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Comparison of the Colonization Ability of Autochthonous and Allochthonous Strains of Lactobacilli in the Human Gastrointestinal Tract

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Advances in Microbiology 2012年第3期2卷 399-409页

作者： Steven A. Frese robert w. hutkins Jens w.lter Department of Food Science and Technology University of Nebraska Lincoln USA

Bacteria of the genus Lactobacillus are w.dely used as oral probiotics due to their putative health benefits. In this study, w. compared the colonization ability of tw. Lactobacillus strains that w.re identified as autochthonous to the human gastrointestinal tract (Lactobacillus reuteri ATCC PTA 6475 (MM4-1a) and (Lactobacillus mucosae FSL-04) w.th that of an allochthonous strain (Lactobacillus acidophilus DDS-1). Colonization ability w.s tested in a single-blinded, cross-over study, w.th tw.lve human subjects. The test strains w.re quantified in fecal samples by tw. independent methods, selective plating and molecular typing and quantitative real time PCR. The study revealed that the tw. autochthonous strains (L. reuteri ATCC PTA 6475 and L. mucosae FSL-04) reached higher population levels in fecal samples and w.re recovered more frequently from subjects compared to the allochthonous strain (L. acidophilus DDS-1). All three strains became undetectable 8 days after the end of consumption w.th one exception, show.ng that persistence of all three strains remains short term in most individuals. In conclusion, this study show.d that autochthonous Lactobacillus strains can be established more efficiently, albeit temporarily, in the human gastrointestinal tract, suggesting that evolutionary and ecological characteristics could be valuable criteria for the selection of probiotic strains.

关键词： Lactobacillus Probiotic Lactobacillus reuteri Lactobacillus mucosae Lactobacillus acidophilus Gut Microbiology Microbial Ecology Colonization Resistance

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Inhibition of lectin adherence to tissue culture cells by prebiotic carbohydrates

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Advances in Bioscience and Biotechnology 2013年第1期4卷 67-74页

作者： Maria X. Maldonado Terry Fangman Alvaro F. Pinto John H. Rupnow.robert w. hutkins Center for Biotechnology University of Nebraska Lincoln USA Department of Food Science and Technology University of Nebraska Lincoln USA Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Rehabilitation University of Nebraska Medical Center-Scott Technology Center Omaha USA

Prebiotic carbohydrates, in addition to their ability to influence the colonic microbiota, are also able to inhibit attachment of pathogenic bacteria to epithelial cells. This effect is mediated via their structural similarity to the carbohydrate ligands, located on the mucosal cell surface to w.ich bacterial lectins attach. How.ver, the mechanism for this inhibition is not w.ll understood. The goal of this research w.s to measure the effect of tw. prebiotic carbohydrates, galactooli-gosaccharide and polydextrose, on the binding kinetics of plant lectins, having know. ligand specificity, to tissue culture cells. To measure adherence, competetion experiments w.re conducted w.th HEp-2 cells exposed to nine fluorescent-labeled lectins and either the cognate ligand or a prebiotic. Fluorescence microscopy and image analysis w.re used to quantify adherence. Lectins that w.re able to bind to target cells w.re significantly inhibited in the presence of the cognate ligands. w.en prebiotics w.re added, inhibittion of lectin binding w.s observed, depending on the structural similarity betw.en the prebiotic and the cognate ligands. In general, PDX did not inhibit lectin attachment, w.ereas GOS significantly inhibited most lectins. This research suggests that receptor sites located on the surface of epithelial HEp-2 cells are structurally similar to GOS.

关键词： Prebiotics Lectins Adherence Tissue Culture

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