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Potential adaptation of a Q biotype whitefly population from poinsettia to field crops

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Insect Science 2011年第6期18卷 719-728页

作者： Xiangshun Hu Timothy j. Dennehy Xinzhi Ni Huiyan Zhao robert L. Nichols Xianchun Li College of Plant Protection NorthwestA ＆ F University Yangfing Shaanxi Province China Department of Entomology and BI05 Institute University of Arizona Tucson Arizona USDA-ARS Crop Genetics and Breeding Research Unit Tifton Georgia Cotton Incorporated Cary North Carolina USA

The invasive Q biotype whitefly was first detected in the US on poinsettia in 2004 and is still not a pest outside of greenhouse environments in the US. To assess the potential for the establishment of the Q biotype on field crops, population cage experiments were conducted to compare the performance of a poinsettia-derived Q population named P＇06 on poinsettia and six field crops （alfalfa, tomato, melon, cotton, cowpea and cabbage）. P＇06 adults reared on poinsettia as nymphs laid eggs on all six field crops. Significantly more eggs were laid on alfalfa, tomato, melon and cotton than on cabbage, cowpea and poinsettia. These eggs hatched and the nymphs developed to adults on the six field crops. Relative to poinsettia, whitefly survival was similar on cowpea, alfalfa, tomato and cabbage, but significantly higher on cotton and melon. Moreover, P＇06 had significantly shorter development times from egg to adult on cotton, melon, cowpea, tomato and alfalfa than they did on poinsettia. However, the F1 adults raised on the six field crops had significantly shorter lifespans and laid 11- to 18-fold fewer eggs than did the F1 adults raised on poinsettia. Taken together, while P＇06 may have some potential to establish on field crops, the shorter lifespans and extremely low fectmdities of the F1 adults raised on the six field crops suggests that P＇06 is incapable of rapidly adapting to them. Poor adaptation to field crops may explain, at least partially, why the Q biotype has not established in the US field system.

关键词： Bemisia tabaci host adaptation life history traits population establishment,Q-biotype.

Global Reference Grids for Big Earth Data

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Big Earth Data 2022年第3期6卷 251-255页

作者： robert G.Gibb Matthew B.j.Purss Zoheir Sabeur Peter Strobl Tengteng Qu Manaaki Whenua–Landcare Research Palmerston NorthNew Zealand Pangaea Innovations Pty.Ltd CanberraAustralia Department of Computing and Informatics Talbot CampusUniversity of BournemouthBournemouthUK European Commission Joint Research Centre(JRC)IspraItaly College of Engineering Peking UniversityBeijingChina

The emerging field of Discrete Global Grid Systems(DGGS)provides a way to organise,store and analyse spatio-temporal data at multiple resolutions and scales(from near global scales down to microns).DGGS partition the entire planet into a discrete hierarchy of global tessellations of progressively finer resolution zones(or cells).Data integration,decomposition and aggregation are optimised by assigning a unique spatio-temporal identifier to each *** identifiers are encodings of both the zone’s location and its *** a result,complex multi-dimensional,multi-resolution spatio-temporal operations are simplified into sets of 1D array and filter operations.

关键词： operations simplified partition

Does Selection for Seedling Tiller Number in Perennial Biomass Feedstocks Translate to Yield and Quality Improvements in Mature Swards?

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American j.urnal of Plant Sciences 2023年第11期14卷 1223-1234页

作者： robert B. Mitchell Kenneth P. Vogel Susan j. Tunnell j.mes L. Stubbendieck Wheat Sorghum and Forage Research Unit USDA-ARS Lincoln NE USA Department of Agronomy and Horticulture University of Nebraska Lincoln NE USA

Breeding for seedling traits in herbaceous perennial biomass feedstocks that translate into increased biomass yield or quality in established swards could accelerate the development of perennial grass cultivars for bioenergy or forage. In previously reported research, breeding for single large tillers (ST) or multiple tillers (MT, ≥3) six weeks after planting for two generations in big bluestem (Andropogon gerardii Vitman) and switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L.) base populations produced ST and MT populations that differed significantly for seedling and mature plant traits including biomass yield in spaced planted nurseries. Our obj.ctive was to evaluate these ST and MT populations in sward trials to determine the effect of these genetic changes on biomass yield and quality when the plants were grown in competitive sward conditions. Big bluestem monocultures of the base, ST, and MT populations were evaluated at three locations in Nebraska in 2001 and 2002 as randomized complete block experiments with four replicates. Switchgrass monocultures of the base, ST, and MT populations were evaluated in 2003, 2004, and 2005 near Mead, NE as a randomized complete block with six replicates. In both big bluestem and switchgrass, the ST and MT populations did not consistently differ from the base population or each other for biomass yield or forage quality. These results demonstrate the importance of evaluating perennial grasses in sward trials and not relying solely on greenhouse-grown plants or space-planted nurseries to develop selection criteria and make selection decisions.

关键词： Seedling Tiller Number Perennial Biomass

Tunable photocycle kinetics of a hybrid bacteriorhodopsin/quantum dot system

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Nano Research 2019年第2期12卷 365-373页

作者： Terianna j. Wax j.rdan A. Greco Shutang Chen Nicole L. Wagner j.ng Zhao robert R. Birge 55 North Eagleville Rd Department of Chemistry University of Connecticut Storrs CT 06269-3060 USA

The inclusion of inorganic nanoparticles in biological environments has led to the creation of hybrid nanosystems that are employed in a variety of applications. One such system includes quantum dots (QDs) coupled with the photoactive protein, bacteriorhodopsin (BR), which has been explored in developing enhanced photovoltaic devices. In this work, we have discovered that the kinetics of the BR photocycle can be manipulated using CdSe/CdS (core/shell) QDs. The photocycle lifetime of protein samples with varying QD amounts were monitored using time-resolved absorption spectroscopy. Concentration-dependent elongations of the bR and M state lifetimes were observed in the kinetic traces, thus suggesting that excitonic coupling occurs between BR and QDs. We propose that the pairing of BR with QDs has the potential to be utilized in protein-based computing applications, specifically for real-time holographic processors, which depend on the temporal dynamics of the bR and M photointermediates.

关键词： bacteriorhodopsin photocycle bionanotechnology photochromism quantum dot hybrid materials

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Temporal Bone 2010

Importance of bifurcation angle in bifurcation stenting

2010年

作者： j.hn I. Lane robert j. Witte

来源：畅想之星图书光盘版（南... 评论

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Chinese Medical j.urnal 2012年第22期125卷 4122-4125页

作者： Dobrin Vassilev Alexander Alexandrov Dan Le Katrina Nguyen j.mes Nguyen Hung Phan robert j. Gil Cardiac Catheterization Laboratory National Heart HospitalSofiaBulgaria"Medikacor"Heart HospitalRuseBulgaria Cardiac Catheterization Laboratory National Heart HospitalSofiaBulgaria Heart Failure Program the University of Alabama in Birmingham(UAB)BirminghamAlabamaUSA University of California at San Diego San DiegoCaliforniaUSA The University of Arizona Medical Center TucsonArizonaUSA Department of Medicine Weiss Memorial HospitalChicago IllinoisUSA Central Clinical Hospital of the Internal Affairs and Administration Ministry WarsawPolandInstitute of Experimental and Practical MedicinePolish Academy of ScienceWarsawPoland

Bifurcation coronary lesions are relatively frequent in today＇s interventional cardiology practice, averaging between 10%-15% of all interventions （PCIs）. Several percutaneous coronary problems inherent in the treatment of bifurcation lesions are periprocedural side branch （SB） compromise （composite of SB closure or appearance of significant ostial stenosis after main vessel （MV） stenting causing ischemia） frequently related to periprocedural myonecrosis,

关键词： bifurcation angle stenting

Spatio-temporal variation in childhood growth in Nigeria:a comparison of aggregation and interpolation

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International j.urnal of Digital Earth 2017年第11期10卷 1166-1176页

作者： Elise Hellwig robert j.Hij.ans Environmental Science and Policy University of CaliforniaDavisDavisCAUSA

The mean height-for-age Z-score(HAZ)of children under five is an important indicator of the health status of a *** values are frequently aggregated and reported at the national level,potentially obscuring important within-country *** evaluated aggregation and interpolation methods to provide sub-national estimates over space and time,using survey data from Nigeria in 1990,2003,2008,and *** aggregated HAZ values by region and by state,and interpolated the values spatially and spatio-temporally using thin plate *** results were evaluated with cross-validation using the root mean squared error(RMSE)as a measure of goodness of *** HAZ values increased from 1990 to 2013,but values rose more sharply in southern Nigeria than in the *** methods performed better than assuming a constant national *** state-level aggregation,and the spatial and spatio-temporal interpolations had similar RMSE values,but the interpolation methods showed more detailed spatial ***-temporal interpolation produced good results in all conditions,including in years with sparse sampling and when extrapolating to years for which there were no observations.

关键词： Height-for-age health surveys DHS prediction stunting

Recovery of spermatogenesis following testosterone replacement therapy or anabolic-androgenic steroid use

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Asian j.urnal of Andrology 2016年第3期18卷 373-380,I0007页

作者： j.Abram McBride robert M Coward Department of Urology University of North Carolina School of Medicine Chapel Hill NC 27599-7235 USA.

The use of testosterone replacement therapy （TRT） for hypogonadism continues to rise, particularly in younger men who may wish to remain fertile. Concurrently, awareness of a more pervasive use of anabolic-androgenic steroids （AAS） within the general population has been appreciated. Both TRT and AAS can suppress the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal （HPG） axis resulting in diminution of spermatogenesis. Therefore, it is important that clinicians recognize previous TRT or AAS use in patients presenting for infertility treatment. Cessation of TRT or AAS use may result in spontaneous recovery of normal spermatogenesis in a reasonable number of patients if allowed sufficient time for recovery. However, some patients may not recover normal spermatogenesis or tolerate waiting for spontaneous recovery. In such cases, clinicians must be aware of the pathophysiologic derangements of the HPG axis related to TRT or AAS use and the pharmacologic agents available to reverse them. The available agents include inj.ctable gonadotropins, selective estrogen receptor modulators, and aromatase inhibitors, but their off-label use is poorly described in the literature, potentially creating a knowledge gap for the clinician. Reviewing their use clinically for the treatment of hypogonadotropic hypogonadism and other HPG axis abnormalities can familiarize the clinician with the manner in which they can be used to recover spermatogenesis after TRT or AAS use.

关键词： anabolic steroids hypogonadism infertility spermatogenesis testosterone testosterone replacement therapy vasectomy reversal

On the numerical analysis of bed-load transport of saltating grains

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International j.urnal of Sediment Research 2013年第3期28卷 413-420页

作者： robert j.BIALIK Wlodzimierz CZERNUSZENKO Emeritus Department of Hydrology and Hydrodynamics Institute of GeophysicsPolish Academy of SciencesKs.Janusza 6401-452 WarsawPoland

The focus of this paper is on the analysis of the influence of particles' velocity distribution and their concentration on the sediment transport rate in bed-load from the Lagrangian *** aims are addressed by use of the relevant Lagrangian model of spherical saltating particles in which turbulence plays a significant *** Monte Carlo approach is employed in the simulations to obtain the velocity and concentration of the saltating *** simulations using two saltating particle models:(1) with;and(2) without particle-particle collisions are carried *** on the numerical results,we address the hypothesis that instead of averaged characteristics,the distributions of particles' velocity and sediment concentration should be taken into account in the calculation of sediment transport ***,our results also show that the interaction between particles during their collisions is the key for better understanding of the physics of sediment *** results are compared with well-known experimental formulae ***-Peter and Muller and Fernandez Luque and van Beek.

关键词： Bed-load transport Lagrangian approach Inter-particle collisions Saltation Sediment concentration