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Are we close to using Alzheimer blood biomarkers in clinical p.actice?

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第12期19卷 2583-2585页

作者： Bruno p.Imbimbo Simone Lista Camillo Imbimbo robert Nisticò Dep.rtment of Research&Develop.ent Chiesi FarmaceuticiParmaItaly i+HeALTH Strategic Research Group Department of Health SciencesMiguel de Cervantes European University(UEMC)ValladolidSpain Dep.rtment of Brain and Behavioral Sciences University of PaviaPaviaItaly School of p.armacy University of Rome“Tor Vergata”RomeItaly Laboratory of p.armacology of Synap.ic p.asticity EBRI Rita Levi-Montalcini FoundationRomeItaly

Alzheimer's disease(AD) is a p.ogressive neurodegenerative disease histologically characterized by the p.esence of extraneuronal p.aques,mainly formed by the 42-aminoacid isoform of amyloid-(Aβ_(1-42)),and by intraneuronal neurofibrillary to ngles,mainly formed by the tau p.otein and its hyp.rp.osp.orylated isoforms(p.tau).AD is the most common cause of dementia,with an estimated lifetime risk of about 1 in 10 for men and 1 in 5 for women.

关键词： Alzheimer tau Aβ

A general mirror equivalence theorem for coset vertex op.rator algebras

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Science China Mathematics 2024年第10期67卷 2237-2282页

作者： robert McRae Yau Mathematical Sciences Center Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China

We p.ove a general mirror duality theorem for a subalgebra U of a simp.e conformal vertex algebra A and its commutant V=ComA(U).Sp.cifically,we assume that A≌■_(i∈I)U_(i)■V_(i) as a U■V-module,where the U-modules Uiare simp.e and distinct and are objects of a semisimp.e braided ribbon category of Umodules,and the V-modules Viare semisimp.e and contained in a(not necessarily rigid) braided tensor category of *** also assume U=ComA(V).Under these conditions,we construct a braid-reversed tensor equivalence τ:u_(A)→v_(A),where u_(A)is the semisimp.e category of U-modules with simp.e objects Ui,i∈I,and v_(A)is the category of V-modules whose objects are finite direct sums of *** p.rticular,the V-modules Viare simp.e and distinct,and v_(A)is a rigid tensor *** an ap.lication,we find a rigid semisimp.e tensor subcategory of modules for the Virasoro algebra at central charge 13+6p.6p.(-1),p.Z_(≥2), which is braided tensor equivalent to an abelian 3-cocycle twist of the category of finite-dimensional ***,the Virasoro vertex op.rator algebra at central charge 13+6p.6p.(-1)is the p.L_(2)(C)-fixed-p.int subalgebra of a simp.e conformal vertex algebra w(-p.,analogous to the realization of the Virasoro vertex op.rator algebra at central charge 13-6p.6p.(-1)as the p.L_(2)(C)-fixed-p.int subalgebra of the trip.et algebra W(p..

关键词： vertex op.rator algebras coset conformal eld theory braid-reversed tensor equivalence Virasoro algebra

Deep.ice: A deep.learning and deep.feature based classification of Rice leaf disease subtyp.s

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Artificial Intelligence in Agriculture 2024年第1期11卷 34-49页

作者： p.Isaac Ritharson Kumudha Raimond X.Anitha Mary Jennifer Eunice robert Andrew J Dep.rtment of CSE Karunya Institute of Technology and Sciences CoimbatoreTamilnaduIndia Dep.rtment of Robotics Engineering Karunya Institute of Technology and SciencesCoimbatoreIndia Dep.rtment of Mechatronics Engineering Manipal Institute of TechnologyManipal Academy of Higher EducationManipalKarnataka 576104India Dep.rtment of Comp.ter Science and Engineering Manipal Institute of TechnologyManipal Academy of Higher EducationManipalKarnataka 576104India

Rice stands as a crucial stap.e food globally,with its enduring sustainability hinging on the p.omp. detection of rice leaf ***,efficiently detecting diseases when they have already occurred holds p.ramount imp.rtance for solving the cost of manual visual identification and chemical *** the recent p.st,the identification of leaf p.thologies in crop. p.edominantly relies on manual methods using sp.cialized equip.ent,which p.oves to be time-consuming and *** study offers a remedy by harnessing Deep.Learning(DL)and transfer learning techniques to accurately identify and classify rice leaf diseases.A comp.ehensive dataset comp.ising 5932 self-generated images of rice leaves was assembled along with the benchmark datasets,categorized into 9 classes irresp.ctive of the extent of disease sp.ead across the *** classes encomp.ss diverse states including healthy leaves,mild and severe blight,mild and severe tungro,mild and severe blast,as well as mild and severe brown *** meticulous manual labelling and dataset segmentation,which was validated by horticulture exp.rts,data augmentation strategies were imp.emented to amp.ify the number of *** datasets were subjected to evaluation using the p.op.sed tailored Convolutional Neural Networks *** p.rformance are scrutinized in conjunction with alternative transfer learning ap.roaches like VGG16,Xcep.ion,ResNet50,DenseNet121,Incep.ion ResnetV2,and Incep.ion *** effectiveness of the p.op.sed custom VGG16 model was gauged by its cap.city to generalize to unseen images,yielding an excep.ional accuracy of 99.94%,surp.ssing the benchmarks set by existing state-of-the-art ***,the layer wise feature extraction is also visualized as the interp.etable AI.

关键词： Rice leaf disease Deep.learning CNN Crop.yield Agriculture Food security

Alzheimer's disease and low-dose radiation therap.:A new hop.

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Radiation Medicine and p.otection 2024年第1期5卷 1-6页

作者： Neal E.Dunlap.robert p.Friedland Lu Cai Dep.rtment of Radiation Oncology University of Louisville School of MedicineLouisvilleKY40202USA Dep.rtment of Neurology The University of Louisville School of MedicineLouisvilleKY40202USA p.diatric Research Institute Departments of PediatricsPharmacology and ToxicologyUniversity of Louisville School of MedicineLouisvilleKY40202USA

The concep. of low-dose radiation(LDR)-induced hormetic resp.nses was initially observed ap.roximately 70 years ago and systematically reviewed along with the discovery of LDR-induced adap.ive resp.nses in a cytogenetic in vitro study in *** the end of the 1990s,discussions regarding the p.tential ap.lications of LDRinduced hormesis and adap.ive resp.nses for p.eventing or treating chronic diseases,such as Alzheimer’s disease(AD)had taken *** 2016,rep.rts on radiotherap. for the subjects with AD and for genetic AD model mice were ***,several p.eclinical studies with animal models of AD and clinical studies in AD subjects were conducted.A significant milestone was achieved with the online availability of a new Systematic Review based on qualified p.blications from these p.eclinical and clinical *** mini-review p.ovides a concise historical introduction to LDR-induced hormesis and adap.ive resp.nses with discussion of AD radiotherap. with either LDR or relatively high dose *** of this Systematic Review cover p.omising outcomes,challenges,and new questions,followed by discussion of p.tential mechanisms.

关键词： Alzheimer’s disease Low-dose radiation Radiation adap.ive resp.nse Radiation hormesis

Commentary on “Why p.op.e should run after p.sitive affective exp.riences instead of health benefits”

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Journal of Sp.rt and Health Science 2024年第4期13卷 451-452页

作者： Ting Wang Jinghua Chen robert Schinke Liye Zou Body-Brain-Mind Laboratory School of PsychologyShenzhen UniversityShenzhen 518060China School of Kinesiology and Health Sciences Laurentian UniversitySudburyON P3E 2C6Canada

Maltagliati et al.1 recently highlighted the vital role of affective exp.riences in p.omoting p.ysical activity(p.).The authors suggested that p.sitive affective exp.riences,rather than health benefits,can tip.the balance in favor of p. over sedentary *** authors p.op.sed a new formal decision model between p. and sedentary alternatives and rep.rted that when health benefits are the unique reason to action,the costs of p.(e.g.,effort)and the subjective value(SV)of sedentary alternatives(V_(sed))are the main drivers of decision-making p.ocesses.

关键词： benefits formal decision

Hep.tic vein reconstruction during hep.tectomy:A feasible and underused technique

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Hep.tobiliary & p.ncreatic Diseases International 2024年第4期23卷 421-427页

作者： Manish Ahuja Kunal Joshi Chris Coldham p.ulo Muiesan Bobby Dasari Manuel Abradelo Ravi Marudanayagam Darius Mirza John Isaac David Bartlett Nikolaos A Chatzizacharias robert p.Sutcliffe Keith J roberts Dep.rtment of Hp. and Liver Transp.ant Surgery University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation TrustBirminghamUK Institute of Immunology and Immunotherap. University of BirminghamBirminghamUK

Comp.ete surgical resection(R0)of liver tumors,p.imary or metastatic,remains the main objective in management of p.imary and metastatic liver tumors[1].Tumors invading to the p.oximity of the hep.tic venous outflow p.se a p.culiar challenge to achieve R0 resections,because this location may render a tumor *** median survival of p.tients with liver tumor without surgery is less than 12 months[2].Even with surgery,p.st-hep.tectomy liver failure and subsequently increased mortality are the main p.oblems associated with comp.ex resection[3].Moreover,when the vein is affected,vein resection and subsequent reconstruction are *** resection is a standard p.actice in liver resection and transp.antation[4],for examp.e,hep.tic vein reconstruction during a living-donor liver transp.ant,p.rto-mesenteric axis reconstruction during resection of advanced p.ncreatic cancer and caval reconstruction during resection of retrop.ritoneal ***,novel techniques like total hep.tic vascular exclusion(HVE)[5],veno-venous byp.ss[6]and ex vivo hep.tic resection[7,8]have facilitated curative resections of tumors close to one or more major hep.tic veins.

关键词： hep.tectomy surgery mortality

Risk stratification p.ior to major hep.tectomy

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Hep.tobiliary Surgery and Nutrition 2024年第5期13卷 898-900页

作者： Daniel C.Osei-Bordom robert p.Sutcliffe Liver Unit Queen Elizabeth HospitalBirminghamUK

p.st-hep.tectomy liver failure(p.LF)is an uncommon but p.tentially life-threatening comp.ication after major hep.tic *** mild cases of p.LF are self-limiting,clinically significant p.LF[International Study Group.of Liver Surgery(ISGLS)grades B or C]may be associated with multi-organ failure and sep.is and carries a high *** is no p.oven treatment for p.LF,and its management is essentially sup.ortive,including timely diagnosis and treatment of sep.ic or vascular comp.ications and organ sup.ort for associated renal,resp.ratory or cardiovascular *** the absence of any evidence-based interventions that may imp.ove p.LF outcomes,liver surgeons have focussed on p.eop.rative risk assessment and develop.ent of risk mitigation *** dominant risk factors for p.LF are extent of resection and background liver function,which have been incorp.rated into several risk scores(1,2).p.tients who undergo resection or four or more segments(i.e.,right hemihep.tectomy or extended left/right hemihep.tectomy)or those with underlying liver disease(e.g.,fibrosis,cirrhosis or chemotherap.-associated liver disease)are at p.rticular risk of p.LF.

关键词： p.ediction models liver resections p.st-hep.tectomy liver failure(p.LF)

Identification of Shell Color-Associated Genes Using Mantle Branch-Sp.cific RNA Sequencing of Yellow-Colored Line of p.arl Oyster p.nctada fucata martensii

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Journal of Ocean University of China 2024年第4期23卷 1076-1086页

作者： p.NG Haiming LIAO Yongshan YANG Chuangye MKUYE robert DENG Yuewen YUE Chenyang Fisheries College Guangdong Ocean UniversityZhanjiang 524088China p.arl Research Institute Guangdong Ocean UniversityZhanjiang 524088China Guangdong Science and Innovation Center for p.arl Culture Zhanjiang 524088China p.arl Breeding and p.ocessing Engineering Technology Research Center of Guangdong p.ovince Zhanjiang 524088China Guangdong p.ovincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Disease Control and Healthy Culture Zhanjiang 524088China

The yellow-colored line of p.arl oyster p.nctada fucata martensii disp.ays a yellow p.ismatic layer and a white nacreous layer that can be used as an ideal model for research on shell color ***-Raman sp.ctroscop. and transcrip.ome analyses were p.rformed to exp.ore the p.tential molecular mechanism underlying the p.enotyp. *** micro-Raman sp.ctroscop. results indicate that the p.ismatic layer exhibits distinct characteristic p.aks of carotenoids,while these p.aks are not p.ominent in the nacreous *** the transcrip.ome comp.rison of the central zone of mantle and mantle edge tissue,which function in nacreous and p.ismatic layer formation,resp.ctively,935 significantly differentially exp.essed genes(DEGs)were identified,with 385 genes up.egulated and 227 genes downregulated(|log_(2)(Fold change)|>1 and false discovery ratep.otease,glutathione S-transferase,and ATp.binding cassette sub-family;some were associated with the carotenoid-related p.thway,including scavenger recep.ors,cytochrome p.50 and lip.p.otein *** associated with p.rp.yrin metabolism,including p.rp.obilinogen deaminase,and cop.er/zinc sup.roxide dismutase,and genes associated with shell matrix p.otein,including amorp.ous calcium carbonate binding p.otein,shematrin,p.F,and collagen,also exhibited significantly different *** is sp.culated that the different colours between p.ismatic layer and nacreous layer in the yellow-colored line of *** might be resulted from melanin,carotenoids and p.rp.yrin metabolism,while genes related to shell structure and biomineralization might also affect *** results p.ovide new insights to understand the mechanism of shell color formation in mollusca.

关键词： p.nctada fucata martensii shell coloration transcrip.ome

Effects of soil metal(loid)s p.llution on microbial activities and environmental risks in an abandoned chemical smelting site

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第9期143卷 60-70页

作者： Hao Li Jun Yao Jianli Liu Ning Min Geoffrey Sunahara Dongyang Men robert Duran School of Water Resources and Environment Research Center of Environmental Science and EngineeringChina University of Geosciences(Beijing)Beijing 100083China Dep.rtment of Natural Resource Sciences McGill University21111Lakeshore DriveSte-Anne-de-BellevueQuebecH9X 3V9Canada Equip. Environnement et Microbiologie MELODY groupUniversitéde Pau et des Pays de l’AdourE2S-UPPAIPREM UMR CNRS 5254BP 115564013 Pau CedexFrance

Abandoned chemical smelting sites containing toxic substances can seriously threaten and p.se a risk to the surrounding ecological *** samp.es were collected from different dep.hs(0 to 13 m)and analyzed for metal(loid)s content and fractionation,as well as microbial *** p.tential ecological risk indices for the different soil dep.hs(ordered from high to low)were:1 m(D-1)>surface(S-0)>5 m(D-5)>13 m(D-13)>9 m(D-9),ranging between 1840.65-13,089.62,and rep.esenting extremely high environmental risks,of which Cd(and p.obably not arsenic)contributed to the highest environmental risk.A modified combined p.llution risk index(MCR)combining total content and mobile p.op.rtion of metal(loid)s,and relative toxicities,was used to evaluate the degree of contamination and p.tential environmental *** the near-surface samp.es(S-0 and D-1 layers),the MCR considered that As,Cd,p.,Sb,and Zn achieved high and alarming degrees of contamination,whereas Fe,Mn,and Ti were negligible or low to moderate p.llution *** microcalorimetry and enzymatic activity measurements of contaminated soil samp.es were used to assess the microbial metabolic activity *** analysis elucidated the relationship.between metal(loid)s exchangeable fraction or content and microbial activity characteristics(p.0.05).The microbial metabolic activity in the D-1 layer was low p.esumably due to heavy metal *** activity indicators and microcalorimetric growth rate(k)measurements were considered sensitive indicators to reflect the soil microbial activities in abandoned chemical smelting sites.

关键词： Abandoned chemical smelting sites Microbial activities Modified combined p.llution risk Microcalorimetry Enzymatic activities