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Attenuation artifacts in light sheet fluorescence microscopy corrected by OPTiSPIM

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Light(Science & Applications) 2018年第1期7卷 392-404页

作者： jürgen Mayer Alexandre robert-Moreno james Sharpe jim Swoger Centre for Genomic Regulation(CRG) The Barcelona Institute of Science and TechnologyDr.Aiguader 8808003 BarcelonaSpain Universitat Pompeu Fabra(UPF) BarcelonaSpain InstitucióCatalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats(ICREA) Pg.Lluis Companys 2308010 BarcelonaSpain Present address:European Molecular Biology Laboratory(EMBL) Dr.Aiguader 8808003 BarcelonaSpain

Light sheet fluorescence microscopy(LSFM)is rapidly becoming an essential technology for mesoscopic imaging of samples such as embryos and adult mouse ***,LSFM can suffer from optical artifacts for which there is no intrinsic *** attenuation of light due to absorbing material causes“shadow”artifacts along both the illumination and detection *** approaches have been introduced to reduce this problem,including scanning illumination and multi-view ***,neither of these approaches completely eliminates the *** the distribution of the absorbing material is complex,shadows cannot be *** introduce a new approach that relies on multi-modal integration of two very different mesoscopic *** LSFM,optical projection tomography(OPT)can operate in transmission mode to create a voxel map of the 3D distribution of the sample’s optical ***,we demonstrate a hybrid instrument(OPTiSPIM)that can quantify this attenuation and use the information to correct the shadow artifacts of LSFM.

关键词： illumination light absorbing

A plant-based diet and hypertension

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journal of Geriatric Cardiology 2017年第5期14卷 327-330页

作者： Sarah Alexander robert j Ostfeld Kathleen Allen Kim A Williams Rush University Medical Center Division of Cardiology Chicago IL USA Montefiore Medical Center Division of Cardiology Bronx NY USA New York University Department of Nutrition & Food Studies NY USA

Hypertension is an insidious, common, and deadly dis-ease, often detected incidentally at a routine doctor＇s visit orworkplace health screening. Worldwide, it is estimated thatone billion people have hypertension and... 详细信息

关键词： Hypertension Vegan Vegetarian Plant-based diet

Extracellular vesicles and angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 in COVID-19 disease

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BIOCELL 2024年第1期48卷 1-8页

作者： YU LIU robert j.KASPER NATALIE j.S.CHOI Department of Family and Community Medicine Northwestern University Feinberg School of MedicineChicagoIllinois

Extracellular vesicles(EVs)are membranous vesicular structures released from almost all eukaryotic cell types under different physiological or pathological *** evidence demonstrates that EVs can serve as mediators of intercellular communication between donor and recipient cells or microorganism-infected and noninfected *** disease 2019(COVID-19)disease is caused by infection of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)of host cells in the respiratory system and various extra-pulmonary tissue/organs,resulting in complications of multiple organ *** the cell surface receptor,angiotensin-converting enzyme 2(ACE2)mediates cellular entry of SARS-CoV-2 into the host cells in patients with *** studies have found that ACE2 can be released with EVs,which have been shown to interfere with the entry of the virus into host cells and thus may be involved in COVID-19 *** addition,ACE2,neprilysin(NEP),and thimet oligopeptidase(TOP)are the key enzymes that regulate angiotensin metabolism by converting angiotensin II or angiotensin I to angiotensin 1-7,the latter of which has protective effects in counterbalancing the harmful effects of angiotensin II in COVID-19 *** review summarizes the recent research progress regarding EV-associated ACE2,NEP,and TOP and the perspectives of their potential involvement in the pathophysiology of COVID-19 disease.

关键词： Extracellular vesicles COVID-19 Angiotensin converting enzyme 2 Thimet oligopeptidase

Characterization of a new monoclonal anti-glypican-3 antibody specific to the hepatocellular carcinoma cell line, HepG2

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World journal of Hepatology 2017年第7期9卷 368-384页

作者： Preeyanat Vongchan robert j Linhardt Department of Medical Technology Faculty of Associated Medical SciencesChiang Mai University Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute Departments of ChemistryBiologyChemical and Biomedical Engineering

AIM To characterize the antigen on HepG2 cell that is specifically recognized by a new monoclonal antibody raised against human liver heparan sulfate proteoglycan(HSPG), clone *** The antigen recognized by m Ab 1E4-1D9 was immunoprecipitated and its amino acid sequence was analyzed LC/MS. The transmembrane domain, number of cysteine residues, and glycosylation sites were predicted from these entire sequences. Data from amino acid analysis was aligned with glypican-3(https://***/Tools/msa/clustalo/). The competitive reaction of mA b 1E4-1D9 and anti-glypican-3 on HepG2 cells was demonstrated by indirect immunofluorescence and analyzed by flow cytometry. Moreover, co-immunoprecipitation of mA b 1E4-1D9 and anti-glypican-3 was performed in HepG2 cells by Western immunoblotting. The recognition by mA b 1E4-1D9 of a specific epitope on solid tumor and hematopoietic cell lines was studied using indirect immunofluorescence and analyzed by flow *** Monoclonal antibody 1E4-1D9 reacted with an HSPG isolated from human liver and a band of 67 kD was detected under both reducing and non-reducing conditions. The specific antigen pulled down by m Ab 1E4-1D9, having a MW of 135 kD, was analyzed. The results showed two sequences of interest, gi30722350(1478 amino acid) and gi60219551(1378 amino acid). In both sequences no transmembrane regions were observed. Sequence number gi30722350 was 99.7% showed a match to FYCO1, a molecule involved in induction of autophagy. Sequence number gi60219551 contained 15 cysteines and 11 putative glycosylation sites with 6 predicted N-glycosylation sites. It was also matched with all PDZ domain proteins. Moreover, it showed an 85.7% match to glypican-3. Glypican-3 on HepG2 cells competitively reacted with both phycoerythrin-conjugated anti-glypican-3 and mA b 1E4-1C2 and resulted in an increase of double-stained cell population when higher concentration of m Ab 1E4-1D9 was used. Moreover, antigens precipitated fro

关键词： Monoclonal anti-glypican-3 Hepatocellular carcinoma HepG2 Heparan sulfate proteoglycan Coimmunoprecipitation

Obesity and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: Disparate associations among asian populations

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World journal of Hepatology 2014年第5期6卷 263-273页

作者： robert j Wong Aijaz Ahmed Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Department of Medicine Stanford University School of Medicine

obesity is a global epidemic contributing to an increas-ing prevalence of obesity-related systemic disorders, including nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. The rising prevalence of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis(NASh) will in the near future lead to end-stage liver disease in a large cohort of patients with NASh-related cirrhosis and NASh is predicted to be a leading indication for liver transplantation in the coming decade. however, the prevalence of obesity and the progression of hepatic histological damage associated with NASh exhibit sig-nificant ethnic disparities. Despite a significantly lower body mass index and lower rates of obesity compared to other ethnic groups, Asians continue to demonstrate a significant prevalence of hypertension, diabetes, met-abolic syndrome and NASh. Ethnic disparities in central adiposity and visceral fat distribution have been hy-pothesized to contribute to these ethnic disparities. The current review focuses on the epidemiology of obesity and NASh among Asian populations.

关键词： Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis obesity metabolic syndrome Asians hepatocellular carcinoma

Functional magnetic resonance imaging in an animal model of pancreatic cancer

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World journal of Gastroenterology 2010年第26期16卷 3292-3298页

作者： robert j Lewandowski Aaron C Eifler David j Bentrem johnathan C Chung Gayle E Woloschak robert Ryu Riad Salem Andrew C Larson Reed A Omary Department of Radiology Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine Chicago IL 60611 United States Department of Surgical Oncology Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine Chicago IL 60611 United States Department of Radiation Oncology Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine Chicago IL 60611 United States

AIM: To test the hypotheses that diffusion weighed (DW)and transcatheter intraarterial perfusion (TRIP)magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) can each be used to assess regional differences in tumor function in an animal pancreatic cancer ***: VX2 tumors were implanted in pancreata of 6 rabbits. MRI and digital subtraction angiography (DSA) were performed 3 wk following implantation. With a 2-French catheter secured in the rabbit's gastroduodenal artery, each rabbit was transferred to an adjacent 1.5T MRI scanner. DWand TRIP-MRI were performed to determine if necrotic tumor core could be differentiated from viable tumor periphery. For each, we compared mean differences between tumor core/ periphery using a 2-tailed paired t-test (α = 0.05). Imaging was correlated with histopathology. RESULTS: Tumors were successfully grown in all rabbits, confirmed by necropsy. On DW-MRI, mean apparent diffusion coeffi cient (ADC) value was higher in necrotic tumor core (2.1 ± 0.3 mm2/s) than in viable tumor periphery (1.4 ± 0.5 mm2/s) (P < 0.05). On TRIP-MRI, mean perfusion values was higher in tumor periphery (110 ± 47 relative units) than in tumor core (66 ± 31 relative units) (P < 0.001). CONCLUSION: Functional MRI can be used to differentiate necrotic from viable tumor cells in an animal pancreatic cancer model using ADC (DW-MRI) and perfusion (TRIP-MRI) values.

关键词： Animal model Functional magnetic resonance imaging Pancreatic cancer

Annealing Response of Cold-Rolled Vanadium Microalloyed Sheet Steels

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journal of Iron and Steel Research International 2011年第S1期18卷 404-411页

作者： john G Speer David K Matlock robert j Glodowski A dvanced Steel Processing and Products Research Center Colorado School of MinesGoldenColorado USA East Metals (North America) LLCPittsburghPAUSA

Vanadium microalloying is widely employed in hot-rolled HSLA products;because of its relatively high solubility in austenite,vanadium plays a special role in thin-slab cast hot-rolled products where reheating is limited prior to *** cold-rolled and annealed sheet steels,vanadium technology has been employed in bake-hardenable drawing-quality steels,and in HSLA *** studies have investigated the continuous and batch annealing response of vanadium-containing cold-rolled HSLA steels,with an emphasis on aluminum and nitrogen variations (because of the special importance of nitrogen in vanadium microallyed steels,and interesting interactions between vanadium,aluminum and nitrogen).The present contribution reviews some key aspects of vanadium-microalloyed coldrolled sheet steels,and highlights the results of selected studies showing the influence of steel composition and processing.

关键词： Microalloying vanadium,bake-hardening cold rolled sheet steel

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Oracle精髓

Role of ion channels in gastrointestinal cancer

作者： Rick Greenwald robert Stackowiak jonathan stern

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World journal of Gastroenterology 2019年第38期25卷 5732-5772页

作者： Kyle j Anderson robert T Cormier Patricia M Scott Department of Biomedical Sciences University of Minnesota Medical School

In their seminal papers Hanahan and Weinberg described oncogenic processes a normal cell undergoes to be transformed into a cancer *** functions of ion channels in the gastrointestinal(GI)tract influence a variety of cellular processes,many of which overlap with these hallmarks of *** this review we focus on the roles of the calcium(Ca^2+),sodium(Na^+),potassium(K^+),chloride(Cl^-)and zinc(Zn^2+)transporters in GI cancer,with a special emphasis on the roles of the KCNQ1 K+channel and CFTR Cl-channel in colorectal cancer(CRC).Ca^2+is a ubiquitous second messenger,serving as a signaling molecule for a variety of cellular processes such as control of the cell cycle,apoptosis,and *** members of the TRP superfamily,including TRPM8,TRPM7,TRPM6 and TRPM2,have been implicated in GI cancers,especially through overexpression in pancreatic adenocarcinomas and down-regulation in colon ***-gated sodium channels(VGSCs)are classically associated with the initiation and conduction of action potentials in electrically excitable cells such as neurons and muscle *** VGSC NaV1.5 is abundantly expressed in human colorectal CRC cell lines as well as being highly expressed in primary CRC *** have demonstrated that conductance through NaV1.5 contributes significantly to CRC cell invasiveness and cancer ***2+transporters of the ZIP/SLC39A and ZnT/SLC30A families are dysregulated in all major GI organ cancers,in particular,ZIP4 up-regulation in pancreatic cancer(PC).More than 70 K+channel genes,clustered in four families,are found expressed in the GI tract,where they regulate a range of cellular processes,including gastrin secretion in the stomach and anion secretion and fluid balance in the intestinal *** distinct types of K+channels are found dysregulated in the GI *** are hERG1 upregulation in PC,gastric cancer(GC)and CRC,leading to enhanced cancer angiogenesis and invasion,and KCNQ1 down-regulation in CR

关键词： Ion channels Gastrointestinal cancer Colorectal cancer Gastric cancer Pancreatic cancer Esophageal cancer Hepatocellular carcinoma Prognostic biomarker Novel therapies Clinical targets