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Resolution of acute gastroenteritis symptoms in children and adults treated with a novel polyphenol-based prebiotic

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第34期20卷 12301-12307页

作者： Telma Noguera robert Wotring Chris R Melville Kara Hargraves Jochen Kumm john M Morton Instituto Centroamericano de Investigación Clínica Managua 050-008-4Nicaragua Greenteaspoon Inc StanfordCA 94305United States Department of Biology Stanford UniversityStanfordCA 94305United States Bariatric and Minimally Invasive Surgery Stanford School of MedicineStanfordCA 94305United States

AIM: To test efficacy and durability of a polyphenol-based prebiotic treatment for acute gastroenteritis in a 300 patient double-blinded clinical study.

关键词： Prebiotic Gastroenteritis Diarrhea Rotavirus Infant Mortality Dehydration Heartburn Polyphenol Aliva Greenteaspoon

Higher incidence of steroid-induced ocular hypertension in keratoconus

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Eye and Vision 2016年第1期3卷 29-36页

作者： Anastasios john Kanellopoulos Emerson M.Cruz robert Edward T.Ang George Asimellis Laservision.gr Clinical and Research Eye Institute 17 Tsocha StreetAthens Postal Code:11521Greece NYU Medical School New YorkNYUSA Asian Eye Institute MakatiPhilippines

Background:To compare intraocular pressure(IOP)changes following topical dexamethasone administration for 1 month in keratoconic versus normal ***:This is a retrospective,single-center,non-randomized case series evaluation of 350 *** groups were formed:normal/control Group A(n_(A)=73),eyes that underwent excimer laser photorefractive keratectomy;and keratoconic(KCN)Group B(n_(B)=277),eyes that were subjected to partial laser photorefractive keratectomy combined with collagen cross-linking(The Athens Protocol).All eyes received the same post-operative regimen of topical dexamethasone 0.1%for at least 1 *** applanation tonometry IOP readings and central corneal thickness(CCT)measurements were *** with induced ocular hypertension(OHT,defined as post-operative IOP higher than 21 mmHg),were identified and correlated to refractive procedure,gender,and corneal ***:At 4 weeks postoperatively,OHT was noted on 27.4%(20/73 eyes)in Group A,and 43.7%(121/277 eyes)in KCN Group B,(p<0.01).Six months post-operatively(following 5-months of discontinuing topical dexamethasone treatment and commencing treatment of IOP-lowering medications),OHT rate was 1.8%in Group A and 3.9%in the KCN Group ***:This study demonstrates a potentially significant pre-disposition of keratoconic eyes to the development of steroid-induced OHT.

关键词： Keratoconus Intraocular pressure Corticosteroid induced ocular hypertension IOP spike Corneal collagen cross-linking CXL The Athens protocol Topography-guided Photorefractive keratectomy Dexamethasone topical ophthalmic solution

Recent progress in functional metal-organic frameworks for bio-medical application

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Regenerative Biomaterials 2024年第2期3卷 37-54页

作者： Wenwen Chai Xiaochen Chen Jing Liu Liyan Zhang Chunyu Liu Li Li john robert Honiball Haobo Pan Xu Cui Deping Wang School of Materials Science and Engineering Tongji UniversityShanghai 201804China Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology Chinese Academy of SciencesShenzhen 518055China Department of Orthopaedics&Traumatology School of Clinical MedicineLi Ka Shing Faculty of MedicineThe University of Hong KongHong KongChina

Metal-organic frameworks(MOFs)have a high specific surface area,adjustable pores and can be used to obtain functional porous materials with diverse and well-ordered structures through coordination and self-assembly,which has intrigued wide interest in a broad range of *** the arena of biomedical engineering,the functionalized modification of MOFs has produced drug carriers with excellent dispersion and functionalities such as target delivery and response release,with promising applications in bio-detection,disease therapy,tissue healing,and other *** review summa-rizes the present state of research on the functionalization of MOFs by physical binding or chemical cross-linking of small *** *** hvdrogels and evaluates the role and approach of MOFs functionalization in boosting the reactivity of *** this basis,research on the application of functionalized MOFs composites in biomedical engineering fields such as drug delivery,tissue repair,disease treatment,bio-detection and imaging is surveyed,and the development trend and application prospects of functionalized MOFs as an important new class of biomedical materials in the biomedical field are anticipated,which may provide some inspiration and reference for further development of MOF for bio-medical applications.

关键词： metal-organic frameworks porous functionalization tissue repair disease treatment

The Traveling Wave Reactor: Design and Development

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Engineering 2016年第1期2卷 88-96页

作者： john Gilleland robert Petroski Kevan Weaver Terra Power LLC

The traveling wave reactor （TWR） is a once-through reactor that uses in situ breeding to greatly reduce the need for enrichment and reprocessing. Breeding converts incoming subcritical reload fuel into new critical fuel, allowing a breed-burn wave to propagate. The concept works on the basis that breed-burn waves and the fuel move relative to one another. Thus either the fuel or the waves may move relative to the stationary observer. The most practical embodiments of the TWR involve moving the fuel while keeping the nuclear reactions in one place-sometimes referred to as the standing wave reactor （SWR）. TWRs can operate with uranium reload fuels including totally depleted uranium, natural uranium, and low-enriched fuel （e.g., 5.5% 23sU and below）, which ordinarily would not be critical in a fast spectrum. Spent light water reactor （LWR） fuel may also serve as TWR reload fuel. In each of these cases, very efficient fuel usage and significant reduction of waste volumes are achieved without the need for re- processing. The ultimate advantages of the TWR are realized when the reload fuel is depleted uranium, where after the startup period, no enrichment facilities are needed to sustain the first reactor and a chain of successor reactors. TerraPower＇s conceptual and engineering design and associated technolo- gy development activities have been underway since late 2006, with over 50 institutions working in a highly coordinated effort to place the first unit in operation by 2026. This paper summarizes the TWR technology： its development program, its progress, and an analysis of its social and economic benefits.

关键词： Nuclear energyElectricity generationAdvanced reactorTraveling wave reactorSustainability

Dellen-like keratopathy associated with glaucoma drainage devices

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2014年第1期2卷 1-4页

作者： Carlton robert Fenzl Majid Moshirfar Adam john Gess Valliammai Muthappan Jason Goldsmith Department of Ophthalmology Jamaica Hospital Medical Center/NYMC Jamaica NY 11418 United States Moran Eye Center University of UtahSalt Lake CityUT 84132United States

To report the first case of dellen-like keratopathy with superior corneal thinning associated with implantation of glaucoma drainage devices. A 70-year-old male with a history of primary open angle glaucoma and dry eye disease underwent placement of glaucoma drainage devices with antimetabolite application in both eyes. Prior to placement, minimal refractive error was noted on manifest refraction. Several years later, the patient was referred for decreased vision and corneal irregularity. Examination showed pathologic corneal curvature, superior corneal thinning, and epithelial demarcation lines immediately anterior to the glaucoma drainage devices in both eyes. The epithelium remained intact with no evidence of limbal stem cell deficiency. Manifest refraction revealed a large change in both eyes. Topography was used to confirm the presence of irregular corneal curvature anterior to the glaucoma drainage devices. Dellen-like keratopathy with superior thinning is a rare sequela after implantation of a glaucoma drainage device that must be considered in elderly patients who undergo glaucoma surgery. It is likely related to a combination of tear film alteration related to previously large anterior blebs, antimetabolite application, and aqueous humor flow patterns around the drainage devices. Treatment should focus on lubrication.

关键词： Dellen-like keratopathy Delle Glaucoma drainage device Corneal thinning

Potential emission reductions by converting agricultural residue biomass to synthetic fuels for vehicles and domestic cooking in China

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Particuology 2020年第2期18卷 40-47页

作者： Xiaoliang Wang SKent Hoekman Yang Han Judith CChow john G.Watson Xiaomeng Wu Ye Wu Dennis Schuetzle robert Schuetzle Desert Research Institute 2215 Raggio PkwyRenoNV 89512USA School of Environment Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Greyrock Energy Inc.2020 L StreetSuite 120SacramentoCA 95811USA

Vehicle exhaust and transported biomass burning emissions are important air pollution sources in many urban areas,and domestic cooking with biomass fuels causes indoor air pollution in many rural *** agricultural waste-generated synthetic fuels can reduce emissions both from vehicles and biomass *** estimate the potential benefits of synthetic diesel in Beijing,the emission factor model for the Beijing vehicle fleet was applied to estimate exhaust emissions for the 2015-2030 *** with 100%petroleum diesel,a 20%synthetic diesel blend reduced diesel fleet emissions by 24%for carbon monoxide,30%for total hydrocarbons,5.5%for nitrogen oxides,and 19%for fine particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter of≤2.5μm(PM2.5)while using 100%synthetic diesel decreased emissions by 36%for carbon monoxide,48%for total hydrocarbons,10%for nitrogen oxides,and 34%for *** use of biomass for producing synthetic fuels rather than burning in the field also reduces air *** 60g of PM2.5 agricultural open-field burning emissions are avoided per liter of synthetic fuel *** solid crop residues with synthetic liquid fuels in household cooking would reduce PM2.5 emissions by more than 90%.

关键词： PM2.5 Air pollution Vehicle emission Biomass burning Synthetic fuel Agricultural biomass

Biological Markers on Human Pregnancy

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Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 1991年第Z1期 56-68页

作者： robert E.CANFIELD,john F.O'CONNOR Departments of Medicine Pathology Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons New York New York 10032

This article reviews a selected set of recently described pregnancy-associated proteins which possess potential for both signaling pregnancy onset and monitoring its course. These molecules are compared and contrasted with human chorionic gonadotropin, the first pregnancy-associated protein to be discovered, and the standard biomarker of pregnancy to which all others must still be referenced. Recent advances in hCG research have focused on the structural determination and diagnostic significance of the subunits and fragments of the hCG molecule, particularly in urine. An outline of the potential utility of this approach is also presented.

关键词： Biological Markers on Human Pregnancy

The Neuron as a Controlled Toggle Circuit

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Circuits and Systems 2014年第12期5卷 309-316页

作者： john robert Burger ECE Department California State University Northridge USA

This paper considers a model of a recursive neuron whose circuit the author finds interesting, not because of its financial possibility, but because of its surprising electrical behavior. Below, a recursive neuron is modeled with excitatory and inhibitory triggering, and simulated using Win Spice. This model is shown to be capable of controlled toggling, and so promises energy-efficient, massively parallel computing.

关键词： Brain Circuits Neural Circuits Toggle Circuits Recursive Neurons

Recent trends in the surgical management of inflammatory bowel disease

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2008年第3期14卷 408-412页

作者： robert E Roses john L Rombeau University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine Philadelphia Pennsylvania Temple University School of Medicine Philadelphia Pennsylvania United States

Surgery is required in the vast majority of patients with Crohn’s disease (CD) and in approximately one-third of patients with ulcerative colitis (UC). Similar to medical treatments for IBD, significant advances have occurred in surgery. Advances in CD include an emphasis upon conservatism as exemplified by more limited resections, strictureplasties, and laparoscopic resections. The use of probiotics in selected patients has improved the outcome in patients with pouchitis following restorative proctocolectomy for UC. It is anticipated that ongoing discoveries in the molecular basis of IBD will in turn identify those patients who will best respond to surgery.

关键词： Crohn's disease Ulcerative colitis Ileal pouchanal anastomosis Laparoscopic colectomy