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Journal of Environmental sciences 2015年第1期27卷 159-167页

作者： Nicolás M.Peleato robert C.Andrews Department of Civil Engineering University of Toronto

This work investigated the application of several fluorescence excitation–emission matrix analysis methods as natural organic matter（NOM） indicators for use in predicting the formation of trihalomethanes（THMs） and haloacetic acids（HAAs）. Waters from four different sources（two rivers and two lakes） were subjected to jar testing followed by 24 hr disinfection by-product formation tests using chlorine. NOM was quantified using three common measures： dissolved organic carbon, ultraviolet absorbance at 254 nm, and specific ultraviolet absorbance as well as by principal component analysis, peak picking,and parallel factor analysis of fluorescence spectra. Based on multi-linear modeling of THMs and HAAs, principle component（PC） scores resulted in the lowest mean squared prediction error of cross-folded test sets（THMs： 43.7（μg/L）^2, HAAs： 233.3（μg/L）^2）. Inclusion of principle components representative of protein-like material significantly decreased prediction error for both THMs and HAAs. Parallel factor analysis did not identify a protein-like component and resulted in prediction errors similar to traditional NOM surrogates as well as fluorescence peak picking. These results support the value of fluorescence excitation–emission matrix–principal component analysis as a suitable NOM indicator in predicting the formation of THMs and HAAs for the water sources studied.

关键词： Natural organic matter Fluorescence Principal component analysis PARAFAC Disinfection byproducts Drinking water

Evaluation of the Living Conditions and Health Perceptions of Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment Handlers in the Informal sector in Dakar

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Occupational Diseases and Environmental Medicine 2024年第2期12卷 115-129页

作者： robert Faomowe Foko Awa Ndong Marius Kedote Fatoumata Bah Absa Lam Cheikh Diop Aminata Toure Mathilde Cabral Mamadou Fall Laboratoire de Toxicologie et d’ Hydrologie Facult&#233 de M&#233decine Pharmacie et Odontostomalogie Universit&#233 Cheikh Anta Diop de Dakar Dakar S&#233n&#233gal Unité Mixte de Recherche d&#8217Exploration et de Diagnostic Unit&#233 de Formation et de Recherche des Sciences de la Sant&#233 Universit&#233 Iba Der Thiam de Thi&#232s Thi&#232s S&#233n&#233gal Institut Ré gional de Sant&#233 Publique Universit&#233 d&#8217Abomey-Calavi Ouidah B&#233nin

Electrical and electronic devices are becoming an increasingly important part of our society. In Africa, and in senegal in particular, the handling and management of electronic and electrical equipment (EEE) that has reached the end of its life is mainly informal. This professional environment is characterized by the disintegration of the sector and the social heterogeneity that can be found there. The objective of this study is to assess the standard of living of electrical and electronic equipment waste handlers in the Dakar region, as well as their perception of their health. A survey was used to obtain information on sociodemographic background, living arrangements, perception of health status, and good practices to be implemented in case of work-related health problems. Life style, perception of general health and health problems were ranged as excellent, very good, good, average and poor. Informal recyclers in the Dakar region lived mainly in rooms and buildings as tenants (49.1%), or in family homes (48.4%) before starting this activity, and 51.2% continue to live in rooms and buildings as tenants compared to 41.4% who still live in a family home. The perception of health status ranged from poor to excellent, and 4.9% believe that they are limited in work due to a disability or health problem. Informal work is a heterogeneous phenomenon that makes research and policymaking particularly complex. There are several external factors within informal WEEE re-cyclers that can cause health problems or functional disability. However, the living conditions and the perception they have of their state of health are contradictory to the working conditions and the social environment to which they belong. A biomedical approach would consolidate these achievements by confirming or invalidating them.

关键词： E-Waste Informal Work Living Arrangements Health Perception Occupational Exposure

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公园道1号超高层公寓楼

世界建筑导报 2024年第3期39卷 118-121页

作者： Iwan Baan(摄) robert Rieger(摄) 不详

特征标签。该超高层公寓塔楼位于伦敦不断扩大的金丝雀码头新区,将成为该码头新区的一部分。建筑塔楼有助于重塑码头新区最后一大片未被开发场地的发展特征。它是一座同时具有标志造型和人性化规模的公寓塔楼,体现了其之于新环境的愿景... 详细信息

特征标签。该超高层公寓塔楼位于伦敦不断扩大的金丝雀码头新区,将成为该码头新区的一部分。建筑塔楼有助于重塑码头新区最后一大片未被开发场地的发展特征。它是一座同时具有标志造型和人性化规模的公寓塔楼,体现了其之于新环境的愿景、全球活力社区的延伸以及生活化社区的全新开始。塔楼几何。以现有金丝雀码头新区的建筑为背景,新塔楼的圆形外观明显区别于其正交范围内的邻居。塔楼的形态外观是超高层公寓建筑的一份声明。这栋住宅塔楼也给商业空间占据主导位置的地区增添了全新维度。项目位于金丝雀码头新区的西端,其圆形的塔楼外观能从四面八方看到,包括金丝雀码头的街道、新长廊和周围的水道。塔楼建筑还同时处理了当下和未来的背景语境,没有任何一个立面会比另一个立面更高。

关键词：高层公寓活力社区塔楼主导位置金丝雀码头立面人性化住宅

ECHOCARDIOGRAPHIC FINDINGs IN TOTAL ANOMALOUs PULMONARY VENOUs RETURN(TAPVR)TO THE CORONARY sINUs

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中华医学杂志(英文版) 1979年第10期92卷 703-708页

作者： robert L Wilson Michael s shaub MD Director of Diagnostic Ultrasound Harbor General HospitalTorrance MD Assistant Clinical Professor of Radiologic sciences UCLA School of MedicineLos AngelesU.S.A.

Two patients with total anomalous pulmo-nary venous return(TAPVR)to the coronarysinus are *** patients were neo-nates,cyanotic and had heart *** case the diagnosis was suggested on theechocardiogram,but a definitive diagnosis re-quired *** echocardiogram ofeach patient demonstrated an additional cham-ber posterior to the left atrium in the regionof the atrioventricular groove which subse-quently proved to be an enlarged *** the time of catheterization,cardio-green dye was injected and the results observedon A-mode in the catheterization *** could not be obtained of the A-mode display.

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Biomarkers in the diagnosis of pancreatic cancer: Are we closer to finding the golden ticket?

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2021年第26期27卷 4045-4087页

作者： robert s O'Neill Alina stoita Department of Gastroenterology St Vincent's Hospital SydneySydney 2010Australia st George and sutherland Clinical school Faculty of MedicineUniversity of New South WalesSydney 2010Australia st Vincent’s Clinical school Faculty of MedicineUniversity of New South WalesSydney 2010Australia

Pancreatic cancer(PC)is a leading cause of cancer related mortality on a global *** disease itself is associated with a dismal prognosis,partly due to its silent nature resulting in patients presenting with advanced disease at the time of *** combat this,there has been an explosion in the last decade of potential candidate biomarkers in the research setting in the hope that a diagnostic biomarker may provide a glimmer of hope in what is otherwise quite a substantial clinical ***,serum carbohydrate antigen 19-9 is utilized in the diagnostic work-up of patients diagnosed with PC however this biomarker lacks the sensitivity and specificity associated with a gold-standard *** the search for a biomarker that is both sensitive and specific for the diagnosis of PC,there has been a paradigm shift towards a focus on liquid biopsy and the use of diagnostic panels which has subsequently proved to have efficacy in the diagnosis of ***,promising developments in the field of early detection on PC using diagnostic biomarkers include the detection of microRNA(miRNA)in serum and circulating tumour *** these modalities,although in their infancy and yet to be widely accepted into routine clinical practice,possess merit in the early detection of *** reviewed over 300 biomarkers with the aim to provide an in-depth summary of the current state-of-play regarding diagnostic biomarkers in PC(serum,urinary,salivary,faecal,pancreatic juice and biliary fluid).

关键词： Pancreatic cancer Cancer Biomarkers Diagnostic Review

Implications of vessel co-option in sorafenib-resistant hepatocellular carcinoma

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Chinese Journal of Cancer 2016年第12期35卷 641-644页

作者： Elizabeth A.Kuczynski robert s.Kerbel sunnybrook Research Institute 2075 Bayview AvenueS-WingRoom S217TorontoON M4N 3M5Canada

The reason why tumors generally have a modest or transient response to antiangiogenic therapy is not well understood. This poses a major challenge for sorafenib treatment of advanced hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) where alternate therapies are lacking. We recently published a paper entitled "Co-option of liver vessels and not sprouting angiogenesis drives acquired sorafenib resistance in hepatocellular carcinoma" in the Journal of the National Cancer Institute, providing a potential explanation for this limited beneit. We found that in mice bearing HCCs that had acquired resistance to sorafenib, tumors had switched from using angiogenesis for growth to co-opting the liver vasculature by becoming more invasive. Accumulating evidence suggests that many human tumor types may use vessel co-option, which has profound implications for the use of anti-angiogenic agents for cancer treatment.

关键词： Vessel co-option Non-angiogenic Resistance sorafenib Hepatocellular carcinoma

Nuclear morphometry, nucleomics and prostate cancer progression

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2012年第3期14卷 375-384,I0005页

作者： robert W Veltri Christhunesa s Christudass sumit Isharwal Fisher Biomarker ＆ Biorepository Laboratory The Brady Urological Research Institute Baltimore MD 21287 USA The Brady Urological Research Institute Johns Hopkins Hospital Baltimore MD 21287 USA Urologic surgery University of Minnesota Medical School Minneapolis MN 55455 USA

Prostate cancer （PCa） results from a multistep process. This process includes initiation, which occurs through various aging events and multiple insults （such as chronic infection, inflammation and genetic instability through reactive oxygen species causing DNA double-strand breaks）, followed by a multistep process of progression. These steps include several genetic and epigenetic alterations, as well as alterations to the chromatin structure, which occur in response to the carcinogenic stress-related events that sustain proliferative signaling. Events such as evading growth suppressors, resisting cell death, enabling replicative immortality, inducing angiogenesis, and activating invasion and metastasis are readily observed. In addition, in conjunction with these critical drivers of carcinogenesis, other factors related to the etiopathogenesis of PCa, involving energy metabolism and evasion of the immune surveillance system, appear to be involved. In addition, when cancer spread and metastasis occur, the ＇tumor microenvironment＇ in the bone of PCa patients may provide a way to sustain dormancy or senescence and eventually establish a ＇seed and soil＇ site where PCa proliferation and growth may occur over time. When PCa is initiated and progression ensues, significant alterations in nuclear size, shape and heterochromatin （DNA transcription） organization are found, and key nuclear transcriptional and structural proteins, as well as multiple nuclear bodies can lead to precancerous and malignant changes. These series of cellular and tissue-related malignancy-associated events can be quantified to assess disease progression and management.

关键词： active surveillance cancer metastasis cancer progression digital image analysis molecular biomarkers morphologicalbiomarkers nuclear morphometry nuclear proteins and nuclear structure prostate cancer

simulating Resin Infusion through Textile Reinforcement Materials for the Manufacture of Complex Composite structures

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Engineering 2017年第5期3卷 596-607页

作者： robert s. Pierce Brian G. Falzon Northern Ireland Advanced Composites and Engineering Centre Belfast BT3 9DZ UK school of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Queen's University Belfast Belfast BT9 5AH UK

Increasing demand for weight reduction and greater fuel efficiency continues to spur the use of composite materials in commercial aircraft structures. subsequently, as composite aerostructures become larger and more complex, traditional autoclave manufacturing methods are becoming prohibitively expensive. This has prompted renewed interest in out-of-autoclave processing techniques in which resins are introduced into a reinforcing preform. However, the success of these resin infusion methods is highly dependent upon operator skill and experience, particularly in the development of new manufacturing strategies for complex parts. Process modeling, as a predictive computational tool, aims to address the issues of reliability and waste that result from traditional trial-and-error approaches. Basic modeling attempts, many of which are still used in industry, generally focus on simulating fluid flow through an isotropic porous reinforcement material. How- ever, recent efforts are beginning to account for the multiscale and multidisciplinary complexity of woven materials, in simulations that can provide greater fidelity. In particular, new multi-physics process models are able to better predict the infusion behavior through textiles by considering the effect of fabric deformation on permeability and porosity properties within the reinforcing material. In addition to reviewing pre- vious research related to process modeling and the current state of the art, this paper highlights the recent validation of a multi-physics process model against the experimental infusion of a complex double dome component. By accounting for deformation-dependent flow behavior, the multi-physics process model was able to predict realistic flow behavior, demonstrating considerable improvement over basic isotropic permeability models.

关键词： Composite materials Textile reinforcement Draping Infusion Numerical modeling

Gene therapy: light is finally in the tunnel

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Protein & Cell 2011年第12期2卷 973-989页

作者： Huibi Cao robert s.Molday Jim Hu Programme in Physiology and Experimental Medicine Hospital for Sick ChildrenDepartments of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiologyand PaediatricsUniversity of TorontoTorontoOntario M5G1X8Canada Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology 2350 Health Sciences MallUniversity of British ColumbiaVancouverB.C.V6T 1Z3Canada

After two decades of ups and downs,gene therapy has recently achieved a milestone in treating patients with Leber’s congenital amaurosis(LCA).LCA is a group of inherited blinding diseases with retinal degeneration and severe vision loss in early *** in several genes,including RPE65,cause the *** adenoassociated virus as a vector,three independent teams of investigators have recently shown that RPE65 can be delivered to retinal pigment epithelial cells of LCA patients by subretinal injections resulting in clinical benefits without side ***,considering the whole field of gene therapy,there are still major obstacles to clinical applications for other *** obstacles include innate and immune barriers to vector delivery,toxicity of vectors and the lack of sustained therapeutic gene ***,new strategies are needed to overcome these hurdles for achieving safe and effective gene *** this article,we shall review the major advancements over the past two decades and,using lung gene therapy as an example,discuss the current obstacles and possible solutions to provide a roadmap for future gene therapy research.

关键词： gene therapy transgenes viral vector non-viral vector helper-dependent adenoviral vector adenoassociated virus lentivirus cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator(CFTR) host immune responses

Transesterification of sunflower oil in microchannels with circular obstructions

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2018年第4期26卷 852-863页

作者： Harrson s.santana Joao L.silva jr Deborah s.Tortola Osvaldir P.Taranto school of Chemical Engineering University of Campinas13083-852 CampinasSPBrazil Federal Institute of Education Science and Technology of South of Minas Gerais-IFSULDEMINAS37560-260 Poaso AlegreMGBrazil

The present paper studied numerical and experimentally the transesterification reaction between sunflower oil and ethanol with NaO H catalyst in microchannels with circular obstructions. The micromixer design influence on fluid mixing and oil conversion was investigated for a range of operating conditions: Reynolds number(Re = 0.1–100),Temperature(25–75 °C), ethanol/oil molar ratio(6-12), and catalyst concentration(0.75 wt%–1.25 wt%), using three microchannel configurations(Length = 35 mm; Width = 1500 μm; Height = 200 μm): T-shape – channel without obstructions; MCO – channel with 3 obstructions ensemble – equally disposed over longitudinal length;MWO – channel with 7 obstructions ensemble. The MCO micromixer was based on literature work, and the MWO is a totally new micromixer design. Experimental tests were conducted in similar conditions in microreactors using these micromixers(Length = 411 mm) made of polydimethylsiloxane. The MCO configuration presented the highest performance(mixing index of 0.80 at Re = 100), oil conversion of 81.13% at 75 °C, molar ratio of 9 and catalyst concentration of 1%. Experimental results showed high conversions for MCO and MWO configurations(99.99%) at 50 °C, molar ratio of 9 and catalyst concentration of 1%, with a residence time of 12 s.

关键词： Biodiesel sunflower oil-ethanol Transesterification reaction Circular obstructions Microreactor Numerical simulation