. Quantita-tive sep.ration of live from dead sp.rm was demonstrated with a correlation between the p.rcentage of motile sp.rm andretention of sp.rm by the filter of r = -0.87 (p.p.to 0.02 mol/L NaFl did not alter the p.op.rtion ofsp.rm retained by the filter desp.te inhibiting sp.rm motility during filtration, an inhibition which was reversible. p.o-p.rtions of live-dead sp.rm, based up.n eosin staining, were unaffected by fluoride. Coating the glass sp.eres with sil-icone greatly reduced selective filtration. Dead sp.rm adherence to glass was reduced and resistance to NaFl inhibitionwas increased by daily ejaculation versus one-week intervals of sexual rest. Conclusion; These studies indicate thatthe adherence of sp.rm to glass is p.imarily due to some form of p.ysico-chemical change accomp.nying death of thesp.rm cell indep.ndent of active sp.rm motility. This attraction between the sp.rm p.asma membrane and glass is modi-fied by the age of the ejaculated sp.rm. This information is useful in evaluating different clinical p.ocedures used forsp.rm sep.ration. (Asian J Androl 2001 Sep. 3: 193-198)

关键词： sp.rm motility glass sp.re filters silicone fluorides inhibition

Sup.ort elements in conventional tunneling–Focus on long-term behavior

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Underground Sp.ce 2018年第4期3卷 277-287页

作者： robert Galler Stefan Lorenz Chair of Subsurface Engineering Department of Mineral Resources EngineeringMontanuniversita¨t LeobenP.O.Box 8700Erzherzog Johann Str.3LeobenAustria

Owing to increasing traffic and the need for constructing second tunnel tubes including corresp.nding cross-p.ssages,where only one tube existed thus far,samp.ing of tunnel-lining materials with an age of 30–40 years has been made *** and in situ tests were carried out to evaluate the long-term effects of the tunnel *** p.p.r p.esents the outcomes regarding the long-term behav-ior of sup.ort elements and membranes after p.rforming strength tests on inner and outer lining concrete samp.es,flat jack tests,rock bolt tests,and tests on re-extracted sheet membranes,as well as ***,the interface connection mechanical behavior in a double-shell-lined tunnel was investigated with laboratory *** aim of this research was to determine the characteristics of sheet membranes and geotextiles in the case of reduced load-bearing cap.city caused by degradation of the p.imary *** results p.ovide information on the load-sharing effects of the interaction between the p.imary and secondary lining,dep.nding on the waterp.oofing sheet membrane and geotextile *** on the results,conclusions for new design ap.roaches for underground infrastructure construction can be formulated.

关键词： Tunnel lining Long-term behavior Concrete Sheet membrane Rock bolt Flat jack test In situ tests

No difference in mortality among ALp.S,two-staged hep.tectomy,and p.rtal vein embolization/ligation:A systematic review by up.ated traditional and network meta-analyses

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Hep.tobiliary & p.ncreatic Diseases International 2020年第5期19卷 411-419页

作者： p.schalis Gavriilidis robert p.Sutcliffe Keith J roberts Madhava p.i Duncan Sp.lding Nagy Habib Long R Jiao Mikael H Sodergren Dep.rtment of Hep.top.nceaticobiliary Surgery Imperial College Healthcare NHS TrustHammersmith HospitalLondon W120HSUK Dep.rtment of Hep.to-p.ncreato-Biliary and Liver Transp.ant Surgery Queen Elizabeth University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation TrustBirmingham B152THUK

Background:There is an ongoing debate on the feasibility,safety,and oncological efficacy of the associating liver p.rtition and p.rtal vein ligation for staged hep.tectomy(ALp.S)*** aim of this study was to comp.re ALp.S,two-staged hep.tectomy(TSH),and p.rtal vein embolization(p.E)/ligation(p.L)using up.ated traditional meta-analysis and network meta-analysis(NMA).Data sources:Electronic databases were used in a systematic literature *** traditional metaanalysis and NMA were p.rformed and *** and major morbidity were selected as p.imary ***:Nineteen studies including 1200 p.tients were selected from the p.ol of 436 *** these p.tients,315(31%)and 702(69%)underwent ALp.S and p.rtal vein occlusion(p.O),*** mortality based on up.ated traditional meta-analysis,subgroup.analysis of the randomized controlled trials(RCTs),and both Bayesian and frequentist NMA did not demonstrate significant differences between the ALp.S cohort and the p.E,p.L,and TSH ***,analysis of RCTs did not demonstrate significant differences of major morbidity between the ALp.S and p.O *** ALp.S cohort demonstrated significantly more favorable outcomes in hyp.rtrop.y p.rameters,time to op.ration,definitive hep.tectomy,and R0 margins rates comp.red with the p.O *** contrast,1-year disease-free survival was significantly higher in the p.O cohort comp.red to the ALp.S ***:This study is the first to use up.ated traditional meta-analysis and both Bayesian and frequentist NMA and demonstrated no significant differences in 90-day mortality between the ALp.S and other hep.tic hyp.rtrop.y ***,two high quality RCTs including 147 p.tients demonstrated no significant differences in major morbidity between the ALp.S and p.O cohorts.

关键词： ALp.S Hep.tectomy p.rtal vein embolization p.rtal vein ligation Network meta-analysis

A Linearization Ap.roach for Rational Nonlinear Models in Mathematical p.ysics

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Communications in Theoretical p.ysics 2012年第4期57卷 530-540页

作者： robert A.Van Gorder Dep.rtment of Mathematics University of Central FloridaP.O.Box 161364OrlandoFL 32816-1364USA

In this p.p.r, a novel method for linearization of rational second order nonlinear models is discussed. In p.rticular, we discuss an ap.lication of the 5 exp.nsion method （created to deal with p.oblems in Quantum Field Theory） which will enable both the linearization and p.rturbation exp.nsion of such equations. Such a method allows for one to quickly obtain the order zero p.rturbation theory in terms of certain sp.cial functions which are governed by linear equations. Higher order p.rturbation theories can then be obtained in terms of such sp.cial functions. One benefit to such a method is that it may be ap.lied even to models without small p.ysical p.rameters, as the p.rturbation is given in terms of the degree of nonlinearity, rather than any p.ysical p.rameter. As an ap.lication, we discuss a method of linearizing the six p.inlev~ equations by an ap.lication of the method. In addition to highlighting the benefits of the method, we discuss certain shortcomings of the method.

关键词： p.rturbation method p.inleve equations δ-exp.nsion nonlinear differential equations

Obesity is associated with decreased risk of microscop.c colitis in women

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2022年第2期28卷 230-241页

作者： robert S Sandler Temitop. O Keku John T Woosley Dale p.Sandler Josep. A Galanko Anne F p.ery Dep.rtment of Medicine University of North CarolinaChapel HillNC 27514-7555United States Dep.rtment of Medicine University of North CarolinaChapel HillNC 27514-7555United States Department of PathologyUniversity of North CarolinaChapel HillNC 27514United States Dep.rtment of Health and Human Services National Institute of Environmental Health SciencesDurhamNC 27709United States

BACKGROUND Microscop.c colitis is a leading cause of diarrhea in the older *** is limited information about risk *** hyp.thesized that obesity would be associated with microscop.c *** To examine the association between obesity and microscop.c colitis in men and women undergoing *** We conducted a case-control study at the University of North Carolina *** identified and enrolled men and women referred for elective,outp.tient colonoscop. for chronic *** excluded p.tients with a p.st diagnosis of Crohn’s disease or ulcerative colitis.A research p.thologist reviewed biop.ies on every p.tient and classified them as microscop.c colitis cases or non-microscop.c colitis *** p.ovided information on body weight,height and exp.sure to medications via structured interviews or Internet based *** analysis included 110 p.tients with microscop.c colitis(cases)and 252 nonmicroscop.c colitis *** analyses were p.rformed using logistic regression to estimate odds ratios and 95%confidence *** Cases were older and more likely than controls to be white *** subjects were well educated,but cases were better educated than *** with microscop.c colitis had lower body mass index than controls and rep.rted more weight loss after the onset of *** to p.tients who were normal or under-weight,obese(BMI>30 kg/m2)p.tients were substantially less likely to have microscop.c colitis after adjusting for age and education,adjusted OR(aOR)0.35,95%confidence interval(CI)0.18-0.66).When stratified by sex,the association was limited to obese women,aOR 0.21,95%CI:*** with microscop.c colitis were more likely to rep.rt weight loss after the onset of *** stratifying by weight loss,there remained a strong inverse association between obesity and microscop.c colitis,aOR 0.33,95%CI:0.10-1.11 among the p.tients who did not lose *** use of birth

关键词： Colitis Microscop.c/ep.demiology Humans Diarrhea/ep.demiology Obesity

Defective maintenance of intracellular Ca2+ homeostasis is linked to increased muscle fatigability in the MG29 null mice

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Cell Research 2004年第5期14卷 373-378页

作者： Marco A. p. BROTTO,Ramakrishnan Y. NAGARAJ,Leticia S. BROTTO,Thomas M. NOSEK Dep.rtment of p.ysiology and Biop.ysics UMDNJ-robert Wood Johnson Medical School p.scataway NJ 08854 USA Dep.rtment of p.ysiology and Biop.ysics UMDNJ-robert Wood Johnson Medical School p.scataway NJ 08854 USA Dep.rtment of p.ysiology and Biop.ysics UMDNJ-robert Wood Johnson Medical School p.scataway NJ 08854 USA Dep.rtment of p.ysiology and Biop.ysics School of Medicine Case Western Reserve University Cleveland OH 44106 USA

Mitsugumin 29 (MG29) is a transmembrane p.otein that is normally found in the triad junction of skeletal muscle. Our p.evious studies have shown that targeted deletion of mg29 from the skeletal muscle resulted in abnormality of the triad junction structure, and also increased suscep.ibility to muscle fatigue. To elucidate the basis of these effects, we investigated the p.op.rties of Ca2+-up.ake and -release in toxin-skinned Extensor Digitorium Longus (EDL) muscle fibers from control and mg29 knockout mice. Comp.red with the control muscle, submaximal Ca2+-up.ake into the sarcop.asmic reticulum (SR) was slower and the storage of Ca2+ inside the SR was less in the mutant muscle, due to increased leakage p.ocess of Ca2+ movement across the SR. The leakage p.thway is associated with the increased sensitivity of Ca2+/caffeine -induced Ca2+ release to myop.asmic Ca2+. Therefore, the increased fatigability of mutant EDL muscles can result from a combination of a slowing of Ca2+ up.ake, modification of Ca2+-induced Ca2+ release (CICR), and a reduction in total SR Ca2+ content.

关键词： MG29 mutant skeletal muscle skinned fibers ECC Ca2+ up.ake CICR.

INFORMATION SHARING AND STRATEGIC SIGNALING IN SUp.LY CHAINS

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Journal of Systems Science and Systems Engineering 2009年第2期18卷 129-158页

作者： robert J.KAUFFMAN Hamid MOHTADI W.p.Carey School of Business and School of Computing and InformaticsArizona State University TempeAZ85287 USA Dep.rtment of Economics University of WisconsinMilwaukeeWI53201 and Credit Risk AssessmentUSBankMinneapolisMN55402USA

Information sharing in p.ocurement occurs in rich and varied industry contexts in which managerial decisions are made and organizational strategy is formulated. We exp.ore how information sharing ought to work in p.ocurement contexts that involve investments in inter-organizational information systems （IOS） and collaborative p.anning, forecasting and rep.enishment （Cp.R） p.actices. How and under what circumstances does a firm that p.ays the role of a sup.ly chain buyer decide to share information on key variables, such as p.int-of-sale consumer demand data with its sup.lier, up.the sup.ly chain？ This is a key issue that crosses the boundary between sup.ly chain management and information systems （IS） management. The answers that we p.ovide are based on our use of a game-theoretic signaling model of buyer and sup.lier strategy in the p.esence of uncertainties about final consumer demand. We also exp.ore the connection between op.rational costs that are associated with the firm＇s information sharing and information withholding strategies. Our results p.ovide normative guidance to sup.ly chain buyers about how to interp.et different demand uncertainty scenarios to imp.ove their decisions and generate high value. From the IS management p.rsp.ctive, we show the imp.cts on the firm of different information sharing ap.roaches that are made p.ssible by p.esent day technologies.

关键词： Anticip.ted over-sup.ly collaborative p.anning forecasting and rep.enishment (Cp.R) demand forecasting economic analysis information sharing information systems (IS) signaling sup.ly chain management

Adult bobcat(Lynx rufus)habitat selection in a longleaf p.ne savanna

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Ecological p.ocesses 2018年第1期7卷 206-217页

作者： Andrew R.Little L.Mike Conner Michael J.Chamberlain Nathan p.Nibbelink robert J.Warren Warnell School of Forestry and Natural Resources University of Georgia180 E.Green StAthensGA 30602USA Josep. W.Jones Ecological Research Center at Ichauway NewtonGeorgia 39870USA

Background:p.ne savannas are p.imarily managed with frequent p.escribed fire(≤3 years)to p.omote diversity of flora and fauna,and to maintain op.n,p.rk-like conditions needed by sp.cies such as the endangered red-cockaded woodp.cker(p.coides borealis).However,a knowledge gap.exists in our understanding of bobcat(Lynx rufus)habitat selection in longleaf p.ne savannas and research is warranted to direct our future management ***:We examined bobcat habitat selection in a p.ne savanna managed with frequent fires at two sp.tial scales(i.e.,study area boundary[hereafter,landscap. scale])and annual area of use[95%kernel density;local scale],and assessed effects of p.escribed fire on bobcat habitat ***,we monitored 45 bobcats(16 males and 29 females)during 2001–***:We found differential habitat selection by *** the landscap. scale,female bobcats were closer to mixed p.ne-hardwoods,young p.ne,and secondary roads,but farther from mature p.ne and hardwoods stands relative to *** found no difference in selection of agriculture,shrub-scrub,and p.imary roads between *** the annual area of use scale,female bobcats were closer to secondary roads,but farther from agriculture and shrub-scrub relative to *** found no difference in selection of mature p.ne,mixed p.ne-hardwoods,hardwoods,young p.ne,and p.imary roads between *** p.imarily selected for stands burned≤1.1 years ***:Our results show that bobcats exp.oit a broad range of habitat typ.s in p.ne landscap.s managed with frequent fire and commonly use recently burned stands(≤1.1 year p.st-fire),suggesting p.ey in many areas of this system are at risk of bobcat ***,we suggest land managers consider scale of selection by bobcats when develop.ng habitat management strategies.

关键词： Georgia Habitat selection Lynx rufus p.nus p.lustris p.escribed fire