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Deep Learning-Driven Data Curation and Model Interpretation for Smart Manufacturing

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Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering 2021年第3期34卷 52-72页

作者： Jianjing Zhang robert X.Gao Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Case Wester Reserve UniversityClevelandOH 44106-7222USA

Characterized by self-monitoring and agile adaptation to fast changing dynamics in complex production environments,smart manufacturing as envisioned under Industry 4.0 aims to improve the throughput and reliability of production beyond the *** the widespread application of deep learning(DL)has opened up new opportunities to accomplish the goal,data quality and model interpretability have continued to present a roadblock for the widespread acceptance of DL for real-world *** has motivated research on two fronts:data curation,which aims to provide quality data as input for meaningful DL-based analysis,and model interpretation,which intends to reveal the physical reasoning underlying DL model outputs and promote trust from the *** paper summarizes several key techniques in data curation where breakthroughs in data denoising,outlier detection,imputation,balancing,and semantic annotation have demonstrated the effectiveness in information extraction from noisy,incomplete,insufficient,and/or unannotated *** highlighted are model interpretation methods that address the“black-box”nature of DL towards model transparency.

关键词： Deep learning Data curation Model interpretation

Gene bank scheduling of seed regeneration: Interim report on a long term storage study

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2019年第7期18卷 1529-1540页

作者： robert Redden Debra Partington Australian Temperate Field Crops Collection Private Bag 260Agriculture Victoria

A major challenge for the management of gene banks is the maintenance of good seed health in the *** germplasm collections >10 000 accessions often have been acquired from different sources over a range of dates,may differ in germination at time of deposition in the gene bank,and may have genetic differences in seed *** major storage variables affecting seed longevity are temperature and seed moisture *** varieties of each pea(Pisum sativus L.),lentil(Lens culinaris Medikus ***),and chickpea(Cicer arietinum L.),were stored at three temperatures;40,20,and 2°C,each with three seed moisture levels of 10.9–13.8%(high),7.9–10.3%(medium),and 7–7.8%(low),in the Australian Temperate Field Crops Collection gene *** longevity at a given storage period was estimated by the corresponding germination percentage for each *** paper is an interim report on seed viability decline in the first seven years of this seed longevity study,in which viability decline towards zero was almost completed in the three seed moisture treatments at 40°C and the 20°C high seed moisture treatment,but had not declined in the other *** longevity positively responded to a reduction in temperature and then to a reduction in seed *** number of days in storage for seed germination decline to 85%(p85),and to 50%(p50) for mean seed viability,are reported by storage/varietal *** p85 and p50 showed significant inverse linear responses with seed moisture at 40°C for pea and lentil varieties,with intra-specific variation for *** long term trial aims to provide informed timing of seed regeneration for accessions in a gene bank.

关键词： gene bank storage moisture level temperature regeneration pea lentil chickpea

Characteristics of Water Infiltration in Layered Water-Repellent Soils

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Pedosphere 2018年第5期28卷 775-792页

作者： LI Yi REN Xin robert HILL robert MALONE ZHAO Ying College of Water Resources and Architecture Engineering Northwest A&F University Key Laboratory of Agricultural Soil and Water Engineering in Arid and Semiarid Areas Ministry of EducationNorthwest A&F University Department of Environmental Science and Technology University of Maryland USDA-ARS National Laboratory for Agriculture and the Environment Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and the Agri-environment in Northwest China Ministry of AgricultureNorthwest A&F University

Water-repellent(WR) soil greatly influences infiltration behavior. This research determined the impacts of WR levels of silt loam soil layer during infiltration. Three column scenarios were utilized, including homogeneous wettable silt loam or sand, silt loam over sand(silt loam/sand), and sand over silt loam(sand/silt loam). A 5-cm thick silt loam soil layer was placed either at the soil surface or 5 cm below the soil surface. The silt loam soil used had been treated to produce different WR levels, wettable, slightly WR, strongly WR, and severely WR. As the WR level increased from wettable to severely WR, the cumulative infiltration decreased. Traditional wetting front-related equations did not adequately describe the infiltration rate and time relationships for layered WR soils. The Kostiakov equation provided a good fit for the first infiltration stage. Average infiltration rates for wettable, slightly WR, strongly WR, and severely WR during the 2 nd infiltration stage were 0.126, 0.021, 0.002, and 0.001 mm min^(-1) for the silt loam/sand scenario,respectively, and 0.112, 0.003, 0.002, and 0.000 5 mm min^(-1) for the sand/silt loam scenario, respectively. Pseudo-saturation phenomena occurred when visually examining the wetting fronts and from the apparent changes in water content(?θ_(AP)) at the slightly WR,strongly WR, and severely WR levels for the silt loam/sand scenario. Much larger ?θAPvalues indicated the possible existence of finger flow. Delayed water penetration into the surface soil for the strongly WR level in the silt loam/sand scenario suggested negative water heads with infiltration times longer than 10 min. The silt loam/sand soil layers produced sharp transition zones of water content. The WR level of the silt loam soil layer had greater effects on infiltration than the layer position in the column.

关键词： infiltration model layered soils ponded infiltration experiment pseudo-saturation soil water content soil water move-ment soil water repellency water drop penetration time

Universal correlations in percolation

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Frontiers of physics 2020年第4期15卷 1-3页

作者： robert M.Zif Center for the Study of Compler Systems and Department of Chemical Engineering University of MichiganAnn ArborMI 48109-2800USA

Percolation is the process where connections from link to link in random systems leads to clustering and long-range connectivity.A standard model of percolation is a reg-ular lattice,with the links being nearest-neighbor bonds that are randomly occupied(bond percolation),or all links exist and random sites(vertices)are occupied(site per-colation).At a critical occupancy fraction Pe of sites or bonds,the mean cluster size in an infinite system first becomes infinite,and many properties become universal for a given *** characteristics of the uni-versal behavior has been the focus of much research for decades[1-5].

关键词： bonds percolation infinite

SO(n)-Invariant Special Lagrangian Submanifolds of C^(n+1) with Fixed Loci

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Chinese Annals of Mathematics,Series B 2006年第1期27卷 95-112页

作者： robert L. BRYANT Dedicated to the memory of Shiing-Shen Chern

Let SO（n） act in the standard way on C^n and extend this action in the usual way to C^n＋l = C＋ C^n. It is shown that a nonsingular special Lagrangian submanifold L→∪ C^n＋l that is invariant under this SO（n）-action intersects the fixed C→∪ C^n＋1 in a nonsingular real-analytic arc A （which may be empty）. If n 〉 2, then A has no compact component. Conversely, an embedded, noncompact nonsingular real-analytic arc A→∪ C lies in an embedded nonsingular special Lagrangian submanifold that is SO（n）-invariant. The same existence result holds for compact A if n =2. nonsingular SO（n）-invariant special Lagrangian nonsingular SO（n）-invariant special Lagrangian extensions in some open neighborhood of A. If A is connected, there exist n distinct extensions of A such that any embedded extension of A agrees with one of these n The method employed is an analysis of a singular nonlinear PDE and ultimately calls on the work of Gerard and Tahara to prove the existence of the extension.

关键词： Calibrations Special Lagrangian submanifolds

Strong Laws of Large Numbers for Double Sums of Banach Space Valued Random Elements

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Acta Mathematica Sinica,English Series 2019年第5期35卷 583-596页

作者： robert PARKER Andrew ROSALSKY Department of Biostatistics University of Florida Department of Statistics University of Florida

For a double array {V_(m,n), m ≥ 1, n ≥ 1} of independent, mean 0 random elements in a real separable Rademacher type p(1 ≤ p ≤ 2) Banach space and an increasing double array {b_(m,n), m ≥1, n ≥ 1} of positive constants, the limit law ■ and in L_p as m∨n→∞ is shown to hold if ■ This strong law of large numbers provides a complete characterization of Rademacher type p Banach spaces. Results of this form are also established when 0 < p ≤ 1 where no independence or mean 0 conditions are placed on the random elements and without any geometric conditions placed on the underlying Banach space.

关键词： Real separable Banach space double array of independent random elements strong law of large numbers almost sure convergence Rademacher type p Banach space convergence in Lp

High-nickel insects and nickel hyperaccumulator plants： A review

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Insect Science 2009年第1期16卷 19-31页

作者： robert S. Boyd Department of Biological Sciences 101 Life Sciences Building Auburn University Alabama 36849-5407 USA

Insects can vary greatly in whole-body elemental concentrations. Recent investigations of insects associated with Ni hyperaccumulator plants have identified insects with relatively elevated whole-body Ni levels. Evaluation of the limited data available indicates that a whole-body Ni concentration of 500μg Ni/g is exceptional： I propose that an insect species with a mean value of 500μg Ni/g or greater, in either larval/nymphal or adult stages, be considered a ＂high-Ni insect＂. Using the 500μg Ni/g criterion, 15 species ofhigh-Ni insects have been identified to date from studies in Mpumalanga （South Africa）, New Caledonia and California （USA）. The highest mean Ni concentration reported is 3 500 μg Ni/g for nymphs of a South African Stenoscepa species （Orthoptera： Pyrgomorphidae）. The majority of high-Ni insects （66%） are heteropteran herbivores. Studies of high-Ni insect host preference indicate they are monophagous （or nearly so） on a particular Ni hyperaccumulator plant species. Much of the Ni in bodies of these insects is in their guts （up to 66%-75%）, but elevated levels have also been found in Malpighian tubules, suggesting efficient elimination as one strategy for dealing with a high-Ni diet. Tissue levels of Ni are generally much lower than gut concentrations, but up to 1200μg Ni/g has been reported from exuviae, suggesting that molting may be another pathway of Ni elimination. One ecological function of the high Ni concentration of these insects may be to defend them against natural enemies, but to date only one experimental test has supported this ＂elemental defense＂ hypothesis. Community-level studies indicate that high-Ni insects mobilize Ni into food webs but that bioaccumulation of Ni does not occur at either plant-herbivore or herbivorepredator steps. Unsurprisingly, Ni bioaccumulation indices are greater for high-Ni insects compared to other insect species that feed on Ni hyperaccumulator plants. There is some evidence of Ni mobilization into food webs

关键词： bioaccumulation elemental defense heavy metals herbivore defense,hyperaccumulation metal tolerance nickel

Targeted systemic therapies for hepatocellular carcinoma:Clinical perspectives,challenges and implications

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2012年第6期18卷 498-506页

作者： Catherine Frenette robert Gish California Pacific Medical Center San FranciscoCA 94115United States

Hepatocellular carcinoma （HCC） is a lethal disease in most patients, due to its aggressive course and a lack of effective systemic therapies for advanced disease. Surgical resection and liver transplantation remain the only curative options for a small subset of patients. Few patients with HCC are diagnosed early enough to be eli- gible for curative treatment. Angiogenesis inhibition is a natural therapeutic target for all solid tumors, but par- ticularly for the highly vascularized HCC tumors. With the approval of the targeted agent sorafenib, there are now additional options for patients with HCC. Although sorafenib does produce some improvement in survival in HCC patients, the responses are not durable. In addi- tion, there are significant dermatologic, gastrointestinal, and metabolic toxicities, and, as importantly, there is still limited knowledge of its usefulness in special sub- populations with HCC. Other angiogenesis inhibitors are in development to treat HCC both in the first-line set- ting and for use following sorafenib failure; the furthest in development is brivanib, a dual fibroblast growth factor pathway and vascular endothelial growth factor receptor inhibitor. Additional agents with antiangiogenic properties also in phase IT and Ⅲ development for the treatment of patients with HCC include bevacizumab, ramucirumab, ABT-869, everolimus and ARQ 197.

关键词： Hepatocellular carcinoma, Angiogenesis Vas-cular endothelial growth factor Fibroblast growth factor Sorafenib Tumor response Brivanib

A Partial Differential Inequality in Geological Models

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Chinese Annals of Mathematics,Series B 2007年第6期28卷 709-736页

作者： robert EYMARD Thierry GALLOUET Université Paris-Est 5 boulevard DescartesF-77454 Marne-la-ValléeFrance. Université de Marseille 39 rue Joliot CurieF-13453 Marseille 13France.

Sedimentation and erosion processes in sedimentary basins can be modeled by a parabolic equation with a limiter on the fluxes and a constraint on the time variation. This limiter happens to satisfy a stationary scalar hyperbolic inequality, within a constraint, for which the authors prove the existence and the uniqueness of the solution. Actually, this solution is shown to be the maximal element of a convenient convex set of functions. The existence proof is obtained thanks to the use of a numerical scheme.

关键词： Hyperbolic inequalities Erosion and sedimentation models