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Sleep as a window to understand and regulate Alzheimer's disease:emerging roles of thalamic reticular nucleus

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第6期20卷 1711-1712页

作者： Haoqi Sun Shiqian Shen robert J.Thomas m.Brandon Westover Can Zhang Department of Neurology Beth Israel Deaconess Medical CenterHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA Center for Translational Pain Research Department of AnesthesiaCritical Care and Pain MedicineMassachusetis General HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA Division of Pulmonary Critical Care and Sleep MedicineDepartment of MedicineBeth Israel Deaconess Medical CenterHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA Genetics and Aging Research Unit McCance Center for Brain HealthMass General Institute for Neurodegenerative DiseaseDepartment of NeurologyMassachusetts General HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA

Introduction:Alzheimer 's disease(AD) is a common neurodegenerative disorder and the primary cause of dementia. Considerable evidence supports the “amyloid hypothesis,” stating that the pathogenesis of AD is primarily caused by the deposition of amyloid-β(Aβ), which drives tau phosphorylation, neuroinflammation, and neurodegeneration in the brain. The amyloid hypothesis is strengthened by the significant and moderate benefit of lecanemab, a humanized antibody through an anti-amyloid mechanism,showing slowed clinical decline(van Dyck et al.,2023). The recent positive results of anti-amyloid trials have brought back focus on the amyloid hypothesis through biochemical, genetic, and pharmacological approaches(Zhang, 2023).

关键词： Alzheimer inflammation hypothesis

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In-situ investigation on real-time suspended sediment measurement techniques:Turbidimetry, acoustic attenuation,laser diffraction (LISST) and vibrating tube densimetry

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International Journal of Sediment Research 2018年第1期33卷 3-17页

作者： David Felix Ismail Albayrak robert michael boes Laboratory of Hydraulics Hydrology and Glaciology(VAW)ETH Zürich

Real-time measurements of Suspended Sediment mass Concentration（SSC） and Particle Size Distribution（PSD） are of prime importance for the investigation and management of fine-sediment related processes in surface water systems and hydraulic schemes. In a field study at the waterway of the hydropower plant（HPP） Fieschertal in the Swiss Alps, the real-time measurement performance of the following techniques and instruments were assessed based on measurements in the sediment seasons of the years 2013 and 2014:（1） turbidimetry,（2） single-frequency acoustic attenuation using a standard acoustic discharge measurement（ADm） installation,（3） laser diffraction（Laser In-Situ Scattering and Transmissometry, LISST）, and（4） vibrating tube densimetry using a Coriolis Flow and Density meter（CFDm）.Reference SSCs were obtained from gravimetric analysis of 219 automatically pumped water *** additionally supplied PSD every minute. The median particle diameter, d50, was usually 15μm and increased occasionally to 100μm. The turbidimeter and the ADm underestimated the SSC when the transported particles were coarser than usual. Such temporary biases resulted from the poor correlation between d50and SSC at this study site. The SSCs from CFDm and LISST were not or less biased by PSD variations. mainly due to angular and flaky particle shapes, SSC from LISST needed a correction by 79% on average. With the usually prevailing silt particles, an optical path length of 5 mm and no dilution, the SSC measurement range of LISST was limited to about 1.5 g/l. The CFDm allowed measuring higher SSC than the other investigated instruments（e.g. up to 13.5 g/l）. With a periodic offset correction, its relative SSC measurement uncertainty was measure a wide range of SSC with temporarily variable PSD, a combination of instruments is recommended: e.g. a standard LISST, a CFDm,and an automatic water sampler for gravimetric reference measurements.

关键词： Suspended sediment concentration Turbidity Acoustic attenuation Laser diffraction Coriolis flow and density meter Gravimetric analysis

Long-COVID-19: the persisting imprint of SARS-CoV-2 infections on the innate immune system

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2024年第1期9卷 12-13页

作者： marianne boes Pascal Falter-Braun Center for Translational Immunology and Department of Pediatric Immunology University Medical Center UtrechtUtrecht UniversityUtrechtThe Netherlands Institute of Network Biology(INET) Molecular Targets and Therapeutics Center(MTTC)Helmholtz MunichNeuherbergGermany microbe-Host Interactions Faculty of BiologyLudwig-Maximilians-Universität MünchenPlanegg-MartinsriedGermany

In a recent Cell publication,Cheong et *** how COVID-19 causes IL-6 induced epigenetic reprogramming of human immune stem cells,which causes lasting alterations in the composition and response characteristics of circulating immune cells.1 The study provides important insights into the mechanisms by which SARSCoV-2 infections impact the human immune system and is an important hook into unraveling the mechanisms of post-acute sequelae of COVID-19(PASC)commonly referred to as longCOVID.

关键词： system COV programming

On-line non-intrusive particle size measurement of pulverised fuel through digital imaging

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仪器仪表学报 2007年第11期28卷 1942-1946页

作者： Carter robert m Department of Electronics University of Kent

This paper presents the basic principles of particle size measurement and latest industrial results recorded using an innovative optical instrumentation system designed to measure the size distribution of particles in a pneumatic *** system is non-intrusive and cost-effective.A low-cost CCD camera is used to capture images of the particulate flow field,which is illuminated by a low-cost pulsed laser sheet *** particle size distribution is then determined by processing the particle images through the use of novel processing *** results obtained in the past on a small scale particle flow test rig have demonstrated that the system is capable of measuring the size distribution of pneumatically conveyed particles with an accuracy of a few *** the present paper results obtained when testing the system at a 4 mW industrial test facility are *** are made with both off-line reference data achieved through sieving and on-line laser diffraction data recorded using an intrusive,extractive,malvern Instruments *** general there is good agreement between results when considering the characteristics and limitations of the individual *** novel imaging system shows itself to be rugged,practical and useful under genuine industrial conditions.

关键词：粒子测量方法数字成像数码

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Universal correlations in percolation

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Frontiers of physics 2020年第4期15卷 1-3页

作者： robert m.Zif Center for the Study of Compler Systems and Department of Chemical Engineering University of MichiganAnn ArborMI 48109-2800USA

Percolation is the process where connections from link to link in random systems leads to clustering and long-range connectivity.A standard model of percolation is a reg-ular lattice,with the links being nearest-neighbor bonds that are randomly occupied(bond percolation),or all links exist and random sites(vertices)are occupied(site per-colation).At a critical occupancy fraction Pe of sites or bonds,the mean cluster size in an infinite system first becomes infinite,and many properties become universal for a given *** characteristics of the uni-versal behavior has been the focus of much research for decades[1-5].

关键词： bonds percolation infinite

Thiolsulfonate functionalized polystyrene resin:Preparation and application in the isolation and identification of electrophilic mutagens

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2007年第12期19卷 1520-1527页

作者： Wu El robert m. Carlson Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100085 China Department of Chemistry University of Minnesota-Duluth Duluth MN 55812 USA

A new approach for isolation and identification of elecrtophilic mutagens from complex matrix was developed. Thiosulforfic anion was immobilized onto polystyrene beads and used as separation media. Potassium polystyryl-thiosulfonate, prepared from polystyryl- sulfonyl chloride and KHS, was observed to selectively react with model electrophilic mutagens such as alkyl halides, ct-chloroketones and α-chloroesters to produce polystyryl-thiosulfonlc esters. After separation from other nonreactive organic compounds, the beads then reacted with ethanethiol to produce unsymmetrical ethyl disulfides which are easily detected by GC/mS. For one mutagenic compound, only one unsymmetrical disulfide was found to contain its structure part. Thus, the structure of the parent mutagens could be deduced from that of the unsymmetrical disulfides. The degree of functionalization of the potassium polystyryl-thiosulfonate resin was 1.11 mmol/g. Its reactivity was discussed and its recycling method was reported here.

关键词： functionalized polystyrene potassium polystyryl-thiosulfonate unsymmetrical ethyl disulfides electrophilic mutagens

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Advances in local ablation of malignant liver lesions

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2016年第15期22卷 3885-3891页

作者： robert m Eisele Department of General Visceral Vascular and Pediatric Surgery Medical Faculty of the University of Saarland

Local ablation of liver tumors matured during the recent years and is now proven to be an effective tool in the treatment of malignant liver lesions. Advances focus on the improvement of local tumor control by technical innovations, individual selection of imaging modalities, more accurate needle placement and the free choice of access to the liver. Considering data found in the current literature for conventional local ablative treatment strategies, virtually no single technology is able to demonstrate an unequivocal superiority. Hints at better performance of microwave compared to radiofrequency ablation regarding local tumor control, duration of the procedure and potentially achievable larger size of ablation areas favour the comparably more recent treatment modality; image fusion enables more patients to undergo ultrasound guided local ablation; magnetic resonance guidance may improve primary success rates in selected patients; navigation and robotics accelerate the needle placement and reduces deviation of needle positions; laparoscopic thermoablation results in larger ablation areas and therefore hypothetically better local tumor control under acceptable complication rates, but seems to be limited to patients with no, mild or moderate adhesions following earlier surgical procedures. Apart from that, most techniques appear technically feasible, albeit demanding. Which technology will in the long run become accepted, is subject to future work.

关键词： Local ablation Liver microwave ablation Hepatocellular carcinoma Colorectal liver metastases Navigation

Assessing risks for gastric cancer: New tools for pathologists

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2006年第35期12卷 5622-5627页

作者： robert m Genta massimo Rugge Department of Pathology University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas Texas United states Department of Oncological and Surgical Sciences University of Padova Italy

Although the Sydney Systems (original and updated) for the classification of gastritis have contributed substantially to the uniformity of the reporting of gastric conditions, they lack immediacy in conveying to the user information about gastric cancer risk. In this review, we summarize the current understanding of the gastric lesions associated with an increased risk for cancer, and present the rationale for a proposal for new ways of reporting gastritis. In addition to the traditional histopathological data gathered and evaluated according to the Sydney System rules, pathologists could add an assessment expressed as grading and staging of the gastric inflammatory and atrophic lesions and integrate these findings with pertinent laboratory information on pepsinogens and gastrin levels. Such an integrated report could facilitate clinicians’ approach to the management of patients with gastric conditions.

关键词： Gastritis Staging and grading Gastritis Histology

Junction Point Elimination based Tamil Handwritten Character Recognition:An Experimental Analysis

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Journal of Systems Science and Systems Engineering 2020年第1期29卷 100-123页

作者： m.Antony robert Raj S.Abirami Department of Information Science and Technology Anna UniversityChennai 600025

Optical Character Recognition is the mechanical or electronic conversion of images of typed,handwritten or printed text into machine-encoded text for online reading and *** this OCR technique,Tamil handwritten character recognition is one of the most needed and challengeable subjects of *** encounter between selection and extraction of proper features eliminates the issues faced by the Tamil handwritten *** character and the writers complexities are the major difficulties and challenges faced by this recognition ***,the character complexity can be overcome by any pre-extraction or selection process,wherein,structured or statistical pre-extraction algorithm can be designed,discovering the essential features,in the case of writer *** challenges of Tamil handwritten characters are structure over looping;unnecessary character portion;structure discontinuations and so *** character portions in this research are chosen by implementing a new algorithm called the Junction Point Elimination(JPE)after conscientious analysis done on the existing algorithms like Zoning,Zoning and Junction Point(ZJP)and the Junction Point (JP) based feature pre-extraction *** novelty behind this work is introducing an algorithm in order to truncate the problem in the existing feature selection and preextraction *** feature extraction and classification algorithm are chosen and applied on the features extracted by JPE to test whether the same can be reached in successful *** final analysis and experiments shows that the JPE is better than the others.

关键词： Junction point elimination chain code zoning prism tree quad tree support vector machine