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Functional magnetic resonance imaging in an animal model of pancreatic cancer

World Journal of Gastroenterology 2010年第26期16卷 3292-3298页

作者： robert J Lewandowski Aaron C eifler David J Bentrem Johnathan C Chung Gayle e Woloschak robert Ryu Riad Salem Andrew C Larson Reed A Omary Department of Radiology Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine Chicago IL 60611 United States Department of Surgical Oncology Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine Chicago IL 60611 United States Department of Radiation Oncology Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine Chicago IL 60611 United States

AIM: To test the hypotheses that diffusion weighed (DW)and transcatheter intraarterial perfusion (TRIP)magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) can each be used to assess regional differences in tumor function in an animal pancreatic cancer ***: VX2 tumors were implanted in pancreata of 6 rabbits. MRI and digital subtraction angiography (DSA) were performed 3 wk following implantation. With a 2-French catheter secured in the rabbit's gastroduodenal artery, each rabbit was transferred to an adjacent 1.5T MRI scanner. DWand TRIP-MRI were performed to determine if necrotic tumor core could be differentiated from viable tumor periphery. For each, we compared mean differences between tumor core/ periphery using a 2-tailed paired t-test (α = 0.05). Imaging was correlated with histopathology. ReSULTS: Tumors were successfully grown in all rabbits, confirmed by necropsy. On DW-MRI, mean apparent diffusion coeffi cient (ADC) value was higher in necrotic tumor core (2.1 ± 0.3 mm2/s) than in viable tumor periphery (1.4 ± 0.5 mm2/s) (P ean perfusion values was higher in tumor periphery (110 ± 47 relative units) than in tumor core (66 ± 31 relative units) (P e used to differentiate necrotic from viable tumor cells in an animal pancreatic cancer model using ADC (DW-MRI) and perfusion (TRIP-MRI) values.

关键词： Animal model Functional magnetic resonance imaging Pancreatic cancer

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The liberatory thought of Martin Luther King Jr.

The liberatory thought of Martin Luther King Jr.

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作者： (1952-)Birt robert e.

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P-Lite: A study of parallel coordinate plot literacy

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Visual Informatics 2022年第3期6卷 81-99页

作者： elif e.Firat Alena Denisova Max L.Wilson robert S.Laramee School of Computer Science University of NottinghamUK Department of Computer Science University of YorkUK

Visualization literacy,the ability to interpret and comprehend visual designs,is recognized as an essential skill by the visualization *** identify and investigate barriers to comprehending parallel coordinates plots(PCPs),one of the advanced graphical representations for the display of multivariate and high-dimensional *** develop a parallel coordinates literacy test with diverse images generated using popular PCP software *** test improves PCP literacy and evaluates the user’s literacy *** introduce an interactive educational tool that assists the teaching and learning of parallel coordinates by offering a more active learning *** this pedagogical tool,we aim to advance novice users’parallel coordinates literacy *** on the hypothesis that an interactive tool that links traditional Cartesian Coordinates with PCPs interactively will enhance PCP literacy further than static slides,we compare the learning experience using traditional slides with our novel software tool and investigate the efficiency of the educational software with an online,crowdsourced ***-study results show that our pedagogical tool positively impacts a user’s PCP comprehension.

关键词： Human-centered computing Visualization systems and tool empirical studies in visualization

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elucidation of the MicroRNA Transcriptome in Western Corn Rootworm Reveals Its Dynamic and evolutionary Complexity

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Genomics, Proteomics & Bioinformatics 2021年第5期19卷 800-814页

作者： Xiaozeng Yang elane Fishilevich Marcelo A.German Premchand Gandra robert e.Mcewan André Billion eileen Knorr Andreas Vilcinskas Kenneth e.Narva Beijing Agro-biotechnology Research Center Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry SciencesBeijing 100097China Corteva Agriscience Agriculture Division of DowDuPontIndianapolisIN 46268USA University of Nebraska-Lincoln Department of EntomologyLincolnNE 68583USA Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied ecology Department of BioresourcesGiessen 35394Germany

Diabrotica virgifera virgifera(western corn rootworm,WCR)is one of the most destructive agricultural insect pests in North *** is highly adaptive to environmental stimuli and crop protection ***,little is known about the underlying genetic basis of WCR behavior and *** specifically,the involvement of small RNAs(s RNAs),especially micro RNAs(mi RNAs),a class of endogenous small non-coding RNAs that regulate various biological processes,has not been examined,and the datasets of putative s RNA sequences have not previously been generated for *** achieve a comprehensive collection of s RNA transcriptomes in WCR,we constructed,sequenced,and analyzed s RNA libraries from different life stages of WCR and northern corn rootworm(NCR),and identified 101 conserved precursor mi RNAs(pre-mi RNAs)in WCR and other *** also identified 277 corn rootworm specific pre-mi *** analyses of s RNA populations in WCR revealed that its s RNA transcriptome,which includes PIWI-interacting RNAs(pi RNAs)and mi RNAs,undergoes a dynamic change throughout insect *** analysis of mi RNA datasets from model species reveals that a large pool of species-specific mi RNAs exists in corn rootworm;these are potentially evolutionarily *** of WCR mi RNA clusters to other insect species highlight conserved mi RNA-regulated processes that are common to *** Analysis of RNA ends(PARe)also uncovered potential mi RNA-guided cleavage sites in ***,this study provides a new resource for studying the s RNA transcriptome and mi RNA-mediated gene regulation in WCR and other Coleopteran insects.

关键词： Western corn rootworm Small RNA MicroRNA Parallel Analysis of RNA ends PIWI-interacting RNA

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Recent Ventures in Interdisciplinary Arctic Research:The ARCPATH Project

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2024年第8期41卷 1559-1568页

作者： Astrid e.J.OGILVIe Leslie A.KING Noel KeeNLYSIDe François COUNILLON Brynhildur DAVIÐSDÓTTIR Níels eINARSSON Sergey GULeV Ke FAN Torben KOeNIGK James R.MCGOODWIN Marianne H.RASMUSSON Shuting YANG Institute of Arctic and Alpine Research(INSTAAR) University of ColoradoBoulder CO 80303USA Stefansson Arctic Institute AkureyriÍS-600Iceland Royal Roads University BC V9B 5Y2Canada University of Bergen Bergen N-5007Norway Nansen environmental and Remote Sensing Centre Bergen N-5007Norway University of Iceland Reykjavík 102Iceland Shirshov Institute of Oceanology Moscow 117218Russia Moscow State University Moscow 11991Russia Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100045China Swedish Meteorological and Hydrological Institute SE-60176 NorrköpingSweden Danish Meteorological Institute CopenhagenØ2100Denmark Obukhov Institute of Atmospheric Physics RAS119017MoscowRussia

This paper celebrates Professor Yongqi GAO's significant achievement in the field of interdisciplinary studies within the context of his final research project Arctic Climate Predictions: Pathways to Resilient Sustainable Societies-ARCPATH(https://***/en/projects/finished-projects/arcpath). The disciplines represented in the project are related to climatology, anthropology, marine biology, economics, and the broad spectrum of social-ecological studies. Team members were drawn from the Nordic countries, Russia, China, the United States, and Canada. The project was transdisciplinary as well as interdisciplinary as it included collaboration with local knowledge holders. ARCPATH made significant contributions to Arctic research through an improved understanding of the mechanisms that drive climate variability in the Arctic. In tandem with this research, a combination of historical investigations and social, economic, and marine biological fieldwork was carried out for the project study areas of Iceland, Greenland, Norway, and the surrounding seas, with a focus on the joint use of ocean and sea-ice data as well as social-ecological drivers. ARCPATH was able to provide an improved framework for predicting the near-term variation of Arctic climate on spatial scales relevant to society, as well as evaluating possible related changes in socioeconomic realms. In summary, through the integration of information from several different disciplines and research approaches, ARCPATH served to create new and valuable knowledge on crucial issues, thus providing new pathways to action for Arctic communities.

关键词： Recent Ventures in Interdisciplinary Arctic Research:The ARCPATH Project

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On the Chow Groups of Certain Cubic Fourfolds

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Acta Mathematica Sinica,english Series 2017年第7期33卷 887-898页

作者： robert LATeRVeeR Institut de Recherche Mathématique Avancée CNRS-Universitd de Strasbourg7 Rue Rene Descartes67084 Strasbourg CedexFrance

This note is about the Chow groups of a certain family of smooth cubic fourfolds. This family is characterized by the property that each cubic fourfold X in the family has an involution such that the induced involution on the Fano variety F of lines in X is symplectic and has a K3 surface S in the fixed locus. The main result establishes a relation between X and S on the level of Chow motives. As a consequence, we can prove finite-dimensionality of the motive of certain members of the family. Keywords Algebraic cycles, Chow groups, motives, cubic fourfolds, hyperkiihler varieties, K3 sur- faces, finite-dimensional motive

关键词： Algebraic cycles Chow groups motives cubic fourfolds hyperk?hler varieties K3 surfaces finite-dimensional motive

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Photoacoustic detection of circulating melanoma cells in late stage patients

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Journal of Innovative Optical Health Sciences 2020年第6期3卷 47-54页

作者： John A.Viator Marc Hazur Andrea Sajewski Ahmad Tarhini Martin e.Sanders robert H.edgar Department of engineering Duquesne University 600 Forbes Avenue PittsburghPennsylvania 15282USA Department of Bioengineering University of Pittsburgh 3700 O'Hara Street PittsburghPA 15260USA Moffitt Comprehensive Cancer Center and Research Institute 10920 McKinley Drive TampaFlorida 33612USA Acousys Biodevices Inc 1777 Highland Drive Ann ArborMichigan 48108USA

Melanoma is the deadliest skin cancer and is responsible for over 7000 deaths in the US *** spread of cancer,or metastasis,is responsible for these deaths,as secondary tumors interrupt normal organ *** tumor cells,or those cells that spread throughout the body from the primary tumor,are thought to be responsible for *** developed an optical method,photoacoustic flow cytometry,in order to detect and enumerate circulating melanoma cells(CMCs)from blood samples of *** tested the blood of StageⅣmelanoma patients to show the ability of the photoacoustic flow cytometer to detect these rare cells in *** then tested the system on archived blood samples from StageⅢmelanoma patients with known outcomes to determine if detection of CMCs can predict future *** detected between 0 and 66 CMCs in StageⅣ*** the StageⅢstudy,we found that of those samples with CMCs,two remained disease free and five developed *** those without CMCs,six remained disease free and one developed *** believe that photoacoustic detection of CMCs provides valuable information for the prediction of metastasis and we postulate a system for more accurate prognosis.

关键词： Diagnosis metastasis optoacoustics

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ecological correlates of invasion impact for Burmese pythons in Florida

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Integrative Zoology 2012年第3期7卷 254-270页

作者： robert N.ReeD John D.WILLSON Gordon H.RODDA Michael e.DORCAS US Geological Survey Fort Collins Science CenterFort CollinsColorado Department of Fish and Wildlife Conservation Virginia TechBlacksburgVirginia Department of Biology Davidson CollegeDavidsonNorth CarolinaUSA

An invasive population of Burmese pythons(Python molurus bivittatus)is established across several thousand square kilometers of southern Florida and appears to have caused precipitous population declines among several species of native *** has this giant snake had such great success as an invasive species when many established reptiles have failed to spread?We scored the Burmese python for each of 15 literature-based attributes relative to predefined comparison groups from a diverse range of taxa and provide a review of the natural history and ecology of Burmese pythons relevant to each *** focused on attributes linked to spread and magnitude of impacts rather than establishment *** results suggest that attributes related to body size and generalism appeared to be particularly applicable to the Burmese python’s success in *** attributes with the highest scores were:high reproductive potential,low vulnerability to predation,large adult body size,large offspring size and high dietary ***,attributes of ectotherms in general and pythons in particular(including predatory mode,energetic efficiency and social interactions)might have also contributed to invasion *** establishment risk assessments are an important initial step in prevention of new establishments,evaluating species in terms of their potential for spreading widely and negatively impacting ecosystems might become part of the means by which resource managers prioritize control efforts in environments with large numbers of introduced species.

关键词： body size Burmese python Florida invasive species Python molurus

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ZmGns,a maize class I β-1,3-glucanase,is induced by biotic stresses and possesses strong antimicrobial activity

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2015年第3期57卷 271-283页

作者： Yu-Rong Xie Yenjit Raruang Zhi-Yuan Chen robert L.Brown Thomas e.Cleveland Department of Plant Pathology and Crop Physiology Louisiana State University Agricultural Center Biotechnology Research Institute the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Southern Regional Research Center USDA-ARS

Plant b-1,3-glucanases are members of the pathogenesis-related protein 2（PR-2） family,which is one of the 17 PR protein families and plays important roles in biotic and abiotic stress *** of the differentially expressed proteins（spot 842） identified in a recent proteomic comparison between five pairs of closely related maize（Zea mays L.） lines differing in aflatoxin resistance was further investigated in the present ***,the corresponding cDNA was cloned from maize and designated as *** encodes a protein of338 amino acids containing a potential signal *** expression of Zm Gns was detectible in all tissues studied with the highest level in *** was significantly induced by biotic stresses including three bacteria and the fungus Aspergillus *** was also induced by most abiotic stresses tested and growth hormones including salicylic *** vivo,ZmGns showed a significant inhibitory activity against thebacterial pathogen Pseudomonas syringae *** DC3000 and fungal pathogen Botrytis cinerea when it overexpressed in *** high level of expression in the silk tissue and its induced expression by phytohormone treatment,as well as by bacterial and fungal infections,suggest it plays a complex role in maize growth,development,and defense.

关键词： β-1 3-Glucanase biological activity expression profiles Zea mays ZmGns

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Acetylsalicylic acid supplementation improves protein utilization efficiency while vitamin e supplementation reduces markers of the inflammatory response in weaned pigs challenged with enterotoxigenic ***

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2017年第1期8卷 143-153页

作者： Jae Cheol Kim Bruce P. Mullan John L. Black robert J. e. Hewitt robert J. van Barneveld John R. Pluske School of Veterinary and Life Sciences Murdoch University Murdoch WA 6150 Australia Department of Agriculture and Food Pork Innovation South Perth WA 6151 Australia John L Black Consulting Warrimoo NSW 2774 Australia SunPork Farms Solutions Loganholme QLD 4129 Australia Barneveld Nutrition Pry Ltd Loganholme QLD 4129 Australia

Background： This experiment was conducted to test the hypothesis that vitamin e（Vit e） and acetylsalicylic acid（ASA）, a cyclooxygenase-2（COX-2） inhibitor, will additively reduce the production of the immunosuppressive molecule prostaglandin e_2（PGe_2） and hence reduce inflammatory responses in weaner pigs experimentally infected with an enterotoxigenic strain of e. ***： The experiment was conducted in a research facility with 192 individually-housed male weaner pigs（Landrace × Large White） weighing 6.6 ± 0.04 kg（mean ± SeM）. The pigs were experimentally infected with an enterotoxigenic strain of e. coli and were allocated to a 2 × 3 factorial design with the respective factors being without and with 125 ppm ASA and three levels of Vit e supplementation（50, 100 or 200 IU/kg diet, dl-α-tocopheryl acetate）.Results： Acetylsalicylic acid supplementation improved average daily gain（P 〈 0.05） and tended to improve feed：gain ratio（P 〈 0.10） during the first 14 d after weaning. Acetylsalicylic acid supplementation also improved（P 〈 0.001） amino acid utilization efficiency（as assessed by plasma urea level） and tended to decrease（P 〈 0.10） PGe2 production in the liver without affecting smal intestinal histology and tight junction protein mR NA expression in the jejunal epithelium. Vitamin e supplementation greater than 100 IU/kg diet sustained both the plasma Vit e concentration（P 〈 0.001） and plasma haptoglobin content（P 〈 0.001） after weaning. However, there was no additive effects of the combined supplementation of ASA and Vit e on performance, intestinal barrier function and inflammatory responses of weaned ***： Although ASA and vitamin e improved amino acid utilization efficiency and reduced acute inflammatory responses, ASA and vitamin e did not additively reduce production of PGe2 and inflammatory responses in weaner pigs experimental y infected with an enterotoxigenic strain of e. coli.

关键词： Acetylsalicylic acid e.coli infection PGe_2 Vitamin e Weaner pigs

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