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Liver Fibrosis Helps to Distinguish Autoimmune Hepatitis from DILI with Autoimmune Features: A Review of Twenty Cases

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journal of Clinical and Translational Hepatology 2019年第1期7卷 21-26页

作者： Christopher A.Febres-Aldana Sarah Alghamdi Kritika Krishnamurthy robert j.Poppiti Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Mount Sinai Medical CenterMiami BeachFLUSA Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine Florida International UniversityMiamiFLUSA

Background and Aims:Drug-induced liver injury with autoimmune features(AI-DILI)mimics the clinical presentation,and laboratory and pathologic features of idiopathic autoimmune hepatitis(AIH).We aimed to identify histopathologic hallmarks to differentiate these ***:All liver biopsies archived for the past 10 years were reviewed retrospectively to identify cases of recently detected liver injury associated with predominantly lymphoplasmacytic interphase hepatitis,positive markers for liver autoimmunity,and negative tests for viral *** cases were divided into AIH(n=12)or AI-DILI(n=8)*** qualitative evaluation of necroinflammatory changes and liver fibrosis were performed according to the Scheuer scoring *** densities were determined using Imagej(V1.51t,National Institutes of Health,Bethesda,MD,USA).Fibrosis was assessed on Masson trichrome-stained slides,and collagen deposition was estimated following a protocol of color ***:Necroinflammatory changes as well as densities(portal and lobular)of neutrophils and eosinophils,intracellular cholestasis,and regenerative changes did not differ between the two groups(P≥0.05).Neutrophil densities but not eosinophils showed a positive correlation with the severity of hepatocellular damage(r=0.6and 0.58,*** aminotransferase,P<0.05).Ceroidladen macrophages but not histiocytic aggregates appeared to be more common in AI-DILI(P<0.05).AIH patients presented more often with evidence of chronic damage,including higher scores of fibrosis and collagen deposition,in comparison to AI-DILI(P<0.05).Conclusions:Although there is no histologic feature pathognomonic for AI-DILI or AIH,advanced stages of liver fibrosis can be used to support the diagnosis of AIH in some *** diagnosis of AI-DILI requires follow-up and demonstration of complete remission after drug withdrawal with no need for immunosuppression.

关键词： DILI Autoimmune hepatitis Liver fibrosis Digital pathology

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A combinatorial indexing strategy for low-cost epigenomic profiling of plant single cells

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Plant Communications 2022年第4期3卷 72-82页

作者： Xiaoyu Tu Alexandre P.Marand robert j.Schmitz Silin Zhong joint Center for Single Cell Biology School of Agriculture and BiologyShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center of Agri-Seeds School of Agriculture and BiologyShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China Department of Genetics University of GeorgiaAthensGA 30602USA State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology School of Life SciencesThe Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongChina

Understanding how cis-regulatory elements facilitate gene expression is a key question in *** advances in single-cell genomics have led to the discovery of cell-specific chromatin landscapes that underlie transcription programs in animal ***,the high equipment and reagent costs of commercial systems limit their applications for many *** this study,we developed a combinatorial index and dual PCR barcode strategy to profile the Arabidopsis thaliana root single-cell epigenome without any specialized *** generated chromatin accessibility profiles for 13576 root nuclei with an average of 12784 unique Tn5 integrations per *** of the single-cell assay for transposaseaccessible chromatin sequencing and RNA sequencing data sets enabled the identification of 24 cell clusters with unique transcription,chromatin,and cis-regulatory *** with single-cell data generated using the commercial microfluidic platform from 10X Genomics revealed that this low-cost combinatorial index method is capable of unbiased identification of cell-type-specific chromatin *** anticipate that,by removing cost,instrumentation,and other technical obstacles,this method will be a valuable tool for routine investigation of single-cell epigenomes and provide new insights into plant growth and development and plant interactions with the environment.

关键词： combinatorial indexing single-cell ATAC-seq epigenome

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Soil resource availability and its effect on the ecophysiology and establishment of Stipa pulchra

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journal of Plant Ecology 2019年第4期12卷 603-614页

作者： robert L.Fitch Erin j.Questad Edward G.Bobich Department of Biological Sciences California State Polytechnic UniversityPomona3801 West Temple Avenue PomonaCA 91768USA

Aims The objectives of this study were to(i)determine the importance of soil moisture and soil nitrogen availability as resource requirements for the establishment of Stipa pulchra,(ii)to examine how changes in slope within a local habitat can affect the accumulation of soil moisture and soil nitrogen and(iii)to measure the physiological re-sponses of *** among such slope *** The field experiment occurred in the San joséHills of Southern California on the California State Polytechnic University,Pomona *** were established within three different slope loca-tions(shallow,moderate and steep)within four separate *** nitrogen treatments(ambient,addition and removal)were replicated within each slope location for all four canyons,and five *** plants were planted in each *** nitrogen accumula-tion and soil moisture,as well as other abiotic variables,were meas-ured across the varied slope locations and nitrogen *** measured the cover,stress,and reproduction of *** plants for 2 years and used a mesocosm experiment to determine how ***-chra responds to varying water and nitrogen *** Findings Stipa pulchra had a strong positive response to the wettest watering treatment and a weak response to nitrogen addition in the meso-cosm *** the field experiment,*** responded positively in moderate slope locations and did not respond to ni-trogen treatments,possibly due to *** patterns of soil moisture were driven by slope,soil compaction and solar *** nitrogen accumulation did not vary among slope *** restoration of ***,priority should be placed on managing soil moisture availability and determining suitable edaphic factors.

关键词： establishment ecophysiology slope soil moisture soil properties nitrogen deposition

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Will high-frequency trading practices transform the financial markets in the Asia Pacific Region?

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Financial Innovation 2015年第1期1卷 19-45页

作者： robert j.Kauffman Yuzhou Hu Dan Ma School of Information Systems Singapore Management University

High-frequency trading(HFT)practices in the global financial markets involve the use of information and communication technologies(ICT),especially the capabilities of high-speed networks,rapid computation,and algorithmic detection of changing information and prices that create opportunities for computers to effect low-latency trades that can be accomplished in *** practices exist because a variety of new technologies have made them possible,and because financial market infrastructure capabilities have also been changing so *** ***,such as the National Association for Securities Dealers Automated Quote(NASDAQ)market and the New York Stock Exchange(NYSE),have maintained relevance and centrality in financial intermediation in financial markets settings that have changed so much in the past 20 years that they are hardly *** this article,we explore the technological,institutional and market developments in leading financial markets around the world that have embraced HFT *** these examples,we will distill a number of common characteristics that seem to be in operation,and then assess the extent to which HFT practices have begun to be observed in Asian regional financial markets,and what will be their likely *** also discuss a number of theoretical and empirical research directions of interest.

关键词： Asian region Equity markets Financial innovation Financial IS and technology Financial markets High-frequency trading(HFT) Market transformation Technological innovation

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Impact of COVID-19 on Liver Transplant Activity in the USA: Variation by Etiology and Cirrhosis Complications

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journal of Clinical and Translational Hepatology 2023年第1期11卷 130-135页

作者： Yong-Fang Kuo Paul Kwo robert j Wong Ashwani K.Singal Department of Biostatistics University of Texas Medical BranchGalvestonTXUSA Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Healthcare SystemStanford University School of MedicinePalo AltoCAUSA University of South Dakota Sanford School of MedicineVermillionSDUSA Avera Transplant Institute Sioux FallsSDUSA

Background and Aims:The COVID-19 pandemic has impacted the care of patients with liver *** examined impact of COVID-19 on liver transplant(LT)activity in the ***:LT listings in the United Network for Organ Sharing(UNOS)database(April 2018–May 2021)were analyzed to examine the impact of COVID-19 pandemic on the LT activity based on etiology:hepatitis C virus(HCV),alcohol-associated liver disease(ALD),alcoholic hepatitis(AH),and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis(NASH)complications:hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)and acute-on-chronic liver failure(ACLF)grade 2 or 3 and Model for End-Stage Liver Disease(MELD)*** regression models assessed time trend changes on a log ***:Of 23,871 recipients(8,995 in the COVID era,April 2018–February 2020),mean age 52 years,62% men,61% Caucasian,32%ALD,15%HCC,30%ACLF grades 2–3,and mean MELD score 20.5,monthly LT changes were a decrease of 3.4%for overall LTs and 22%for HCC after September 2020,and increase of 4.5%for ALD since 11/2020 and 17%since 03/2021 for ACLF grade 2–*** MELD scores increased by 0.7 and 0.36 after june 2020 for HCV and HCC ***:The COVID-19 pandemic has impacted LT activity,with a decrease of LTs especially for HCC,and an increase of LTs for ALD and severe *** are needed to reorganize cirrhosis patients to overcome the aftereffects of COVID-19 pandemic.

关键词： COVID-19 UNOS OLT Region Public policies

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Amplicon-based metagenomics identified candidate organisms in soils that caused yield decline in strawberry

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Horticulture Research 2015年第1期2卷 201-213页

作者： Xiangming Xu Thomas Passey Feng Wei robert Saville Richard j.Harrison East Malling Research East MallingWest MallingKentME196BJUK

A phenomenon of yield decline due to weak plant growth in strawberry was recently observed in non-chemo-fumigated soils,which was not associated with the soil fungal pathogen Verticillium dahliae,the main target of ***-based metagenomics was used to profile soil microbiota in order to identify microbial organisms that may have caused the yield decline.A total of 36 soil samples were obtained in 2013 and 2014 from four sites for metagenomic studies;two of the four sites had a yield-decline problem,the other two did *** than 2000 fungal or bacterial operational taxonomy units(OTUs)were found in these *** abundance of individual OTUs was statistically compared for differences between samples from sites with or without yield decline.A total of 721 individual comparisons were statistically significant–involving 366 unique bacterial and 44 unique fungal *** on further selection criteria,we focused on 34 bacterial and 17 fungal OTUs and found that yield decline resulted probably from one or more of the following four factors:(1)low abundance of Bacillus and Pseudomonas populations,which are well known for their ability of supressing pathogen development and/or promoting plant growth;(2)lack of the nematophagous fungus(Paecilomyces species);(3)a high level of two non-specific fungal root rot pathogens;and(4)wet soil *** study demonstrated the usefulness of an amplicon-based metagenomics approach to profile soil microbiota and to detect differential abundance in microbes.

关键词： soil straw soils

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Management and outcome of hepatocellular adenoma with massive bleeding at presentation

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World journal of Gastroenterology 2017年第25期23卷 4579-4586页

作者： Anne j Klompenhouwer robert A de Man Maarten Gj Thomeer jan NM Ijzermans Department of Surgery Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Department of Radiology

To evaluate outcome of acute management and risk of rebleeding in patients with massive hemorrhage due to hepatocellular adenoma (HCA). METHODSThis retrospective cohort study included all consecutive patients who presented to our hospital with massive hemorrhage (grade II or III) due to ruptured HCA and were admitted for observation and/or intervention between 1999-2016. The diagnosis of HCA was based on radiological findings from contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) or pathological findings from biopsy or resection of the HCA. Hemorrhage was diagnosed based on findings from computed tomography or MRI. Medical records were reviewed for demographic features, clinical presentation, tumor features, initial and subsequent management, short- and long-term complications and patient and lesion follow-up. RESULTSAll patients were female (n = 23). Treatment in the acute phase consisted of embolization (n = 9, 39.1%), conservative therapy (n = 13, 56.5%), and other intervention (n = 1, 4.3%). Median hemoglobin level decreased significantly more on days 0-3 in the intervention group than in the patients initially treated conservatively (0.9 mmol/L vs 2.4 mmol/L respectively, P = 0.006). In total, 4 patients suffered severe short-term complications, which included hypovolemic shock, acute liver failure and abscess formation. After a median follow-up of 36 mo, tumor regression in non-surgically treated patients occurred with a median reduction of 76 mm down to 25 mm. Four patients underwent secondary (elective) treatment (i.e., tumor resection) to address HCA size of > 5 cm and/or desire for future pregnancy. One case of rebleeding was documented (4.3%). None of the patients experienced long-term complication (mean follow-up time: 36 mo). CONCLUSIONWith a 4.3% risk of rebleeding, secondary (elective) treatment of HCA after massive hemorrhage may only be considered in patients with persistent HCA > 5 cm.

关键词： Hepatocellular adenoma Management Bleeding Outcome Hemorrhage

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Chinese Secret Societies and Popular Religions Revisited： An Introduction

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Frontiers of History in China 2016年第4期11卷 503-509页

作者： robert j. Antony joseph Tse-Hei Lee Canton's Thirteen Hongs Research Center Guangzhou University Guangzhou 510006 China Department of History and Confucius Institute Pace University New York NY 10038 USA

It has been over forty years since jean Chesneaux published his edited volume Popular Movements and Secret Societies in China, and some twenty years since David Ownby and Mary Somers Heidhues published their edited volume Secret Societies Reconsidered On popular religions, both Daniel Overmyer＇s FoItc Buddhist Religion and Susan Naquin＇s Millenarian Rebellion in China were also published almost forty years ago.1 Although there have been a number of important studies published both inside and outside of China on secret societies and popular religions since the 1990s, in recent years there has been a surge in new research, much of it still unpublished, on this important subject in Chinese history.

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COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHIC GUIDANCE STEREOTAXIS IN THE MANAGEMENT OF INTRACRANIAL MASS LESIONS

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中华神经外科杂志 1993年第6期 50-51页

作者： Athanasio j.Spanos,robert L.Martuza Neurosurgenon Research Fellow in Surgery Harvard Medical School Boston U.S.A. Associate Visiting Neurosurgeon Harvard Medical School Boston U.S.A.

The stereotactic neurosurgical resection,which was named by the greek word(?),began with the pioneering publica-tion of Horsley and Clarke in *** ad-vent of computed axial tomography has notonly provided new insights ... 详细信息

关键词： COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHIC GUIDANCE STEREOTAXIS IN THE MANAGEMENT OF INTRACRANIAL MASS LESIONS

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Bioengineered production of glycosaminoglycans and their analogues

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Systems Microbiology and Biomanufacturing 2021年第2期1卷 123-130页

作者： Weihua jin Fuming Zhang robert j.Linhardt College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering Zhejiang University of TechnologyHangzhou 310014China Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary StudiesRensselaer Polytechnic InstituteTroyNY 12180USA Department of Biological Science Departments of Chemistry and Chemical Biology and Biomedical EngineeringCenter for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary StudiesRensselaer Polytechnic InstituteTroyNY 12180USA

Glycosaminoglycans(GAGs)are a class of linear polysaccharides,consisting of alternating disaccharide sequences of uronic acid and hexosamines(or galactose)with and without *** can interact with various proteins,such as growth factors,receptors and cell adhesion molecules,endowing these with various biological and pharmacological *** activities make GAGs useful in health care products and ***,all GAGs,with the exception of hyaluronan,are produced by extraction from animal ***,limited availability,poor control of animal tissues,impurities,viruses,prions,endotoxins,contamination and other problems have increased the interest in new approaches for GAG *** new approaches include GAGs production by chemical synthesis,chemoenzymatic synthesis and metabolic *** chemically synthesized heparin pentasaccharide,fondaparinux sodium,is in clinical ***,hyaluronan today is prepared by microbial fermentation,largely replacing hyaluronan from rooster *** recent gram scale chemoenzymatic synthesis of a heparin dodecasaccharide suggests its potential to replace currently used animal-sourced low molecular weight heparin(LMWH).Despite these considerable successes,such high-tech approaches still cannot meet worldwide demands for *** review gives a brief introduction on the manufacturing of unfractionated and low molecular weight heparins,the chemical synthesis and chemoenzymatic synthesis of GAGs and focuses on the progress in the bioengineered preparation of GAGs,particularly heparin.

关键词： Glycosaminoglycans Metabolic engineering Chemoenzymatic synthesis Heparin

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