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An ICT model for increased adoption of farm input information in developing countries:A case in Sikasso,Mali

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Information Processing in Agriculture 2019年第1期6卷 26-46页

作者： Macire Kante robert Oboko Christopher Chepken University of Nairobi P.O.Box 30197-00100 GPONairobiKenya Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique et Technologique BamakoMali

Information and Communication Technologies(ICT)play a key role in the dissemination of information on farm inputs for their increased ***-scale cereal farmers have been exposed to ICT-based farm input information in developing ***,an underuse of these ICTs services has led to an insignificant adoption of farm input *** underuse was due to certain *** purpose of this study was to propose an ICT model for increased adoption of farm input information by establishing these factors and their relationships.A convenient sample of 300 small-scale cereal farmers was selected in Sikasso,Mali to gather *** partial least squares structural equation modelling technique was used to assess the model that was being *** used the technique to establish the measurement model validity and to assess the structural model(hypotheses).The result suggested that the model was highly predictive of the Use of ICT-based farm input information(80.7%).In addition,use of these ICT-based farm input information was also highly predictive(68.4%)of the Increased Adoption of farm input information by small-scale cereal farmers in developing countries.

关键词： Cereal farmers Productivity ICT-based farm input information Developing countries Mali

Immediate and long-term effects of invasive plant species on soil characteristics

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Soil Ecology Letters 2022年第3期4卷 276-288页

作者： Irene M.Unger robert j.Kremer Kristen S.Veum Keith W.Goyne Department of Biology and Chemistry Baker UniversityP.O.Box 65Baldwin CityKS 66006USA School of Natural Resources University of Missouri 302 ABNR Bldg.ColumbiaMO 65211USA USDA-ARS Cropping Systems and Water Quality UnitUniversity of Missouri302 ABNR Bldg.ColumbiaMO 65211USA Department of Forest Resources and Environmental Conservation Virginia Tech324 Cheatham HallBlacksburgVA 24061USA

Invasive plant species may alter soil characteristics or interact with the soil microbial community resulting in a competitive *** objectives were to determine:i)if invasive plant species alter soil properties;and ii)the long-term effects of invasive plant species on soil properties and subsequent implications on ecological restoration *** focused on Lespedeza cuneata,a plant that may be *** samples were collected from four locations in Central Missouri,USA:an old-field with abundant ***,two reconstructed sites,and a remnant prairie that has never been *** health indictors were used to characterize soil properties at these *** every soil property differed significantly between the unplowed prairie reference site and the other three *** reconstructed sites,however,generally did not differ from the invaded *** results indicate that the reconstructed prairies are not fully *** above-ground traits,such as the plant community structure,appear similar to the prairie,the soil microbial community structure still resembles that of an invaded old-field *** results indicate that more time may be needed before soil microbial populations fully recover after invasive plant removal.

关键词： Sericea lespedeza Legacy effects Soil microorganisms

Different characteristics of chronic dibutyltin dichloride-induced pancreatitis and cholangitis in mouse and rat

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Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2020年第2期19卷 169-174页

作者： Friederike Lütt Luise Ehlers Horst Nizze robert jaster Department of Medicine ii Division of GastroenterologyRostock University Medical CenterE.-Heydemann-Str.618057 RostockGermany Institute of Pathology Rostock University Medical CenterStrempelstraβ1418057 RostockGermany

Background:Current animal models of chronic pancreatitis(CP)often provide only limited pathophysio-logical insights since they incompletely reflect the human *** induced by injection of dibutyltin dichloride(DBTC-pancreatitis)shares with human CP the important feature of extended fibrosis and would be an even more attractive model if it could be transferred from rats to mice,as recently sug-gested in the context of combined ethanol and DBTC *** study aimed to evaluate the effects of DBTC in pancreas and liver of C57BL/6 mice,a strain commonly used to engineer genetic mouse ***:C57BL/6 mice and Lewis rats were exposed to variable doses of *** an investigation period of up to 4 weeks,laboratory findings and histopathological changes of pancreas and liver were ***:Chronic DBTC-pancreatitis in rats was characterized by acinar cell damage,ductal changes,fi-brosis,and inflammatory cell *** treated with DBTC at 6–8 mg/kg body weight,the standard doses in rats,showed transient increases of lipase activities but no morphological signs of chronic DBTC-pancreatitis 4 weeks after injection of the *** doses of 10–12 mg/kg DBTC were intolerable due to their high *** contrast,mice and rats presented with a similar histopathology of the liver that can be characterized as a chronic-proliferative DBTC-cholangitis with predominating damage and proliferation of the small bile ducts as well as secondary portal inflammatory cell infiltrates and a begin-ning portal ***:The DBTC-model cannot be transferred from rats to C57BL/6 mice with respect to chronic DBTC-pancreatitis,but might be of interest to study DBTC-cholangitis in both species.

关键词： Animal models Cholangitis Pancreatitis

Edge robotics:are we ready?an experimental evaluation of current vision and future directions

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Digital Communications and Networks 2023年第1期9卷 166-174页

作者： Milan Groshev Gabriele Baldoni Luca Cominardi Antonio de la Oliva robert Gazda University Carlos Ⅲ of Madrid Leganes28028MadridSpain ZettaScale Technology SARL Saint-Aubin91190France InterDigital Inc. WilmingtonDE19809USA

Cloud-based robotics systems leverage a wide range of Information Technologies(IT)to offer tangible benefits like cost reduction,powerful computational capabilities,data offloading,***,the centralized nature of cloud computing is not well-suited for a multitude of Operational Technologies(OT)nowadays used in robotics systems that require strict real-time guarantees and *** computing and fog computing are complementary approaches that aim at mitigating some of these challenges by providing computing capabilities closer to the *** goal of this work is hence threefold:i)to analyze the current edge computing and fog computing landscape in the context of robotics systems,ii)to experimentally evaluate an end-to-end robotics system based on solutions proposed in the literature,and iii)to experimentally identify current benefits and open challenges of edge computing and fog *** show that,in the case of an exemplary delivery application comprising two mobile robots,the robot coordination and range can be improved by consuming real-time radio information available at the ***,our evaluation highlights that the existing software,wireless and virtualization technologies still require substantial evolution to fully support edge-based robotics systems.

关键词： Edge robotics experimental fog MEC Virtualization ROS Fog05

Comparison of white‑to‑white measurements using four devices and their determination of ICL sizing

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Eye and Vision 2024年第5期10卷 28-40页

作者： robert Edward T.Ang Edward Kenneth F.Reyes Fernando Amado j.Ayuyao jr Maria Isabel N.Umali Emerson M.Cruz Asian Eye Institute Phinma PlazaRockwell Center8Th Floor1200 MakatiPhilippines Cardinal Santos Medical Center 10 Wilson St.Greenhills1502 San JuanPhilippines

Background:To compare the measurements obtained from the Orbscan ii,IOLMaster 700,Pentacam AXL,and Castroviejo caliper and their effects on calculating the recommended implantable collamer lens(ICL)size and postoperative vault ***:This is a retrospective cross-sectional study of patients who underwent ICL surgery by a single surgeon from March 1,2018 to july 31,*** were reviewed for the anterior chamber depth(ACD)and white-to-white(WTW)measurements obtained from the Orbscan ii,IOLMaster 700,Pentacam AXL,and Castroviejo caliper(WTW only).These were used to calculate the recommended ICL *** actual ICL size implanted,and vault measurements obtained one month postoperatively were also ***:One hundred seven eyes with a mean age of 27.9±7.7 years were included in the *** WTW measurements were significantly different between devices(Pii(3.12±0.25 mm)and the highest in Pentacam AXL(3.16±0.24 mm).The Pentacam AXL produced an ICL size similar to the Orbscan in 69.2%of *** IOLMaster yielded an ICL measurement one size larger than Orbscan-based calculations in 64.5%of *** the Orbscan WTW and ACD,the desired vault of 0.25 to 0.75 mm and 0.25 to 1.00 mm was achieved in 70%and 91%of eyes,*** caliper WTW to IOLMaster 700 or Pentacam AXL WTW increases the percentage of achieving the desired vault to 80%,similar to the ***:The Orbscan ii,IOLMaster 700,and Pentacam AXL cannot be used interchangeably for calculating ICL *** the WTW from caliper measurement with the ACD of the IOLMaster 700 or Pentacam AXL could improve ICL sizing and achieve a higher percentage of eyes with the desired vault.

关键词： ICL vault Orbscan ii IOLMaster 700 Pentacam AXL Caliper

How can the forest sector mitigate climate change in a changing climate? Case studies of boreal and northern temperate forests in eastern Canada

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Forest Ecosystems 2022年第2期9卷 267-287页

作者： Lucas Moreau Evelyne Thiffault Dominic Cyr Yan Boulanger robert Beauregard Departement des sciences du bois et de la foret Universite LavalQuebecCanada Science and Technology Branch Environment and Climate Change CanadaGatineauCanada Laurentian Forestry Centre Natural Resources CanadaQuebecCanada

Background:Forest based climate mitigation emerged as a key component of the Paris Agreement,and thus re-quires robust science to reduce uncertainties related to such *** aim of this study was to assess and compare the cumulative effects on carbon dynamics of forest management and climate change on boreal and northern temperate forest sector in eastern Canada for the 2020–2100 ***:We used the spatially explicit forest landscape model LANDIS-ii and its extension Forest Carbon Suc-cession,in conjunction with the Carbon Budget Model for Harvested Wood Products *** simulated the dynamics of forest composition and carbon flows from forest ecosystems to wood products and their substitution effect on markets under increasing climate forcing,according to a tonne-year *** were con-ducted for a series of forest management scenarios based on realistic practices principally by clearcut in the boreal territory and continuous-cover forestry in the northern temperate *** scenarios included:i)a business-as-usual scenario(BaU),representing the current management strategy,ii)increased harvesting by 6.3%to 13.9%,iii)increased conservation(*** harvesting by 11.1%to 49.8%),iiii)and a scenario representing the natural evolution of the forest landscape(*** any management activity).Results:Our study revealed that increasing harvesting levels had contrasting effects on the mitigation potential in northern temperate(enhance net sequestration)and boreal forest sector(enhance net emissions)in comparison to the BaU from 2040 onwards,regardless of the future *** storage in wood products and the substi-tution effect were not sufficient to offset carbon emissions from ***,climate change had a strong impact on the capacity of both landscapes to act as carbon *** temperate landscapes became a net source of carbon over time due to their greater vulnerability to climate change than boreal landsc

关键词： Climate change Carbon Forest sector Forest management Boreal landscapes Northern temperate landscape Mitigation potential

应对全球气候变化：全科医生的临床经验和方法

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中国全科医学 2013年第10期16卷 1079-1084页

作者： Grant Blashki Alan Abelsohn robert Woollard Neil Arya Margot W Parkes Paul Kendal Erica Bell R warren Bell 邵钧 Melbourne大学诺萨尔全球卫生研究所&墨尔本可持续社会研究所 Toronto大学达拉拉娜公共卫生学院家庭和社区医学系 British Columbia大学家庭医学系 Western大学全球卫生办公室 Waterloo大学环境与资源研究 Northern British Columbia大学医学院 British Columbia大学英属哥伦比亚农村协调中心 Tasmania大学农村卫生学系加拿大环境保护医生协会舒斯瓦普湖综合医院萨梦阿姆分院中国全科医学杂志社

背景气候变化是全球公共卫生问题,需要全面深入的思考才能获得行之有效的解决方法。本文从理论上阐述全科医生临床经验和方法对于解决气候变化问题的借鉴意义。讨论我们认为全科医生的经验和特殊思考方式对解决气候变化问题是一笔宝贵... 详细信息

背景气候变化是全球公共卫生问题,需要全面深入的思考才能获得行之有效的解决方法。本文从理论上阐述全科医生临床经验和方法对于解决气候变化问题的借鉴意义。讨论我们认为全科医生的经验和特殊思考方式对解决气候变化问题是一笔宝贵的财富。这些财富包括,毕生对"首先不造成伤害"和"处理不确定性"的认知、反思和践行,"面对不完整信息时做出必要决策"的能力,对"复杂自适应系统"的认识,对稳态的维持,对意外后果的警醒,对"跨学科和跨专业"重要性的认识。总结全科医生一直以来都是公共卫生的拥护者。他们对复杂人类问题的处理方式也可用于应对气候变化。

关键词：全科医生气候变化临床经验

Models and estimators linking individual-based and sample-based rarefaction, extrapolation and comparison of assemblages

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journal of Plant Ecology 2012年第1期5卷 3-21页

作者： robert K.Colwell Anne Chao Nicholas j.Gotelli Shang-Yi Lin Chang Xuan Mao Robin L.Chazdon john T.Longino Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology University of ConnecticutStorrsCT 06269USA Institute of Statistics National Tsing Hua UniversityHsin-Chu 30043Taiwan Department of Biology University of VermontBurlingtonVT 05405USA School of Statistics and Management Shanghai University of Finance and EconomicsShanghai 200433China Department of Biology University of UtahSalt Lake CityUT 84112USA

Aims In ecology and conservation biology,the number of species counted in a biodiversity study is a key metric but is usually a biased underestimate of total species richness because many rare species are not ***,comparing species richness among sites or samples is a statistical challenge because the observed number of species is sensitive to the number of individuals counted or the area *** individual-based data,we treat a single,empirical sample of species abundances from an investigator-defined species assemblage or community as a reference point for two estimation objectives under two sampling models:estimating the expected number of species(and its unconditional variance)in a random sample of(i)a smaller number of individuals(multinomial model)or a smaller area sampled(Poisson model)and(ii)a larger number of individuals or a larger area *** sample-based incidence(presence–absence)data,under a Bernoulli product model,we treat a single set of species incidence frequencies as the reference point to estimate richness for smaller and larger numbers of sampling *** The first objective is a problem in interpolation that we address with classical rarefaction(multinomial model)and Coleman rarefaction(Poisson model)for individual-based data and with sample-based rarefaction(Bernoulli product model)for incidence *** second is a problem in extrapolation that we address with sampling-theoretic predictors for the number of species in a larger sample(multinomial model),a larger area(Poisson model)or a larger number of sampling units(Bernoulli product model),based on an estimate of asymptotic species *** published methods exist for many of these objectives,we bring them together here with some new estimators under a unified statistical and notational *** novel integration of mathematically distinct approaches allowed us to link interpolated(rarefaction)curves and extrapolated curves to plot a unified

关键词： Bernoulli product model Coleman curve multinomial model Poisson model random placement species–area relation

Surveillance-response systems: the key to elimination of tropical diseases

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2014年第1期3卷 157-166,156页

作者： Ernest Tambo Lin Ai Xia Zhou jun-Hu Chen Wei Hu robert Bergquist jia-Gang Guo jürg Utzinger Marcel Tanner Xiao-Nong Zhou National Institute of Parasitic Diseases Chinese Center for Disease Control and PreventionShanghai 200025People’s Republic of China Biochemistry Department Center for Sustainable Malaria ControlFaculty of Natural&Agricultural SciencesUniversity of PretoriaHatfield 0028South Africa WHO Collaborating Centre for Malaria Schistosomiasis and FilariasisKey Laboratory of Parasite and Vector BiologyMinistry of HealthShanghai 200025People’s Republic of China Sochow University Suzhou 215123People’s Republic of China School of Life Science Fudan UniversityShanghai 200433People’s Republic of China Ingerod 407 BrastadSweden Department of Control of Neglected Tropical Diseases World Health OrganizationAvenue Appia 20CH-1211 GenevaSwitzerland Department of Epidemiology and Public Health Swiss Tropical and Public Health InstituteP.O.BoxCH-4002 BaselSwitzerland University of Basel P.O.BoxCH-4003 BaselSwitzerland

Tropical diseases remain a major cause of morbidity and mortality in developing *** combined health efforts brought about significant improvements over the past 20 years,communities in resource-constrained settings lack the means of strengthening their environment in directions that would provide less favourable conditions for ***,the impact of infectious diseases is declining worldwide along with progress made regarding responses to basic health problems and improving health services delivery to the most vulnerable *** London Declaration on Neglected Tropical Diseases(NTDs),initiated by the World Health Organization’s NTD roadmap,set out the path towards control and eventual elimination of several tropical diseases by 2020,providing an impetus for local and regional disease elimination *** diseases are often patchy and erratic,and there are differing priorities in resources-limited and endemic countries at various levels of their public health *** order to identify and prioritize strategic research on elimination of tropical diseases,the‘First Forum on Surveillance-Response System Leading to Tropical Diseases Elimination’was convened in Shanghai in june *** strategies and the NTD roadmap were reviewed,followed by discussions on how to identify and critically examine prevailing challenges and opportunities,including inter-sectoral collaboration and approaches for elimination of several infectious,tropical diseases.A priority research agenda within a‘One Health-One World’frame of global health was developed,including(i)the establishment of a platform for resource-sharing and effective surveillance-response systems for Asia Pacific and Africa with an initial focus on elimination of lymphatic filariasis,malaria and schistosomiasis;(ii)development of new strategies,tools and approaches,such as improved diagnostics and antimalarial therapies;(iii)rigorous validation of surveillance-response systems;an

关键词： Tropical diseases Control Elimination Surveillance-response system Global health China