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Preventive Oncology International:A brief history of HPV self-collected vaginal specimens for cervical cancer screening

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Gynecology and Obstetrics Clinical Medicine 2023年第3期3卷 144-148页

作者： Jerome L.Belinson robert G.pretorius Ruifang Wu Youlin Qiao Preventive Oncology International Inc.Women's Health InstituteCleveland ClinicUSA Department of Ob/Gyn Southern California Permanente GroupFontanaCAUSA Department of Ob/Gyn Peking University Shenzhen HospitalShenzhenChina School of Population Medicine and Public Health Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences&Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing100005PR China

Since 1998,Preventive Oncology International,Inc.(POI)has been at the forefront of studying human papillomavirus(HPV)self-collection for cervical cancer screening,with a significant focus in *** multiple clinical trials over the past 25 years,POI has explored various aspects related to self-collection *** 2004–2006,POI established that self-collection could be equivalent to direct endocervical ***,a large randomized trial involving 10,000 patients in 2010 further confirmed that self-collected vaginal specimens,tested for high-risk HPV(hrHPV)using a PCR-based assay with high analytic sensitivity,could effectively replace endocervical specimens with minimal loss of sensitivity and a slight decrease in *** the years,POI's research has encompassed several crucial topics,including patient acceptance,the development of new cost-effective,simpler,and faster assays,exploring different collection devices,devising efficient methods of specimen transport,and implementing population-based screening *** findings strongly support the integration of self-collection methodologies into cervical cancer control programs worldwide,particularly in medically underserved *** HPV self-collection continues to evolve,ongoing research and innovations are expected to play a pivotal role in achieving the global mission of combating cervical cancer.

关键词： Human papillomavirus(HPV) Self-collection Self-sampling Cervical cancer screening

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Inappropriate Gold Standard Bias In Cervical Cancer Screening Studies

Inappropriate Gold Standard Bias In Cervical Cancer Screenin...

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24th International Papillomavirus Conference and Clinical Workshop

作者： robert pretorius Jerome Belinson Raoul Burchette Jennifer Smith Dept Ob/Gyn Southern California Permanente Medical Group-FontanaFontanaCA92335USA Dept Ob/GynThe Cleveland Clinic FoundationClevelandOH44195USA Dept.Research and Evaluation Southern California Permanente Medical GroupLosRoblesCAUSA Dept.Epidemiology Univ.North CarolinaChapelHillNC27599USA

＜正＞*** acid aided visual inspection（VIA）and colposcopic-directed biopsy both miss small ≥ cervical intraepithelial neoplasia（CIN） *** object of this review is to determine whether inflation of sensitivity of VIA occurs when colposcopic- directed biopsy is the gold standard for ≥ CIN 2. *** reviewed 375 women with ≥ CIN 2 from the Shanxi Province Cervical Cancer Screening Study Ⅱ.These women

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Constant Prevalence Of Human Papillomavirus Dna By Age In Five Distinct Geographical Areas Of China

Constant Prevalence Of Human Papillomavirus Dna By Age In Fi...

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24th International Papillomavirus Conference and Clinical Workshop

作者： Jennifer Smith Jerome Belinson robert pretorius Frank Taddeo Kia-Li Liaw UNC-Chapel Hill Cleveland Clinic SCPMG Fontana Merck＆Co. Inc. Merck＆Co. Inc.

＜正＞Background:Data on the disease burden of HPV infection,precursor CIN or invasive cervical cancer（ICC）are not available in many areas of China among reproductive-aged women. Objective:Evaluate the prevalence of HPV DNA and cervical disease in women from diverse geographical regions of China, stratified by age.

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醋酸涂抹法在宫颈癌筛查中的应用价值

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癌症 2003年第10期22卷 1096-1098页

作者：吴令英李楠章文华李凌潘秦镜乔友林戎寿德赵方辉 robert G.pretorius Jerome L.Belinson 中国协和医科大学中国医学科学院肿瘤医院妇瘤科北京100021 中国协和医科大学中国医学科学院肿瘤医院病理科北京100021 中国协和医科大学中国医学科学院肿瘤医院肿瘤研究所流行病室北京100021 凯瑟医疗系统妇瘤科盆腔外科美国加州克里夫兰医学中心妇产科美国俄亥俄州

背景与目的:目前,宫颈癌发病率在我国一些经济落后地区仍较高。原因之一是在这些地区难以开展宫颈细胞学涂片检查宫颈癌的普查工作。本研究通过分析应用醋酸涂抹法检测宫颈上皮内瘤样病变(cervicalintraepithelialneoplasia,CIN)及宫颈... 详细信息

背景与目的:目前,宫颈癌发病率在我国一些经济落后地区仍较高。原因之一是在这些地区难以开展宫颈细胞学涂片检查宫颈癌的普查工作。本研究通过分析应用醋酸涂抹法检测宫颈上皮内瘤样病变(cervicalintraepithelialneoplasia,CIN)及宫颈癌的敏感性和特异性,从而评价其在宫颈癌筛查中的应用价值。方法:对山西省襄垣县年龄为35～45岁的1997名妇女进行宫颈癌普查,首先应用5%醋酸涂抹法,同时对每名妇女均进行高危型人乳头状瘤病毒(humanpapillomavirus,HPV)DNA的检查、液基细胞学及阴道镜检查,在阴道镜下对病变区或每个正常象限的宫颈鳞柱上皮交界处的2、4、8、10点取活检,并行宫颈管刮出物病检,病理检查结果为金标准。结果:病理检查证实CINⅡ级43例,CINⅢ级31例,宫颈浸润癌12例。2例妇女仅颈管刮出物阳性,其中1例为CINⅡ级,另1例为CINⅢ级。醋酸涂抹法诊断结果为:正常1445例(72.4%),低度病变525例(26.3%),高度病变21例(1.0%),宫颈癌6例(0.3%)。醋酸涂抹法诊断为低度病变或其以上病变者中,经病理检查证实为CINⅡ级及其以上病变的检出敏感性为70.9%(61/86),特异性为74.3%(1420/1911),对小病灶的敏感性为64.9%(37/57),而大的病灶达88.9%(24/27)。阴道镜对高度病变的检出率为81.4%(70/86),特异性为76.

关键词：醋酸涂抹法宫颈癌筛查敏感性特异性

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Predicting the coefficient of friction in a sliding contact by applying machine learning to acoustic emission data

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Friction 2024年第6期12卷 1299-1321页

作者： robert GUTIERREZ Tianshi FANG robert MAINWARING Tom REDDYHOFF Tribology Group Department of Mechanical EngineeringImperial College LondonExhibition RoadLondon SW72AZUK Shell Global Solutions(US)Inc.Shell Technology Center Houston 3333 Highway 6 SouthHoustonTX 77082USA Shell International Petroleum Company Limited Shell CentreYork RoadLondon SE17NAUK

It is increasingly important to monitor sliding interfaces within machines,since this is where both energy is lost,and failures *** emission(AE)techniques offer a way to monitor contacts remotely without requiring transparent or electrically conductive ***,acoustic data from sliding contacts is notoriously complex and difficult to ***,we simultaneously measure coefficient of friction(with a conventional force transducer)and acoustic emission(with a piezoelectric sensor and high acquisition rate digitizer)produced by a steel‒steel rubbing *** data is then used to train machine learning(ML)algorithms(e.g.,Gaussian process regression(GPR)and support vector machine(SVM))to correlated acoustic emission with *** training requires the dense AE data to first be reduced in size and a range of processing techniques are assessed for this(e.g.,down-sampling,averaging,fast Fourier transforms(FFTs),histograms).Next,fresh,unseen AE data is given to the trained model and the resulting friction predictions are compared with the directly measured *** is excellent agreement between the measured and predicted friction when the GPR model is used on AE histogram data,with root mean square(RMS)errors as low as 0.03 and Pearson correlation coefficients reaching ***,predictions remain accurate despite changes in test conditions such as normal load,reciprocating frequency,and stroke *** paves the way for remote,acoustic measurements of friction in inaccessible locations within machinery to increase mechanical efficiency and avoid costly failure/needless maintenance.

关键词： acoustic emission condition monitoring friction machine learning Gaussian process regression support vector machine

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A general mirror equivalence theorem for coset vertex operator algebras

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Science China Mathematics 2024年第10期67卷 2237-2282页

作者： robert McRae Yau Mathematical Sciences Center Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China

We prove a general mirror duality theorem for a subalgebra U of a simple conformal vertex algebra A and its commutant V=ComA(U).Specifically,we assume that A≌■_(i∈I)U_(i)■V_(i) as a U■V-module,where the U-modules Uiare simple and distinct and are objects of a semisimple braided ribbon category of Umodules,and the V-modules Viare semisimple and contained in a(not necessarily rigid) braided tensor category of *** also assume U=ComA(V).Under these conditions,we construct a braid-reversed tensor equivalence τ:u_(A)→v_(A),where u_(A)is the semisimple category of U-modules with simple objects Ui,i∈I,and v_(A)is the category of V-modules whose objects are finite direct sums of *** particular,the V-modules Viare simple and distinct,and v_(A)is a rigid tensor *** an application,we find a rigid semisimple tensor subcategory of modules for the Virasoro algebra at central charge 13+6p+6p^(-1),p∈Z_(≥2), which is braided tensor equivalent to an abelian 3-cocycle twist of the category of finite-dimensional ***,the Virasoro vertex operator algebra at central charge 13+6p+6p^(-1)is the PSL_(2)(C)-fixed-point subalgebra of a simple conformal vertex algebra w(-p),analogous to the realization of the Virasoro vertex operator algebra at central charge 13-6p-6p^(-1)as the PSL_(2)(C)-fixed-point subalgebra of the triplet algebra W(p).

关键词： vertex operator algebras coset conformal eld theory braid-reversed tensor equivalence Virasoro algebra

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Necrotic enteritis and antibiotic-free production of broiler chickens:Challenges in testing and using alternative products

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Animal Nutrition 2024年第1期16卷 288-298页

作者： robert J.Moore School of Science RMIT University

The global trend towards raising broiler chickens without the use of in-feed antibiotics(IFAs) means that there is an ongoing need to develop alternative treatments capable of delivering the benefits that IFAs previously provided. IFAs supported the productivity performance of chickens and played a key role in maintaining their health. Necrotic enteritis(NE) is an important disease of broilers that affects health,productivity, and welfare, and was previously well controlled by IFAs. However, with the reduction in IFA use, NE is resurgent in some countries. Vaccines and various feed additives, including pre-, pro-, and postbiotics, phytobiotics, fatty acids, and phage therapies have been introduced as alternative methods of NE control. While some of these feed additives have specific activity against the NE pathogen, Clostridium perfringens, most have the more general goal of reinforcing gut health. Extensive reviews of the effects of many of these feed additives on gut health have been published recently. Hence, rather than cover previously well reviewed areas of research this review focuses on the challenges and pitfalls in undertaking experimental assessment of alternative NE treatments and translating laboratory research to real world commercial production settings. The review is based on the author's particular experience,reading, thoughts, and analysis of the available information and inevitably presents a particular understanding that is likely to be at odds with others thinking on these issues. It is put forward to stimulate thinking and discussion on the issues covered.

关键词： Necrotic enteritis Clostridium perfringens Vaccines Feed additive Farm management

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A detailed rock density model of the Hong Kong territories

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Geodesy and Geodynamics 2024年第1期15卷 75-81页

作者： Albertini Nsiah Ababio robert Tenzer Department of Land Surveying and Geo-Informatics Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHong KongChina

We used the geological map and published rock density measurements to compile the digital rock density model for the Hong Kong *** then estimated the average density for the whole *** to our result,the rock density values in Hong Kong vary from 2101 to 2681 kg·m^(-3).These density values are typically smaller than the average density of 2670 kg·m^(-3),often adopted to represent the average density of the upper continental crust in physical geodesy and gravimetric geophysics *** finding reflects that the geological configuration in Hong Kong is mainly formed by light volcanic formations and lava flows with overlying sedimentary deposits at many locations,while the percentage of heavier metamorphic rocks is very low(less than 1%).This product will improve the accuracy of a detailed geoid model and orthometric heights.

关键词： Density model Rock types Gravimetric modeling Hong Kong

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The concept of gene therapy for glaucoma:the dream that has not come true yet

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第1期19卷 92-99页

作者： robert Sulak Xiaonan Liu Adrian Smedowski Department of Physiology Faculty of Medical Sciences in KatowiceMedical University of Silesia in KatowiceKatowicePoland Institute of Biotechnology HiLIFEUniversity of HelsinkiHelsinkiFinland GlaucoTech Co. KatowicePoland

Gene therapies,despite of being a relatively new therapeutic approach,have a potential to become an important alternative to current treatment strategies in *** glaucoma is not considered a single gene disease,the identified goals of gene therapy would be rather to provide neuroprotection of retinal ganglion cells,especially,in intraocular-pressure-independent *** most commonly reported type of vector for gene delivery in glaucoma studies is adeno-associated virus serotype 2 that has a high tro pism to retinal ganglion cells,res ulting in long-term expression and low immunogenic *** gene thera py studies recruit inducible and genetic animal models of optic neuropathy,like DBA/2J mice model of high-tension glaucoma and the optic nerve *** gene therapy-based neuroprotection of retinal ganglion cells is targeting specific genes translating to growth factors(i.e.,brain derived neurotrophic factor,and its receptor TrkB),regulation of apoptosis and neurodegeneration(i.e.,Bcl-xl,Xiap,FAS system,nicotinamide mononucleotide adenylyl transferase 2,Digit3 and Sarm1),immunomodulation(i.e.,Crry,C3 complement),modulation of neuroinflammation(i.e.,e rythropoietin),reduction of excitotoxicity(i.e.,Com KIlα)and transcription regulation(i.e.,Max,Nrf2).On the other hand,some of gene therapy studies focus on lowering intra ocular pressure,by impacting genes involved in both,decreasing aqueous humor production(i.e.,aquaporin 1),and increasing outflow facility(i.e.,COX2,prostaglandin F2a receptor,RhoA/RhoA kinase signaling pathway,MMP1,Myocilin).The goal of this review is to summarize the current stateof-art and the direction of development of gene therapy strategies for glaucomatous neuropathy.

关键词： adeno-associated virus gene editing gene therapy glaucoma IOP lowering IOP-independent mechanisms neuroprotection optic nerve optic neuropathy retinal ganglion cells

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Optimization of product characteristics of porous carbon agglomerates using a design of experiments in fluidized bed agglomeration

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Particuology 2024年第6期89卷 258-269页

作者： Martin Oelofse robert Rack Marcelle Hilden Peter Langguth Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmaceutics Johannes Gutenberg UniversityMainzGermany Carbon Advanced Solutions GmbH HeuchelheimGermany

Spraying parameters during particle agglomeration processes can affect the agglomeration kinetics and particle *** study was conducted to better understand the influence of the spraying parameters in a fluidized bed wet agglomeration process,and the influence on the stability characteristics of carbon tablets.A formulation based on fine carbon and peroxide powder,as well as carboxymethyl cellulose as a binder,was used to produce agglomerates in a first production *** in a second production step carbon tablets with a high porosity were molded for the customer goods *** optimization of the compressive strength of these carbon tablets was the goal of the *** agglomerates were produced with a laboratory scale granulator called“ProCell”and were compressed with a five-cavity mechanical *** screening of the agglomeration process parameters and their influence on the agglomerates quality,as well as the performance characteristics of the carbon tablets,were investigated using a multilevel factorial *** experimental runs were done by varying atomized air pressure and feed rate of the *** was determined by the design *** findings of the statistical trials showed that low atomized air pressure and a low feed rate lead to a higher tablet compressive strength.

关键词： Wet agglomeration Fluidized bed Design of experiments Carbon agglomerates and tablets

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